Sistema para la mejora de la privacidad y la seguridad en la fidelización de clientes en el sector retail

En el presente TFG se ha desarrollado un sistema con el fin de adaptar la fidelización de clientes a las nuevas tecnologías y subsanar los problemas que presentan los actuales sistemas de fidelización. El sistema se apoya en el uso de balizas BLE para realizar la localización de los usuarios. Debido a que estas balizas son fáciles de clonar, se ha utilizado un segundo tipo de baliza BLE, a la que llamamos baliza de seguridad. Esta baliza transmite un código pseudoaleatorio usando una clave secreta y el identificador de la baliza de posición a la que está asociada, lo que impide su clonación y permite localizar de forma segura a los usuarios. La privacidad de los usuarios queda garantizada mediante el uso de pseudónimos y de un selector de tiendas, de manera que solo las tiendas que el usuario decida recibirán sus datos de localización. El sistema funciona en segundo plano y utiliza notificaciones Push para el envío de ofertas personalizadas en función de la localización de los usuarios, una vez esta haya sido verificada de forma segura

Cuidado ocular en “países del cinturón del pterigión”

Introduction. Pterygium is a benign disease of fibrovascular proliferation, which extends from the conjunctiva to the cornea, causing aesthetic and even visual problems. Its development is largely related to ultraviolet radiation and therefore to those activities carried out outdoors. Objective.  Carry out a bibliographic review on the risk factors for the development of pterygium in countries that are within the “Pterygium belt”, which allows describing eye care measures for the prevention of this pathology. Methodology.  Databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Springer, Public Library of Science, Sage Journals were used and articles in Spanish and English published within the period from 2018 to 2022 were included. Results.  All the articles analyzed describe ultraviolet radiation as the main factor described for the development of pterygium. In addition, social characteristics are described as risk factors, such as male sex, adulthood, lower level of education, and even protective factors such as myopia are described. Conclusion. Ultraviolet radiation is the most important risk factor for the development of pterygium; however, other factors are recognized such as dust, wind, wood debris, sodium metabisulfite, radiation from welding and LED light.Introducción. El pterigión es una enfermedad benigna de proliferación fibrovascular, que se extiende desde la conjuntiva hasta la córnea, llegando a provocar problemas estéticos e incluso visuales. Su desarrollo está relacionado en gran medida con la radiación ultravioleta y por lo tanto con aquellas actividades desempeñadas al aire libre. Objetivo. Realizar una revisión bibliográfica sobre los factores de riesgo para el desarrollo del pterigión en países que se encuentran dentro del “cinturón del Pterigión”, que permita describir medidas de cuidado ocular para la prevención de esta patología. Metodología. Se utilizaron bases de datos como PubMed, Scopus, Springer, Public Library of Science, Sage Journals y se incluyeron artículos en idioma español e inglés publicados dentro del período del año 2018 al año 2022. Resultados. Todos los artículos analizados describen a la radiación ultravioleta como el factor principal descrito para el desarrollo del pterigión.  Además, se describen características sociales como factores de riesgo, como el sexo masculino, la edad adulta, el menor nivel de estudio e incluso se describen factores protectores como la miopía. Conclusión. La radiación ultravioleta el factor de riesgo más importante para el desarrollo del pterigión, sin embargo, se reconocen otros factores como el polvo, viento, restos de madera, metabisulfito de sodio, radiación por soldadura y luz LED. Área de estudio general: Medicina. Área de estudio específica: Oftalmología

Competencias digitales y su relación con la docencia universitaria

Currently, the role of the university teacher constitutes a primary commitment in the academic process, it is the one who guides the student to the acquisition and development of competencies so that they can function in any situation. The new facet of the teacher is strengthened by managing the existing interconnectivity, therefore, for a teacher to teach their students with quality and to solve their learning needs, they require the knowledge, skills and application of technological resources offered by the digital age. For this reason, higher education teachers should not settle for that elementary knowledge in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) and virtuality resulting in digital illiteracy, on the contrary, they must be competent and didactic to apply them in their academic activities. Thus, demonstrating aptitude towards new educational contexts and structures, as long as it combines pedagogy with technology. Finally, this article aims to describe the digital skills applied in university teaching according to perspectives on ICT; digital age; knowledge and information society.Actualmente, el rol del docente universitario constituye un compromiso primordial en el proceso académico, es quien guía al estudiante a la adquisición y desarrollo de competencias para que este, pueda desenvolverse en cualquier situación. La nueva faceta del docente se fortalece mediante el manejo de la interconectividad existente, por ello, para que un docente enseñe a sus estudiantes con calidad y a solucionar sus necesidades de aprendizajes requieren del conocimientos, habilidades y aplicación de recursos tecnológicos que ofrece la era digital. Por esta razón, los docentes de educación superior no deben conformarse con aquellos conocimientos elementales en Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC) y virtualidad dando como resultado el analfabetismo digital, por lo contrario, deben ser competentes y didácticos para aplicarlos en sus actividades académicas. Así, demostrando aptitud hacia los nuevos contextos y estructuras educativas, siempre y cuando combine la pedagogía con la tecnología. Por último, el presente artículo tiene por objetivo describir las competencias digitales aplicadas en la docencia universitaria según perspectivas en las TIC; era digital; sociedad del conocimiento y de la información

Smart Solar Micro-exchangers for Sustainable Mobility of University Camps

Publicado el resumen en: https://www.wmcaus.org/files/WMCAUS2020_Book.pdf. Pendiente de publicación de las contribuciones en IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering.A significant number of universities have several campuses located in urban or rural settings, or with scattered university buildings that require the use of means of transportation. This implies the mobility and potential displacement of a large community of students, professors and researchers. The use of electric bicycles (e-bikes) is an intermediate alternative between the bicycle and electric cars. It can be an important stimulus for the promotion of the decarbonisation of the University Campus, avoiding the traffic congestion and reducing space requirements for parking. This paper presents the smart solar micro-exchanger model managed through a sustainable mobility web platform, applied to the case study of the University of Malaga (Spain). It is a solar charging station for e-bike, whose design is based on the principles of solar architecture (providing great security to e-bike). It managed by a web platform and app that allows the user to make reservations and learn about the savings in CO2 emissions. The system allows performing an aerobic sports activity without sweating problems when you reach the job. The platform also incorporates a database of quiet and safe routes for e-bike users.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

Cuando los instagrammers son los adultos

En el marco de los temas relacionados al marketing, se encuentran varias estrategias que afectan la conducta de compra de los consumidores con la finalidad de informar o persuadir sobre los beneficios que brinda determinado producto o servicio. Las empresas ecuatorianas utilizan dichas estrategias para captar la atención de clientes actuales y potenciales, con la finalidad de generar: posicionamiento de mercado, top of mind, captación e incremento del market share, satisfacción de los clientes y por supuesto, mayores ventas de los bienes que ofrecen. Esta recopilación de artículos académicos, aborda diversas estrategias manejadas por las pymes ecuatorianas, con sus correspondientes respuestas de mercado en los consumidores, manejando temas tales como: neuromarketing, marketing digital, cultura de consumo y comportamiento de compra

Muscle strength in adult patients with chronic kidney failure at the National Hospital and Military Hospital in 2021

Introducción: la fuerza muscular puede disminuir en los pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica por diversas causas. Objetivos: determinar las variables antropométricas, clínicas y la fuerza muscular en pacientes adultos con insuficiencia renal crónica. Metodología: se aplicó un diseño observacional, descriptivo, transversal. Se incluyeron varones y mujeres, mayores de 17 años, portadores de insuficiencia renal crónica que asistían al Hospital Nacional (Itauguá) y Hospital Militar (Asunción), Paraguay, entre abril y noviembre 2021. Se determinaron variables antropométricas, clínicas y laboratoriales. La fuerza muscular se midió con un dinamómetro de mano. Se utilizó un grupo de sujetos jóvenes sanos como grupo control para la comparación de la fuerza muscular. Se aplicó estadística descriptiva con el programa estadístico Epi Info 7™. La investigación fue aprobada por el Comité de Ética de la Universidad Privada del Este, Paraguay. Resultados: ingresaron al estudio 119 sujetos, siendo 62 (52%) del sexo masculino con edad media 56±15 años y 57 (48%) del sexo femenino, con edad media 51±16 años. La media de la depuración de creatinina fue 16,4±17,9 mL/min. La etiología más común fue la asociación de hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus (45%). Actuaron de grupo control 99 mujeres con edad media 25±5 años y 51 varones con edad media 26±5 años. Al comparar la fuerza entre los pacientes y los sujetos sanos se halló 66,4% de fuerza muscular disminuida entre los portadores de insuficiencia renal crónica. Conclusión: la fuerza muscular se halla disminuida en 66,4% de los pacientes insuficiencia renal crónica. Se recomienda la detección oportuna y el tratamiento precoz del déficit de la fuerza muscular en este grupo de pacientes.Introduction: muscle strength may decrease in patients with chronic kidney failure due to various causes. Objective: to determine the anthropometric and clinical variables and muscle strength in adult patients with chronic kidney failure. Methodology: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional design was applied. Men and women, older than 17 years, with chronic kidney failure who attended the National Hospital (Itauguá) and Military Hospital (Asunción), Paraguay, between April and November 2021 were included. Anthropometric, clinical and laboratory variables were determined. Muscle strength was measured with a hand dynamometer. A group of healthy young subjects was used as a control group for the comparison of muscle strength. Descriptive statistics were applied with the statistical program Epi Info 7 ™. The research was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Universidad Privada del Este, Paraguay. Results: 119 subjects entered the study, being 62 (52%) males with a mean age 56 ± 15 years and 57 (48%) females, with a mean age 51 ± 16 years. The mean creatinine clearance was 16.4 ± 17.9 mL / min. The most common etiology was the association of arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus (45%). The control group included 99 women with a mean age 25 ± 5 years and 51 men with a mean age 26 ± 5 years. When comparing strength between patients and healthy subjects, 66.4% decreased muscle strength was found among patients with chronic renal failure. Conclusion: muscle strength is decreased in 66.4% of chronic kidney failure patients. Early detection and early treatment of muscle strength deficit is recommended in this group of patients

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Jardins per a la salut

Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de Barcelona. Ensenyament: Grau de Farmàcia. Assignatura: Botànica farmacèutica. Curs: 2014-2015. Coordinadors: Joan Simon, Cèsar Blanché i Maria Bosch.Els materials que aquí es presenten són el recull de les fitxes botàniques de 128 espècies presents en el Jardí Ferran Soldevila de l’Edifici Històric de la UB. Els treballs han estat realitzats manera individual per part dels estudiants dels grups M-3 i T-1 de l’assignatura Botànica Farmacèutica durant els mesos de febrer a maig del curs 2014-15 com a resultat final del Projecte d’Innovació Docent «Jardins per a la salut: aprenentatge servei a Botànica farmacèutica» (codi 2014PID-UB/054). Tots els treballs s’han dut a terme a través de la plataforma de GoogleDocs i han estat tutoritzats pels professors de l’assignatura. L’objectiu principal de l’activitat ha estat fomentar l’aprenentatge autònom i col·laboratiu en Botànica farmacèutica. També s’ha pretès motivar els estudiants a través del retorn de part del seu esforç a la societat a través d’una experiència d’Aprenentatge-Servei, deixant disponible finalment el treball dels estudiants per a poder ser consultable a través d’una Web pública amb la possibilitat de poder-ho fer in-situ en el propi jardí mitjançant codis QR amb un smartphone

The evolution of the ventilatory ratio is a prognostic factor in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ARDS patients

Background: Mortality due to COVID-19 is high, especially in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. The purpose of the study is to investigate associations between mortality and variables measured during the first three days of mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19 intubated at ICU admission. Methods: Multicenter, observational, cohort study includes consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to 44 Spanish ICUs between February 25 and July 31, 2020, who required intubation at ICU admission and mechanical ventilation for more than three days. We collected demographic and clinical data prior to admission; information about clinical evolution at days 1 and 3 of mechanical ventilation; and outcomes. Results: Of the 2,095 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU, 1,118 (53.3%) were intubated at day 1 and remained under mechanical ventilation at day three. From days 1 to 3, PaO2/FiO2 increased from 115.6 [80.0-171.2] to 180.0 [135.4-227.9] mmHg and the ventilatory ratio from 1.73 [1.33-2.25] to 1.96 [1.61-2.40]. In-hospital mortality was 38.7%. A higher increase between ICU admission and day 3 in the ventilatory ratio (OR 1.04 [CI 1.01-1.07], p = 0.030) and creatinine levels (OR 1.05 [CI 1.01-1.09], p = 0.005) and a lower increase in platelet counts (OR 0.96 [CI 0.93-1.00], p = 0.037) were independently associated with a higher risk of death. No association between mortality and the PaO2/FiO2 variation was observed (OR 0.99 [CI 0.95 to 1.02], p = 0.47). Conclusions: Higher ventilatory ratio and its increase at day 3 is associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation at ICU admission. No association was found in the PaO2/FiO2 variation

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio