92 research outputs found

    A Parametric Study of Oxygen Ion Cyclotron Harmonic Wave Excitation and Polarization by an Oxygen Ring Distribution

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    Oxygen ion cyclotron harmonic (OCH) waves are electromagnetic emissions with frequencies near the harmonics of the oxygen ion cyclotron frequency. They are ubiquitously observed in the Earth’s magnetosphere. These waves can be excited by an energetic O+ ring distribution. Here, we perform a parametric study of OCH waves by an O+ ring distribution. We investigate the effects of ring concentration (ηho), velocity (vr), temperature (Tr), total O+ concentration (ηo), and wave normal angles (WNAs) on the wave growth rate and polarization. We find that four-wave modes are related to OCH waves. The growth rates and frequency range increase with ηho and ηo and decrease with Tr. The peak growth rate roughly follows the first peak of Jn2 (square of the Bessel function corresponding to the O+ ring) or cold plasma wave modes, which can be used to explain the vr and WNA dependences. OCH waves shift from the transverse mode to the compressional mode as vr increases. This work used TACC to perform particle-in-cell (PIC) simulation (part of Figure 1 of this work) and was published in Journal of Geophysical Research-Space Physics.Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC

    Wave-induced loss of ultra-relativistic electrons in the Van Allen radiation belts.

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    The dipole configuration of the Earth's magnetic field allows for the trapping of highly energetic particles, which form the radiation belts. Although significant advances have been made in understanding the acceleration mechanisms in the radiation belts, the loss processes remain poorly understood. Unique observations on 17 January 2013 provide detailed information throughout the belts on the energy spectrum and pitch angle (angle between the velocity of a particle and the magnetic field) distribution of electrons up to ultra-relativistic energies. Here we show that although relativistic electrons are enhanced, ultra-relativistic electrons become depleted and distributions of particles show very clear telltale signatures of electromagnetic ion cyclotron wave-induced loss. Comparisons between observations and modelling of the evolution of the electron flux and pitch angle show that electromagnetic ion cyclotron waves provide the dominant loss mechanism at ultra-relativistic energies and produce a profound dropout of the ultra-relativistic radiation belt fluxes

    Muon reconstruction performance of the ATLAS detector in proton–proton collision data at √s = 13 TeV

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    This article documents the performance of the ATLAS muon identification and reconstruction using the LHC dataset recorded at √s = 13 TeV in 2015. Using a large sample of J/ψ→ΌΌ and Z→ΌΌ decays from 3.2 fb−1 of pp collision data, measurements of the reconstruction efficiency, as well as of the momentum scale and resolution, are presented and compared to Monte Carlo simulations. The reconstruction efficiency is measured to be close to 99% over most of the covered phase space (|η| 2.2, the pT resolution for muons from Z→ΌΌ decays is 2.9 % while the precision of the momentum scale for low-pT muons from J/ψ→ΌΌ decays is about 0.2%

    Measurement of the bb̄ dijet cross section in pp collisions at √s = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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    The dijet production cross section for jets containing a b-hadron (b-jets) has been measured in proton–proton collisions with a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 7 TeV, using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The data used correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.2fb −Âč. The cross section is measured for events with two identified b-jets with a transverse momentum pT>20 GeV and a minimum separation in the η–ϕ plane of ΔR=0.4. At least one of the jets in the event is required to have pT>270 GeV. The cross section is measured differentially as a function of dijet invariant mass, dijet transverse momentum, boost of the dijet system, and the rapidity difference, azimuthal angle and angular distance between the b-jets. The results are compared to different predictions of leading order and next-to-leading order perturbative quantum chromodynamics matrix elements supplemented with models for parton-showers and hadronization

    Study of the rare decays of B 0 s Bs0 and B 0 B0 into muon pairs from data collected during the LHC Run 1 with the ATLAS detector

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    A study of the decays B 0 s →Ό + ÎŒ − Bs0→Ό+Ό− and B 0 →Ό + ÎŒ − B0→Ό+Ό− has been performed using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 25 fb −1 −1 of 7 and 8 TeV proton–proton collisions collected with the ATLAS detector during the LHC Run 1. For the B 0 B0 dimuon decay, an upper limit on the branching fraction is set at B(B 0 →Ό + ÎŒ − )<4.2×10 −10 B(B0→Ό+Ό−)<4.2×10−10 at 95 % confidence level. For B 0 s Bs0, the branching fraction B(B 0 s →Ό + ÎŒ − )=(0.9 +1.1 −0.8 )×10 −9 B(Bs0→Ό+Ό−)=(0.9−0.8+1.1)×10−9 is measured. The results are consistent with the Standard Model expectation with a p value of 4.8 %, corresponding to 2.0 standard deviations

    Measurement of the angular coefficients in Z-boson events using electron and muon pairs from data taken at √s=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

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    The angular distributions of Drell-Yan charged lepton pairs in the vicinity of the Z-boson mass peak probe the underlying QCD dynamics of Z-boson production. This paper presents a measurement of the complete set of angular coefficients A0−7 describing these distributions in the Z-boson Collins-Soper frame. The data analysed correspond to 20.3 fb−1 of pp collisions at s√=8s=8 TeV, collected by the ATLAS detector at the CERN LHC. The measurements are compared to the most precise fixed-order calculations currently available (O(α2s))(O(αs2)) and with theoretical predictions embedded in Monte Carlo generators. The measurements are precise enough to probe QCD corrections beyond the formal accuracy of these calculations and to provide discrimination between different parton-shower models. A significant deviation from the (O(α2s))(O(αs2)) predictions is observed for A0 − A2. Evidence is found for non-zero A5,6,7, consistent with expectations

    Constraints on new phenomena via Higgs boson couplings and invisible decays with the ATLAS detector

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    Abstract: The ATLAS experiment at the LHC has measured the Higgs boson couplings and mass, and searched for invisible Higgs boson decays, using multiple production and decay channels with up to 4.7 fb−1 of pp collision data at−1at TeV. In the current study, the measured production and decay rates of the observed Higgs boson in the γγ, ZZ, W W , ZÎł, bb, τ τ , and ΌΌ decay channels, along with results from the associated production of a Higgs boson with a top-quark pair, are used to probe the scaling of the couplings with mass. Limits are set on parameters in extensions of the Standard Model including a composite Higgs boson, an additional electroweak singlet, and two-Higgs-doublet models. Together with the measured mass of the scalar Higgs boson in the γγ and ZZ decay modes, a lower limit is set on the pseudoscalar Higgs boson mass of mA&gt; 370 GeV in the “hMSSM” simplified Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model. Results from direct searches for heavy Higgs bosons are also interpreted in the hMSSM. Direct searches for invisible Higgs boson decays in the vector-boson fusion and associated production of a Higgs boson with W/Z (Z → ℓℓ, W/Z → jj) modes are statistically combined to set an upper limit on the Higgs boson invisible branching ratio of 0.25. The use of the measured visible decay rates in a more general coupling fit improves the upper limit to 0.23, constraining a Higgs portal model of dark matter.[Figure not available: see fulltext.

    Transverse momentum, rapidity, and centrality dependence of inclusive charged-particle production in √snn = 5.02 TeV p + Pb collisions measured by the ATLAS experiment

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    Measurements of the per-event charged-particle yield as a function of the charged-particle transverse momentum and rapidity are performed using p + Pb collision data collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of √snn = 5.02 TeV. Charged particles are reconstructed over pseudorapidity | η | &lt; 2.3 and transverse momentum between 0.1 GeV and 22 GeV in a dataset corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1 ÎŒb − 1. The results are presented in the form of charged-particle nuclear modification factors, where the p + Pb charged-particle multiplicities are compared between central and peripheral p + Pb collisions as well as to charged-particle cross sections measured in pp collisions. The p + Pb collision centrality is characterized by the total transverse energy measured in − 4.9 &lt; η &lt; − 3.1, which is in the direction of the outgoing lead beam. Three different estimations of the number of nucleons participating in the p + Pb collision are carried out using the Glauber model and two Glauber–Gribov colour-fluctuation extensions to the Glauber model. The values of the nuclear modification factors are found to vary significantly as a function of rapidity and transverse momentum. A broad peak is observed for all centralities and rapidities in the nuclear modification factors for charged-particle transverse momentum values around 3 GeV. The magnitude of the peak increases for more central collisions as well as rapidity ranges closer to the direction of the outgoing lead nucleus

    Corrigendum to: “Measurement of the tt ̄ production cross-section using eÎŒ events with b-tagged jets in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector” [Phys. Lett. B 761 (2016) 136–157]

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    This paper describes a measurement of the inclusive top quark pair production cross-section (sigma(t (t) over bar)) with a data sample of 3.2fb(-1)of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of root s= 13TeV, collected in 2015 by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. This measurement uses events with an opposite-charge electron-muon pair in the final state. Jets containing b-quarks are tagged using an algorithm based on track impact parameters and reconstructed secondary vertices. The numbers of events with exactly one and exactly two b-tagged jets are counted and used to determine simultaneously sigma(t (t) over bar) and the efficiency to reconstruct and b-tag a jet from a top quark decay, thereby minimising the associated systematic uncertainties. The cross-section is measured to be:sigma(t (t) over bar) = 818 +/- 8 (stat) +/- 27 (syst) +/- 19 (lumi) +/- 12 (beam) pb,where the four uncertainties arise from data statistics, experimental and theoretical systematic effects, the integrated luminosity and the LHC beam energy, giving a total relative uncertainty of 4.4%. The result is consistent with theoretical QCD calculations at next-to-next-to-leading order. A fiducial measurement corresponding to the experimental acceptance of the leptons is also presented

    Search for pair and single production of new heavy quarks that decay to a Z boson and a third-generation quark in pp collisions at √s = 8TeV with the ATLAS detector

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    A search is presented for the production of new heavy quarks that decay to a Z boson and a third-generation Standard Model quark. In the case of a new charge +2/3 quark (T), the decay targeted is T -&gt; Zt, while the decay targeted for a new charge -1/3 quark (B) is B -&gt; Zb. The search is performed with a dataset corresponding to 20.3 fb(-1) of p p collisions at root s = 8TeV recorded in 2012 with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Selected events contain a high transverse momentum Z boson candidate reconstructed from a pair of oppositely charged same-flavor leptons (electrons or muons), and are analyzed in two channels defined by the absence or presence of a third lepton. Hadronic jets, in particular those with properties consistent with the decay of a b-hadron, are also required to be present in selected events. Different requirements are made on the jet activity in the event in order to enhance the sensitivity to either heavy quark pair production mediated by the strong interaction, or single production mediated by the electroweak interaction. No significant excess of events above the Standard Model expectation is observed, and lower limits are derived on the mass of vector-like T and B quarks under various branching ratio hypotheses, as well as upper limits on the magnitude of electroweak coupling parameters
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