The work of Gregory Bateson in the context of contemporary culturology

Cílem této práce je tak předvedení způsobu, jakým Bateson konceptualizoval tématické okruhy relevantní pro současnou kulturologii s akcentem na jeho přínos pro sociokulturní antropologii, psychologii kultury, kulturní ekologii, biokulturologii a filozofii člověka a kultury. Domnívám se, že Batesonův způsob myšlení odhalující souvislosti napříč různými popisnými úrovněmi sociokulturní reality může být inspirativní pro jakoukoli interdisciplinárně koncipovanou vědu o člověku.The thesis is an attempt to relate the work of Gregory Bateson to the concept of culturology as it is being developed at the Department of Cultural Studies at the Faculty of Philosophy and Arts at Charles University in Prague. It consists of three relatively independent parts each of them dealing with particular science with which Bateson was concerned - anthropology, psychology and ecology. In the first part, notions of function, cultural structure, ethos, eidos and schismogenesis are discussed. It is asserted that Bateson's anthropological work represents integration of British functionalism and American configurationism and that the concept of cultural structure anticipates French structuralism. The second part is concerned with Bateson's concepts developed during the forties and fifties which related mostly to psychological topics, especially his best known double bind theory. It also treats Russell's type theory that plays a central role in most of Bateson's works. And finally, the ecological part deals with Bateson's epistemology and evolutionary theory. In addition to his major epistemological notions - "a difference which makes a difference" and the fundamental distinction of Pleroma versus Creatura, which he borrowed from famous Swiss psychologist Carl Gustav Jung - his picture of new...Ústav etnologieInstitute of EthnologyFaculty of ArtsFilozofická fakult

HYDROTERMÁLNÍ ASOCIACE NA ŽILÁCH V KLASTICKÝCH HORNINÁCH SPODNÍHO KARBONU DRAHANSKÉ A ZÁBŘEŽSKÉ VRCHOVINY: GENETICKÉ ASPEKTY

Hydrothermal veins occurred in the Lower Carboniferous siliciclastics of the Drahany and Zábřeh Upland and have been investigated by several methods: optic, structural and petrography, geochemistry and microthermometry. The principal aim of the study was to reveal the main precipitation conditions and to distinguish different generations of veins. The attention was concentrated on post-Variscan veins and their gangue minerals, especially on carbonates (calcites). Their optical and chemical characteristics, stable isotope signature and fluid inclusions have been studied. Only few samples contained hydrothermal sulphides. The older vein system, most likely late Variscan, has mineral assemblage: quartz ± calcite ± chlorite ± sulphides (pyrite). Minerals display a severe deformation and calcites are fine grained with a low intensity of cathodoluminescence. Post-Variscan generations of veins have the mineral assemblage with calcite - barite - sulphides (sphalerite, galena, chalcopyrite, pyrite-markazite) ± quartz ± fluorite ± siderite. Hydrothermal phases are coarser grained and the vein direction coincide with regional faults (NW-SE, NNE-SSW, NE-SW). The main post-Variscan population of calcites precipitated from solutions of H2O - NaCl ± CaCl2 ± KCl ± MgCl2 ± FeCl2 type under low temperatures within a range of 60-90°C. One of the younger aqueous hydrothermal systems contain also higher liquid hydrocarbons displaying light blue fluorescence. Isotopic composition of parent fluids were about values of d18O from 0 to ­10  SMOW, what is indicative for transformed basinal brines originated from sea or partly meteoric waters

A new approach to the assessment of the reduction in visibility caused by fires of electrical cables

Electricity is the most important form of household energy and one of the most important forms of energy for industry and transport. Electrical distribution in construction and transport is almost exclusively implemented using electrical cables. One of the unresolved problems associated with electrical cables is the release of smoke and the resulting reduction of visibility in case of fire in the area. In this study, a new approach was developed to assess the reduction of visibility in an area affected by an electrical cable fire. This approach is based on the determination of the critical ratio of smoke volume (in the smoke layer and exhausted from the fire compartment) to the length of the burning cable, through which the visibility of reflective and illuminated signs was reduced to a lower limit value (a standard of 10 m). The input data for this approach was the extinction area of the smoke released from one meter of burning cable and the length of the cables in the area. This approach was used to test two power cables (CHKE-V J3x1.5 and CHKE-R J3x1.5) and one signal cable J-H(St)H 1 x 2 x 0.8 with the B2(ca), s1, d1, a1 fire reaction class. The smoke extinction area of the examined cables was determined using a cone calorimeter at a heat flux of 50 kW/m(2). The obtained data showed that in order to maintain a visibility of 10 m for reflective signs, the critical ratio of smoke volume to length of burning cable was 7.5 m(3)/m. For illuminated signs, the critical ratio was 2.8 m(3)/m. The relationship between burning length and visibility allows the calculation of visibility in the fire compartment affected by cable fire only from cables length.Web of Science53art. no. 4

Proteomic Signatures of Human Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipocytes

Context: Adipose tissue distribution is a key factor influencing metabolic health and risk in obesity-associated comorbidities. Objective: Here we aim to compare the proteomic profiles of mature adipocytes from different depots. Methods: Abdominal subcutaneous (SA) and omental visceral adipocytes (VA) were isolated from paired adipose tissue biopsies obtained during bariatric surgery on 19 severely obese women (body mass index > 30 kg/m(2)) and analyzed using state-of-the-art mass spectrometry. Differential expression analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) were performed to investigate proteome signature properties and to examine a possible association of the protein expression with the clinical data. Results: We identified 3686 protein groups and found 1140 differentially expressed proteins (adj. P value < 0.05), of which 576 proteins were upregulated in SA and 564 in VA samples. We provide a global protein profile of abdominal SA and omental VA, present the most differentially expressed pathways and processes distinguishing SA from VA, and correlate them with clinical and body composition data. We show that SA are significantly more active in processes linked to vesicular transport and secretion, and to increased lipid metabolism activity. Conversely, the expression of proteins involved in the mitochondria! energy metabolism and translational or biosynthetic activity is higher in VA. Conclusion: Our analysis represents a valuable resource of protein expression profiles in abdominal SA and omental VA, highlighting key differences in their role in obesity

The 2018 European heatwave led to stem dehydration but not to consistent growth reductions in forests

Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).Heatwaves exert disproportionately strong and sometimes irreversible impacts on forest ecosystems. These impacts remain poorly understood at the tree and species level and across large spatial scales. Here, we investigate the effects of the record-breaking 2018 European heatwave on tree growth and tree water status using a collection of high-temporal resolution dendrometer data from 21 species across 53 sites. Relative to the two preceding years, annual stem growth was not consistently reduced by the 2018 heatwave but stems experienced twice the temporary shrinkage due to depletion of water reserves. Conifer species were less capable of rehydrating overnight than broadleaves across gradients of soil and atmospheric drought, suggesting less resilience toward transient stress. In particular, Norway spruce and Scots pine experienced extensive stem dehydration. Our high-resolution dendrometer network was suitable to disentangle the effects of a severe heatwave on tree growth and desiccation at large-spatial scales in situ, and provided insights on which species may be more vulnerable to climate extremes.Peer reviewe

Centrality evolution of the charged-particle pseudorapidity density over a broad pseudorapidity range in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76TeV

Peer reviewe

Human resources management in medium-size organization

Import 20/04/2006Prezenční výpůjčk

Návrh na řešení otvírky, přípravy a dobývání separátní pánvičky ...

Import 20/04/2006Prezenční výpůjčkaVysoká škola báňská. Fakulta hornicko-geologická. Katedra (523) hlubinného dobývání ložise

Řízení lidských zdrojů ve střední organizaci

Prezenční výpůjčk

Bioanthropology: a transdisciplinary project of Gregory Bateson

Marek K u č e r a Bioanthropology: A Transdisciplinary Project of Gregory Bateson ABSTRACT The dissertation thesis deals with the work of Anglo-American anthropologist and cybernetician Gregory Bateson. It follows Danish biologist Jesper Hoffmeyer in seeing it as an example of a bioanthropological approach, the approach being defined as a position that sees mind as a particular example of nature that is in a deep sense itself minded. Besides the necessary biographical section the thesis consists of two major parts. The first one consists in exposition of Bateson's anthropological and psychiatric concepts, the second one represents an evaluation and interpretation of Bateson's final synthesis at the highest level of abstraction: the notion of equivalence of biological and epistemological realms of explanation. The major aim of the thesis is to present Bateson's work as a way of integration of humanities and social sciences with biological science that represents an alternative to sociobiological and other neo-darwinian approaches. KEY WORDS: Bateson, bioanthropology, evolution, min