321 research outputs found
Search for lepton flavor violating decays of a heavy neutral particle in p-pbar collisions at root(s)=1.8 TeV
We report on a search for a high mass, narrow width particle that decays
directly to e+mu, e+tau, or mu+tau. We use approximately 110 pb^-1 of data
collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab from 1992 to 1995. No evidence
of lepton flavor violating decays is found. Limits are set on the production
and decay of sneutrinos with R-parity violating interactions.Comment: Figure 2 fixed. Reference 4 fixed. Minor changes to tex
Computer Algorithms To Detect Bloodstream Infections
Automated bloodstream infection surveillance using electronic data is an accurate alternative to surveillance using manually collected data
Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of asthma in ethnically diverse North American populations.
Asthma is a common disease with a complex risk architecture including both genetic and environmental factors. We performed a meta-analysis of North American genome-wide association studies of asthma in 5,416 individuals with asthma (cases) including individuals of European American, African American or African Caribbean, and Latino ancestry, with replication in an additional 12,649 individuals from the same ethnic groups. We identified five susceptibility loci. Four were at previously reported loci on 17q21, near IL1RL1, TSLP and IL33, but we report for the first time, to our knowledge, that these loci are associated with asthma risk in three ethnic groups. In addition, we identified a new asthma susceptibility locus at PYHIN1, with the association being specific to individuals of African descent (P = 3.9 × 10(-9)). These results suggest that some asthma susceptibility loci are robust to differences in ancestry when sufficiently large samples sizes are investigated, and that ancestry-specific associations also contribute to the complex genetic architecture of asthma
Pathophysiological mechanisms for the respiratory syncytial virus-reactive airway disease link
There is substantial epidemiological evidence supporting the concept that respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) lower respiratory tract infection in infancy may be linked to the development of reactive airway disease (RAD) in childhood. However, much less is known concerning the mechanisms by which this self-limiting infection leads to airway dysfunction that persists long after the virus is cleared from the lungs. A better understanding of the RSV–RAD link may have important clinical implications, particularly because prevention of RSV lower respiratory tract infection may reduce the occurrence of RAD later in life. Among the mechanisms proposed to explain the chronic sequelae of RSV infection is the interaction between the subepithelial neural network of the airway mucosa and the cellular effectors of inflammatory and immune responses to the virus. The body of clinical literature linking RSV and RAD is reviewed herein, as are the cellular and molecular mechanisms of neuroimmune interactions and neural remodeling that may underlie this link, and the possibility that preventing the infection may result in a decreased incidence of its chronic sequelae
Spin alignment measurements using vector mesons with ALICE detector at the LHC
We present new measurements related to spin alignment of K*(0) vector
mesons at mid-rapidity for Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76 and
5.02 TeV. The spin alignment measurements are carried out with respect
to production plane and 2nd order event plane. At low p(T) the spin
density matrix element rho(00) for K*(0) is found to have values
slightly below 1/3, while it is consistent with 1/3, i.e. no spin
alignment, at high p(T). Similar values of rho(00) are observed with
respect to both production plane and event plane. Within statistical and
systematic uncertainties, rho(00) values are also found to be
independent of root s(NN). rho(00) also shows centrality dependence with
maximum deviation from 1/3 for mid-central collisions with respect to
both the kinematic planes. The measurements for K*(0) in pp collisions
at root s = 13 TeV and for K-s(0) (a spin 0 hadron) in 20-40\% central
Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV are consistent with no spin
alignment
Muon physics at forward rapidity with the ALICE detector upgrade
ALICE is the experiment specifically designed to study the Quark-Gluon
Plasma (QGP) in heavy-ion collisions at the CERN LHC. The ALICE detector
will be upgraded during the Long Shutdown 2, planned for 2019-2020, in
order to cope with the maximum interaction rate of 50 kHz of Pb-Pb
collisions foreseen for Runs 3 and 4. The ambitious programme of
high-precision measurements, expected for muon physics after 2020,
requires an upgrade of the front-end and readout electronics of the
existing Muon Spectrometer. This concerns the Cathode Pad Chambers (CPC)
used for tracking and the Resistive Plate Chambers (RPC) used for
triggering and for muon identification. The Muon Forward Tracker (MFT),
an internal tracker added in front of the front absorber of the existing
Muon Spectrometer, is also part of the ALICE detector upgrade programme.
It is based on an assembly of circular planes made of Monolithic Active
Pixel Sensors (MAPS), covering the pseudorapidity range 2.5 < eta < 3.6.
The MFT will improve present measurements and enable new ones. A
selection of results from physics performance studies will be presented,
together with an overview of the technical aspects of the upgrade
project
Higher moment fluctuations of identified particle distributions from ALICE
Cumulants of conserved charges fluctuations are regarded as a potential tool
to study the criticality in the QCD phase diagram and to determine the
freeze-out parameters in a model-independent way. At LHC energies, the
measurements of the ratio of the net-baryon (net-proton) cumulants can be used
to test the lattice QCD predictions. In this work, we present the first
measurements of cumulants of the net-proton number distributions up to
order in Pb--Pb collisions at = 2.76 and 5.02 TeV as a
function of collision centrality. We compare our cumulant ratios results with
the STAR experiment net-proton results measured in the first phase of the Beam
Energy Scan program at RHIC. The results can be used to obtain the chemical
freeze-out parameters at LHC.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of XXVIIth International Conference
on Ultrarelativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 2018
Direct photon elliptic flow in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76 TeV
The elliptic flow of inclusive and direct photons was measured at mid-rapidity in two centrality classes 0-20% and 20-40% in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV by ALICE. Photons were detected with the highly segmented electromagnetic calorimeter PHOS and via conversions in the detector material with the e(broken vertical bar)e pairs reconstructed in the central tracking system. The results of the two methods were combined and the direct-photon elliptic flow was extracted in the transverse momentum range 0.9 < p(T) < 6.2 GeV/c. A comparison to RHIC data shows a similar magnitude of the measured direct-photon elliptic flow. Hydrodynamic and transport model calculations are systematically lower than the data, but are found to be compatible. (C) 2018 The Author. Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe
Measuring (KSK +/-)-K-0 interactions using pp collisions at root s=7 TeV
We present the first measurements of femtoscopic correlations between the K-S(0) and K-+/- particles in pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV measured by the ALICE experiment. The observed femtoscopic correlations are consistent with final-state interactions proceeding solely via the a(0)(980) resonance. The extracted kaon source radius and correlation strength parameters for (KSK-)-K-0 are found to be equal within the experimental uncertainties to those for (KSK+)-K-0. Results of the present study are compared with those from identical-kaon femtoscopic studies also performed with pp collisions at root s = 7 TeV by ALICE and with a (KSK +/-)-K-0 measurement in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV. Combined with the Pb-Pb results, our pp analysis is found to be compatible with the interpretation of the a (980) having a tetraquark structure instead of that of a diquark. (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe
Open heavy-flavour production and elliptic flow in p-Pb collisions at the LHC with ALICE
Measurements of open heavy flavour production in p-A collisions allow
the investigation of Cold Nuclear Matter effects. In addition, they are
an important tool for a complementary investigation of the long-range
correlations found in small systems in the light flavour sector. In this
work, production measurements of D mesons at mid-rapidity in p-Pb
collisions at root S-NN = 5.02 TeV are reported. Production yields are
also reported for the heavy-flavour hadron decay electrons at central
rapidity at root(SNN) = 5.02 and 8.16 TeV. The elliptic flow (nu(2)) of
heavy-flavour hadron decay electrons in high multiplicity p-Pb
collisions at root(SNN) = 5.02 TeV is found to be positive with a
significance larger than 5 sigma
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