Gambling taxation in today’s Russia : principles, practices and actual figures

The article is devoted to today's situation and prospects for the development of gambling taxation in the country. The gambling industry is continually developed. Currently, this type of entrepreneurial activities can be found almost throughout the Russian Federation. But the problem of gambling industry is associated, to a large extent, with the fact that it is rather difficult to control the income and expense of bookmakers, owners of casinos and slot machines. Insufficient transparency of gambling industry leads to new restrictions or prohibitions by the state, instead of implementing an effective taxation system. As the objects for the study, the authors selected the main elements of the tax on gambling. In this article the dynamics of the number of taxpayers, subjects of taxation and amount of budget income by taxing the gambling industry over time is analysed. As a result of the study the problems of gambling taxation are defined and their possible solutions are proposed.peer-reviewe

SELECTION OF THE OPTIMAL HOMOGENEOUS RADIATIONSHIELDING MATERIALS FOR ISOTOPES 135Xe, 137Xe, 138Xe DEPENDING ON THICKNESS

The paper considers the need for radiation protection. The results of works on designing the optimal composition of homogeneous radiation-shielding materials adapted to the specific composition of the radioactive contamination of NPP. Calculated gamma radiation extinction coefficients for various radiation-shielding materials depending on their thickness for minimization resource costs.В работе рассмотрена необходимость применения радиационной защиты. Приведены результаты работы по проектированию оптимального состава гомогенных защитных материалов, адаптированных к конкретному составу радиоактивных загрязнений АЭС. Рассчитаны толщины различных радиационно-защитных материалов в зависимости от коэффициента ослабления гамма-излучения для минимизации ресурсных затрат

Performance of the CMS Cathode Strip Chambers with Cosmic Rays

The Cathode Strip Chambers (CSCs) constitute the primary muon tracking device in the CMS endcaps. Their performance has been evaluated using data taken during a cosmic ray run in fall 2008. Measured noise levels are low, with the number of noisy channels well below 1%. Coordinate resolution was measured for all types of chambers, and fall in the range 47 microns to 243 microns. The efficiencies for local charged track triggers, for hit and for segments reconstruction were measured, and are above 99%. The timing resolution per layer is approximately 5 ns

Performance and Operation of the CMS Electromagnetic Calorimeter

The operation and general performance of the CMS electromagnetic calorimeter using cosmic-ray muons are described. These muons were recorded after the closure of the CMS detector in late 2008. The calorimeter is made of lead tungstate crystals and the overall status of the 75848 channels corresponding to the barrel and endcap detectors is reported. The stability of crucial operational parameters, such as high voltage, temperature and electronic noise, is summarised and the performance of the light monitoring system is presented

Advances in Social Media Research:Past, Present and Future

Social media comprises communication websites that facilitate relationship forming between users from diverse backgrounds, resulting in a rich social structure. User generated content encourages inquiry and decision-making. Given the relevance of social media to various stakeholders, it has received significant attention from researchers of various fields, including information systems. There exists no comprehensive review that integrates and synthesises the findings of literature on social media. This study discusses the findings of 132 papers (in selected IS journals) on social media and social networking published between 1997 and 2017. Most papers reviewed here examine the behavioural side of social media, investigate the aspect of reviews and recommendations, and study its integration for organizational purposes. Furthermore, many studies have investigated the viability of online communities/social media as a marketing medium, while others have explored various aspects of social media, including the risks associated with its use, the value that it creates, and the negative stigma attached to it within workplaces. The use of social media for information sharing during critical events as well as for seeking and/or rendering help has also been investigated in prior research. Other contexts include political and public administration, and the comparison between traditional and social media. Overall, our study identifies multiple emergent themes in the existing corpus, thereby furthering our understanding of advances in social media research. The integrated view of the extant literature that our study presents can help avoid duplication by future researchers, whilst offering fruitful lines of enquiry to help shape research for this emerging field

CMS physics technical design report : Addendum on high density QCD with heavy ions

Peer reviewe

Calibration of the CMS Drift Tube Chambers and Measurement of the Drift Velocity with Cosmic Rays

Peer reviewe

CMS Data Processing Workflows during an Extended Cosmic Ray Run

Peer reviewe

Aligning the CMS Muon Chambers with the Muon Alignment System during an Extended Cosmic Ray Run

Peer reviewe

Alignment of the CMS silicon tracker during commissioning with cosmic rays

The CMS silicon tracker, consisting of 1440 silicon pixel and 15 148 silicon strip detector modules, has been aligned using more than three million cosmic ray charged particles, with additional information from optical surveys. The positions of the modules were determined with respect to cosmic ray trajectories to an average precision of 3-4 microns RMS in the barrel and 3-14 microns RMS in the endcap in the most sensitive coordinate. The results have been validated by several studies, including laser beam cross-checks, track fit self-consistency, track residuals in overlapping module regions, and track parameter resolution, and are compared with predictions obtained from simulation. Correlated systematic effects have been investigated. The track parameter resolutions obtained with this alignment are close to the design performance