Learning together for and with the Martuwarra Fitzroy River

Co-production across scientific and Indigenous knowledge systems has become a cornerstone of research to enhance knowledge, practice, ethics, and foster sustainability transformations. However, the profound differences in world views and the complex and contested histories of nation-state colonisation on Indigenous territories, highlight both opportunities and risks for Indigenous people when engaging with knowledge co-production. This paper investigates the conditions under which knowledge co-production can lead to improved Indigenous adaptive environmental planning and management among remote land-attached Indigenous peoples through a case study with ten Traditional Owner groups in the Martuwarra (Fitzroy River) Catchment in Western Australia’s Kimberley region. The research team built a 3D map of the river and used it, together with an interactive table-top projector, to bring together both scientific and Indigenous spatial knowledge. Participatory influence mapping, aligned with Traditional Owner priorities to achieve cultural governance and management planning goals set out in the Fitzroy River Declaration, investigated power relations. An analytical framework, examining underlying mechanisms of social learning, knowledge promotion and enhancing influence, based on different theories of change, was applied to unpack the immediate outcomes from these activities. The analysis identified that knowledge co-production activities improved the accessibility of the knowledge, the experiences of the knowledge users, strengthened collective identity and partnerships, and strengthened Indigenous-led institutions. The focus on cultural governance and management planning goals in the Fitzroy River Declaration enabled the activities to directly affect key drivers of Indigenous adaptive environmental planning and management—the Indigenous-led institutions. The nation-state arrangements also gave some support to local learning and decision-making through a key Indigenous institution, Martuwarra Fitzroy River Council. Knowledge co-production with remote land-attached Indigenous peoples can improve adaptive environmental planning and management where it fosters learning together, is grounded in the Indigenous-led institutions and addresses their priorities

LEARN: A multi-centre, cross-sectional evaluation of Urology teaching in UK medical schools

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the status of UK undergraduate urology teaching against the British Association of Urological Surgeons (BAUS) Undergraduate Syllabus for Urology. Secondary objectives included evaluating the type and quantity of teaching provided, the reported performance rate of General Medical Council (GMC)-mandated urological procedures, and the proportion of undergraduates considering urology as a career. MATERIALS AND METHODS: LEARN was a national multicentre cross-sectional study. Year 2 to Year 5 medical students and FY1 doctors were invited to complete a survey between 3rd October and 20th December 2020, retrospectively assessing the urology teaching received to date. Results are reported according to the Checklist for Reporting Results of Internet E-Surveys (CHERRIES). RESULTS: 7,063/8,346 (84.6%) responses from all 39 UK medical schools were included; 1,127/7,063 (16.0%) were from Foundation Year (FY) 1 doctors, who reported that the most frequently taught topics in undergraduate training were on urinary tract infection (96.5%), acute kidney injury (95.9%) and haematuria (94.4%). The most infrequently taught topics were male urinary incontinence (59.4%), male infertility (52.4%) and erectile dysfunction (43.8%). Male and female catheterisation on patients as undergraduates was performed by 92.1% and 73.0% of FY1 doctors respectively, and 16.9% had considered a career in urology. Theory based teaching was mainly prevalent in the early years of medical school, with clinical skills teaching, and clinical placements in the later years of medical school. 20.1% of FY1 doctors reported no undergraduate clinical attachment in urology. CONCLUSION: LEARN is the largest ever evaluation of undergraduate urology teaching. In the UK, teaching seemed satisfactory as evaluated by the BAUS undergraduate syllabus. However, many students report having no clinical attachments in Urology and some newly qualified doctors report never having inserted a catheter, which is a GMC mandated requirement. We recommend a greater emphasis on undergraduate clinical exposure to urology and stricter adherence to GMC mandated procedures

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

Measurement of the inclusive isolated-photon cross section in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV using 36 fb−1 of ATLAS data

The differential cross section for isolated-photon production in pp collisions is measured at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC using an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb. The differential cross section is presented as a function of the photon transverse energy in different regions of photon pseudorapidity. The differential cross section as a function of the absolute value of the photon pseudorapidity is also presented in different regions of photon transverse energy. Next-to-leading-order QCD calculations from Jetphox and Sherpa as well as next-to-next-to-leading-order QCD calculations from Nnlojet are compared with the measurement, using several parameterisations of the proton parton distribution functions. The predictions provide a good description of the data within the experimental and theoretical uncertainties. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

The IDENTIFY study: the investigation and detection of urological neoplasia in patients referred with suspected urinary tract cancer - a multicentre observational study

Objective To evaluate the contemporary prevalence of urinary tract cancer (bladder cancer, upper tract urothelial cancer [UTUC] and renal cancer) in patients referred to secondary care with haematuria, adjusted for established patient risk markers and geographical variation. Patients and Methods This was an international multicentre prospective observational study. We included patients aged ≥16 years, referred to secondary care with suspected urinary tract cancer. Patients with a known or previous urological malignancy were excluded. We estimated the prevalence of bladder cancer, UTUC, renal cancer and prostate cancer; stratified by age, type of haematuria, sex, and smoking. We used a multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression to adjust cancer prevalence for age, type of haematuria, sex, smoking, hospitals, and countries. Results Of the 11 059 patients assessed for eligibility, 10 896 were included from 110 hospitals across 26 countries. The overall adjusted cancer prevalence (n = 2257) was 28.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 22.3–34.1), bladder cancer (n = 1951) 24.7% (95% CI 19.1–30.2), UTUC (n = 128) 1.14% (95% CI 0.77–1.52), renal cancer (n = 107) 1.05% (95% CI 0.80–1.29), and prostate cancer (n = 124) 1.75% (95% CI 1.32–2.18). The odds ratios for patient risk markers in the model for all cancers were: age 1.04 (95% CI 1.03–1.05; P < 0.001), visible haematuria 3.47 (95% CI 2.90–4.15; P < 0.001), male sex 1.30 (95% CI 1.14–1.50; P < 0.001), and smoking 2.70 (95% CI 2.30–3.18; P < 0.001). Conclusions A better understanding of cancer prevalence across an international population is required to inform clinical guidelines. We are the first to report urinary tract cancer prevalence across an international population in patients referred to secondary care, adjusted for patient risk markers and geographical variation. Bladder cancer was the most prevalent disease. Visible haematuria was the strongest predictor for urinary tract cancer

The Use of Orchestration and Structure in the Exploration of Fluid Musical Hierarchies.

Openness and ideas of multiplicity were significant developments in various creative disciplines that surfaced in the latter half of the twentieth century. In music, these concepts, which were pioneered by members of the New York School of composers, manifested in a range of compositional approaches including the exploration of indeterminacy (as applied to the form or content of a musical work), open systems of notation, flexible ensemble sizes, and the use of found objects. These works are often dependent on the symbiotic relationship between the composer and performer: the composer, in relinquishing some control, invites the performer to be a part of the creative process. The nature of the open work invites a dynamic range of more or less anarchic relationships between the composer, performer, listener, and the sounds themselves. Through the creation of a diverse folio of works, this research aims to explore fluid musical hierarchies through the use of various systems of open notation. These works draw and expand upon both historical and contemporary practices in defining a personal compositional vocabulary in a twenty-first-century Australian context. This research explores concepts such as nonlinear models of musical time; open, flexible, and 'found' instrumentation; mobile and flexible formal structures; in addition to open and flexible notations. The works in the attached portfolio provide the opportunity for multiple possible outcomes or interpretations and ultimately explore a collaborative and inclusive approach to composition. The accompanying thesis is divided into four main areas of discussion: Contextualising Openness, Modes of Musical Openness, the Discussion of the Portfolio, and Conclusions. The opening section introduces the concept of openness as it can be applied to various creative, philosophical, and social arenas, with a particular focus on temporal openness and aural nonlinearity. Modes of Musical Openness explores techniques found in the current literature, each of which affords the performer varying degrees of freedom. This includes an investigation of openness as applied to instrumentation, musical form, and open notation. The Discussion of the Portfolio analyses each of the attached sixteen compositions, placing them within a historical context and demonstrating ways that openness has been utilised and expanded upon. The document closes by presenting the conclusions of this research, drawing together the main concepts evident in the body of the document, briefly touching on the wider consequences of this compositional approach, and presenting possible areas for future research

The complexity of voice effects on attitudes towards the New Zealand Police : a matter of experience.

Recent linguistic and psychological research has shown that voice can influence listeners’ processing of unrelated stimuli on a semantic level (Hatzidak et al., 2015) and can affect both their implicit and explicit attitudes towards the social membership categories associated with that voice (Pantos, 2014; MacFarlane, 2014). Yet, little is known about the extent to which the audio prime can activate other attitudes that are not directly associated with another semantically. This research takes the first steps towards addressing this gap in the applied context of citizens’ level of perceived fairness and trust in the New Zealand Police. Should attitude priming be activated by perceived ethnicity, this could represent a detrimental and negative reinforcement effect in bicultural Police relations with Māori iwi. Respondents were randomly allocated to one of four voice conditions (in a factorial design of Māori-NZE ethnicity and gender) or to a text control condition, in an online survey distributed across New Zealand, with a total of 367 responses qualifying for analysis. Attitudes of trust and fairness (Tyler, 2001, 2005; Jackson & Bradford, 2010) were measured across scaled responses to statements, taken from the Citizen Satisfaction Survey (CSS) (Gravitas, 2017) and previous Māori-Police relations focus group research (Maxwell & Smith, 1998; Te Whaiti & Roguski, 1998). These groupings were verified by Cronbach’s alpha and Principle Component Analysis - with trust representing a more distant response variable to the perceived ethnicity priming stimuli, whilst fairness was assumed to be more semantically associated with the stimuli prime. Two baseline measures of trust and fairness, adapted from the CSS, were also considered. An exploratory analysis was performed as exampled by Tagliamonte & Baayen, (2012); using two disparate yet complimentary statistical approaches, Random Forest and linear regression modelling, where condition (audio or text), perceived ethnicity and stimuli gender were potential predictors, alongside the respondent demographic variables. The results indicate that, as with satisfaction surveys across the world, citizens’ attitudes towards the Police are heavily dependent upon their previous contact. Yet, opinions are also subject to an overall audio priming effect, with respondents being more likely to report higher levels of trust and perceived fairness in an audio condition than in the text control condition. This has implications for policing research in general, with the recommendation that future surveys observe the mode of questioning (e.g. telephone interview or online survey) as a factor when reporting on trust measures. Also consistent with the Police literature (c.f. (Alberton & Gorey, 2018; Skogan, 2006), respondents dissatisfied with their recent Police experience, had a larger, more significant and reliable effect than respondents who were satisfied and there was a higher percentage of dissatisfied respondents in this survey than in the CSS. Crucially, both Random Forests and linear models revealed that the priming effect of audio across trust and fairness was most prominent for dissatisfied respondents. The mode of stimuli also interacted with dissatisfied respondents’ level of involvement within the Māori community (MII Index: Szakay, 2007), with trust scores increasing alongside the MII score but only in the text condition (p <0.05). Conversely, an increasing MII score independently predicted lower trust scores. The MII measurement was also a significant independent predictor for perceived fairness and thus suggests that a binary classification of Māori-non Māori ethnicity may not be sufficient in New Zealand Police satisfaction research. Finally, the participant’s Island location (North or South) was a significant predictor overall for trust and also interacted with the mode of stimuli for dissatisfied respondents, with those in the South Island being significantly (p <0.01) more likely to have more trust in the text condition than those in the North who appeared to trust more in the audio conditions. Perceived ethnicity of the stimuli was only found to be significant (p <0.01) for dissatisfied respondents in the measure of fairness through the PCA analysis, where those who perceived the ethnicity to be any other than Māori or NZE scored lower in perceived fairness. Thus, this partially supports the hypothesis that priming of the stimuli is more likely when the response is semantically related, whilst the concepts of ethnicity and the Police overall may be too distant for such effects to occur in the broader trust measure. The gender of the stimuli also had a small effect across overall survey agreement but only for those who were victims of crime, with respondents perceiving stimuli the stimuli as female being more likely to agree than those perceiving the stimuli as male. However, given that the linear models revealed significant individual variation across participants and the random forests echoed the overarching weight of police contact on all attitudinal responses, any priming effects associated with voice attributes and social membership can only be taken as tentative findings of a small-scale study

The impact of cancer-related fertility concerns on current and future couple relationships : people with cancer and partner perspectives

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine how cancer-related fertility concerns impact on couple relationships from the perspectives of people with cancer (PWC) and partners of people with cancer. Methods: A qualitative research design was used, drawing data from open-ended responses to a survey and in-depth individual interviews. Eight hundred and seventy-eight PWC (693 women, 185 men) and 144 partners (82 women, 62 men), across a range of tumour types and age groups, completed a survey, and 78 PWC (61 women and 17 men) and 26 partners (13 women and 13 men), participated in semi-structured interviews. Results: Thematic analysis identified that many PWC and partners experience a ‘double burden’, manifested by cancer-related fertility concerns creating relational stress, changes to couple sexual intimacy and feelings of inadequacy when forming new relationships. However, many participants adopted strategies to facilitate coping with infertility or fertility concerns. This included acceptance of infertility and privileging of survival, focusing on relationship growth, optimism and nurturing in other ways. Conclusion: Cancer-related fertility concerns can have a significant impact on couple relationships. Psychological support from clinicians may facilitate couple coping, as well as help to address concerns about future relationships for un-partnered people with cancer