Entrepreneurship Performance Deutscher Hochschulen 2023: Munich Impact Study

Ziele Neben den traditionellen Aufgaben von Forschung und Lehre etabliert sich bei Hochschulen zunehmend die "Third Mission“ als zusätzliche Aufgabe, d.h. der Technologie- und Wissenstransfer in die Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft z.B. über die Ausbildung zukünftiger Gründer:innen und die Förderung von entstehenden Startups. Die Wichtigkeit der Innovationskraft deutscher Hochschulen spiegelt sich zum Beispiel auch in der Verabschiedung des Bayerischen Hochschulinnovationsgesetzes wider, welches explizit die Gründung von Unternehmen aus Hochschulen fördern soll. Die Studie zur Entrepreneurship Performance Deutscher Hochschulen hat das Ziel, die Entrepreneurship Performance aller Hochschulen in Deutschland als Teil der "Third Mission“ zu quantifizieren und zu vergleichen. Damit soll die Studie als Orientierung für Akteure in der Hochschulleitung, in der Hochschulpolitik und Gründer:innen dienen. Methode und Daten - Basierend auf Daten des Handelsregisters über StartupDetector sowie der Plattform Dealroom wurden 27.988 von 2014 bis 2022 in Deutschland gegründete Startups identifiziert (davon wurde für 4.305 Startups mindestens eine Finanzierungsrunde verzeichnet). Auf Basis der Angaben zu Ausbildung und Arbeitserfahrung der Gründer:innen in LinkedIn und Dealroom, der Startup-Webseiten, sowie über Suchmaschinen-Ergebnisse wurden die Startups 296 Deutschen Hochschulen zugeordnet. Die Anzahl der einer Hochschule zugeordneten Startups wurde mit der jeweiligen Studierendenzahl, Mitarbeitendenzahl und dem Etat der Hochschule relativiert (Daten des Statistischen Bundesamts). Wichtigste Ergebnisse - Im absoluten Ranking schneidet die TU München (810 Startups), gefolgt von der TU Berlin (446) und der LMU München (397) am besten ab. In den relativen Rankings führen ausschließlich private Hochschulen wie ESCP (112 Startups / 973 Studierende), HHL (70 / 659) und WHU (136 / 1.878). Die Universität Potsdam bringt die meisten Startups (40% aller Startups) mit mindestens einer Frau im Gründungsteam hervor. Von insgesamt 539 als Deep Tech klassifizierten Startups können 64 der TU München zugeordnet werden, gefolgt von der TU Berlin mit 33. Die meisten (81%) der Gründer:innen bleiben nach ihrem Abschluss in Berlin zur Unternehmensgründung, München hält 64% der Gründer:innen. Im Europäischen Vergleich der gründungsstärksten Hochschulen findet sich die erste Deutsche Hochschule auf Platz 11, im internationalen Vergleich auf Platz 31

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Search for heavy resonances decaying to two Higgs bosons in final states containing four b quarks

A search is presented for narrow heavy resonances X decaying into pairs of Higgs bosons (H) in proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC at root s = 8 TeV. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb(-1). The search considers HH resonances with masses between 1 and 3 TeV, having final states of two b quark pairs. Each Higgs boson is produced with large momentum, and the hadronization products of the pair of b quarks can usually be reconstructed as single large jets. The background from multijet and t (t) over bar events is significantly reduced by applying requirements related to the flavor of the jet, its mass, and its substructure. The signal would be identified as a peak on top of the dijet invariant mass spectrum of the remaining background events. No evidence is observed for such a signal. Upper limits obtained at 95 confidence level for the product of the production cross section and branching fraction sigma(gg -> X) B(X -> HH -> b (b) over barb (b) over bar) range from 10 to 1.5 fb for the mass of X from 1.15 to 2.0 TeV, significantly extending previous searches. For a warped extra dimension theory with amass scale Lambda(R) = 1 TeV, the data exclude radion scalar masses between 1.15 and 1.55 TeV

Search for supersymmetry in events with one lepton and multiple jets in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

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Measurement of the top quark forward-backward production asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric and chromomagnetic moments in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Abstract The parton-level top quark (t) forward-backward asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric (d̂ t) and chromomagnetic (μ̂ t) moments have been measured using LHC pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected in the CMS detector in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The linearized variable AFB(1) is used to approximate the asymmetry. Candidate t t ¯ events decaying to a muon or electron and jets in final states with low and high Lorentz boosts are selected and reconstructed using a fit of the kinematic distributions of the decay products to those expected for t t ¯ final states. The values found for the parameters are AFB(1)=0.048−0.087+0.095(stat)−0.029+0.020(syst),μ̂t=−0.024−0.009+0.013(stat)−0.011+0.016(syst), and a limit is placed on the magnitude of | d̂ t| < 0.03 at 95% confidence level. [Figure not available: see fulltext.

Measurement of the top quark mass using charged particles in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV

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Measurement of t(t)over-bar normalised multi-differential cross sections in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV, and simultaneous determination of the strong coupling strength, top quark pole mass, and parton distribution functions

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An embedding technique to determine ττ backgrounds in proton-proton collision data

An embedding technique is presented to estimate standard model tau tau backgrounds from data with minimal simulation input. In the data, the muons are removed from reconstructed mu mu events and replaced with simulated tau leptons with the same kinematic properties. In this way, a set of hybrid events is obtained that does not rely on simulation except for the decay of the tau leptons. The challenges in describing the underlying event or the production of associated jets in the simulation are avoided. The technique described in this paper was developed for CMS. Its validation and the inherent uncertainties are also discussed. The demonstration of the performance of the technique is based on a sample of proton-proton collisions collected by CMS in 2017 at root s = 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 41.5 fb(-1).Peer reviewe

Measurement of the Splitting Function in &ITpp &ITand Pb-Pb Collisions at root&ITsNN&IT=5.02 TeV

Data from heavy ion collisions suggest that the evolution of a parton shower is modified by interactions with the color charges in the dense partonic medium created in these collisions, but it is not known where in the shower evolution the modifications occur. The momentum ratio of the two leading partons, resolved as subjets, provides information about the parton shower evolution. This substructure observable, known as the splitting function, reflects the process of a parton splitting into two other partons and has been measured for jets with transverse momentum between 140 and 500 GeV, in pp and PbPb collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV per nucleon pair. In central PbPb collisions, the splitting function indicates a more unbalanced momentum ratio, compared to peripheral PbPb and pp collisions.. The measurements are compared to various predictions from event generators and analytical calculations.Peer reviewe

Search for Physics beyond the Standard Model in Events with Overlapping Photons and Jets

Results are reported from a search for new particles that decay into a photon and two gluons, in events with jets. Novel jet substructure techniques are developed that allow photons to be identified in an environment densely populated with hadrons. The analyzed proton-proton collision data were collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC, in 2016 at root s = 13 TeV, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1). The spectra of total transverse hadronic energy of candidate events are examined for deviations from the standard model predictions. No statistically significant excess is observed over the expected background. The first cross section limits on new physics processes resulting in such events are set. The results are interpreted as upper limits on the rate of gluino pair production, utilizing a simplified stealth supersymmetry model. The excluded gluino masses extend up to 1.7 TeV, for a neutralino mass of 200 GeV and exceed previous mass constraints set by analyses targeting events with isolated photons.Peer reviewe