14 research outputs found

    PROFANITY IN SUICIDE SQUAD AND DEADPOOL 2: A STUDY OF TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES

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    This study aims to find out the translation techniques used by the translator to do the act of censorship in translating the subtitle in Suicide Squad and Deadpool 2 movies. This study also analyzes the translation shift in the subtitle and acceptability of the translation. This study employs a qualitative method of data collection and analysis informed by Pinker’s (2007) profanity classification according to its purpose, Molina and Albir’s (2002) concept of translation and Newmark’s (1988; 1981) concept of transposition and translation acceptability. The study found five types of profanity based on its purpose in 213 utterances spoken by the movie characters and 11 translation techniques applied to those utterances. Those five types of profanity include idiomatically, abusively, cathartically, descriptively, and emphatically in the two movies. The study also found four types of translation shifts (automatic, grammatical structure, natural grammatical, & lexical gap) as a means of maintaining the meanings of the source language (SL). The meanings shift as a result of an act of translation censorship strategies. The study shows that transferring meaning into other languages such as in the process of subtitling translation could incur potential changes in meaning

    Pengembangan Alat Ukur Kesejahteraan Psikologis Remaja dalam Lingkup Keluarga

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    Berbagai teori kesejahteraan psikologis telah berkembang namun instrument pengukurannya belum spesifik pada peran keluarga. Keluarga ini sangat penting karena keluarga adalah lingkungan terdekat anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan instrumen kesejahteraan psikologis di keluarga. Pengembangan instrumen ini menggunakan teori dari kesejahteraan psikologis Ryff. Skala kesejahteraan psikologis remaja di dalam keluarga ini diuji validitas dengan validitas isi menggunakan expert judgement dan dihitung CVI dengan rumus Aiken. Aitem yang valid Kemudian diuji-cobakan 138 responden dengan kriteria remaja akhir di daerah Surakarta. Pemilihan responden dengan purposive sampling. Data Kemudian dianalisis reliabilitasnya dengan Aiteman. Hasil perhitngan uji validitas dan reliabilitas didapatkan 50 aitem skala kesejahteraan psikologis remaja dalam keluarga ini valid, dengan nilai validitas 0,80-1,00; dan reliabel dengan nilai koefisien reliabilitas 0,965

    Pengetahuan, Sikap, dan Praktik tentang Contact Tracing Covid-19

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    Pendahuluan: Berdasarkan identifikasi dan analisis masalah, peneliti menemukan kurang maksimalnya pelaksanaan tracing COVID-19 sebagai prioritas masalah. Per bulan Juli 2021, dari 416 kasus aktif di Kec. Bogor Selatan, hanya terdapat 13 kontak erat saja yang tercatat. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui gambaran pengetahuan, sikap, dan praktik terkait pelaksanaan tracing COVID-19 pada Masyarakat Kelurahan Muarasari serta melakukan upaya intervensi untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap masyarakat. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional dan dianalisis secara univariat dan bivariat pada Juli-Oktober 2021. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh masyarakat Muarasari sedangkan sampel penelitian ini merupakan masyarakat berusia lebih dari 20 tahun selain nakes. Penyelenggaraan intervensi dilakukan melalui zoom meeting dan whatsapp grup bertema “Jadilah PAHLAWAN : Bantu putus rantai penularan Covid-19”. Hasil dan Pembahasan: Hasil diperoleh dari 31 orang responden kuesioner sebelum intervensi menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan yang baik sebesar 83.9%, sikap positif 90.3%, dan perilaku cukup 77.4%. Uji bivariat hanya menghasilkan pendapatan pribadi yang memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan pengetahuan terkait tracing COVID-19. Terjadi peningkatan proporsi responden berpengetahuan cukup 6% dan sikap positif 10% (p<0.05). Kesimpulan dan Saran: Tingkat pengetahuan, sikap, perilaku masyarakat sudah cukup baik.  Intervensi telah mampu meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap masyarakat. Permasalahan tracing yang rendah kemungkinan tidak hanya bersumber dari kurangnya partisipasi masyarakat, SDM yang kurang juga berpotensi menghambat pelaksanaan pelacakan kontak sehingga diperlukan tenaga tracer yang memadai.Kata Kunci: Pengetahuan; Sikap; Praktik; Pelacakan Kontak; COVID-1

    Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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    BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

    Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

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    Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication

    Profanity in Suicide Squad and Deadpool 2: A Study of Translation Techniques

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    This study aims to find out the translation techniques used by the translator to do the act of censorship in translating the subtitle in Suicide Squad and Deadpool 2 movies. This study also analyzes the translation shift in the subtitle and acceptability of the translation. This study employs a qualitative method of data collection and analysis informed by Pinker’s (2007) profanity classification according to its purpose, Molina and Albir’s (2002) concept of translation and Newmark’s (1988; 1981) concept of transposition and translation acceptability. The study found five types of profanity based on its purpose in 213 utterances spoken by the movie characters and 11 translation techniques applied to those utterances. Those five types of profanity include idiomatically, abusively, cathartically, descriptively, and emphatically in the two movies. The study also found four types of translation shifts (automatic, grammatical structure, natural grammatical, lexical gap) as a means of maintaining the meanings of the source language (SL). The meanings shift as a result of an act of translation censorship strategies. The study shows that transferring meaning into other languages such as in the process of subtitling translation could incur potential changes in meaning. Keywords: censorship, profanity, translation techniques, translation shift, translation acceptability.

    Karakterisasi 3d-Printed Scaffold Pla Mandibula Terlapisi Hidroksiapatit-Kitosan-Agnps

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    Osteomyelitis merupakan inflamasi tulang yang terjadi setelah infeksi kronis dan disebabkan oleh bakteri Staphylococcus aureus atau bakteri anaerob lain. Osteomyelitis yang terjadi pada mandibula menyebabkan tulang menjadi rapuh dan memiliki lubang-lubang yang apabila tidak ditangani dengan baik dapat terjadi fraktur patologis yang mengganggu fungsi mandibula dan estetika wajah. Penelitian bertujuan membahas pengaruh hidroksiapatit, kitosan, dan AgNPs dari berbagai jurnal terhadap struktur morfologi, porositas, kuat tekan, hidrofilisitas, sifat antibakteri, tingkat proliferasi, dan diferensiasi sel yang berpotensi sebagai pelapis scaffold PLA 3D-printed mandibula yang mengalami osteomyelitis. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi terhadap artikel jurnal bereputasi internasional yang didapat dari Sciencedirect maupun National Center for Biotechnology Information. Hasil review menunjukkan bahwa scaffold PLA terlapisi kitosan dan hidroksiapatit memiliki struktur berpori yang terinterkoneksi dengan permukaan dinding pori kasar. Porositas PLA yang dimodifikasi dengan kitosan dan hidroksiapatit bervariasi antara 26% hingga 96%. Pelapisan scaffold dengan hidroksiapatit dan kitosan dapat menurunkan porositas. Nilai modulus tekan scaffold PLA dari berbagai metode sintesis berada dalam rentang nilai modulus tekan mandibula asli. Modifikasi permukaan dengan hidroksiapatit dan kitosan terbukti mampu meningkatkan hidrofilisitas PLA. Penambahan AgNPs lebih dari 1% sebagai pelapis terbukti dapat meningkatkan sifat antibakteri dan menghambat pembentukan biofilm. PLA yang dimodifikasi dengan hidroksiapatit dan kitosan terbukti mampu meningkatkan proliferasi human bone marrow stem cells dan sel MG-63 mirip osteoblas manusia serta menunjukkan performa yang sangat baik dalam meningkatkan kemampuan diferensiasi sel tulang setelah diuji secara in vitro dan in vivo. Dengan demikian, dapat dinyatakan bahwa hidroksiapatit, kitosan, dan AgNPs berpotensi besar digunakan sebagai pelapis scaffold PLA 3D-printed untuk rekonstruksi mandibula yang mengalami osteomyeliti

    STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PEMASARAN HOTEL ARTOTEL YOGYAKARTA DALAM MENINGKATKAN KESADARAN MEREK

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    Peneliti pada penelitian ini tertarik untuk mengetahui strategi komunikasi pemasaran yang dilakukan oleh Artotel Yogyakarta untuk dapat meningkatkan kesadaran merek (brand awareness). Artotel Yogyakarta merupakan hotel baru yang mulai beroperasi tahun 2017 dan merupakan hotel unik yang ada di Yogyakarta. Artotel merupakan boutique hotel yang mengangkat konsep seni. Artotel Yogyakarta sebagai hotel baru tentunya ingin memperkenalkan diri sehingga masyarakat dapat mengetahui keberadaan dan keunikannya. Jenis penelitian pada penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dan penentuan subjek penelitian ditentukan dengan beberapa kriteria. Teknik pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah model interaktif yang disampaikan oleh Huberman dan Miles, dan tringulasi data yang digunakan adalah tringulasi penggunaan sumber. Srategi komunikasi pemasaran di Artotel Yogyakarta dijalankan oleh depertment sales & marketing. Strategi komunikasi pemasaran yang dilakukan memiliki aturan dan tahapan pelaksanaan yang terstruktur dan terperinci. Artotel Yogyakarta memperhatikan tujuan yang ingin dicapai, pemosisian merek, target sasaran yang dituju beserta karakternya, tindakan yang diharapkan untuk dilakukan oleh target sasaran, dan strategi penganggaran. Artotel Yogyakarta juga memperhatikan strategi pesan dan strategi media komunikasi pemasaran yang digunakan. Bentuk komunikasi pemasaran yang digunakan antara lain penjualan perseorangan, iklan, promosi penjualan, pemasaran sponsorship, publisitas, komunikasi pemasaran di tempat pembelian, dan internet

    Pola Penggunaan Anti Mikrob pada Peternakan Mandiri Ayam Broiler di Kabupaten Bogor

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    Penggunaan anti mikrob dapat menyebabkan terjadinya resistansi anti mikrob baik di sektor peternakan maupun dalam hal kesehatan manusia. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran dan mengukur frekuensi pemberian anti mikrob di peternakan ayam broiler dan melihat hubungan penggunaan anti mikrob dengan tingkat kematian. Studi dilakukan tahun 2019-2022, di 19 peternakan ayam broiler mandiri di Kabupaten Bogor dengan total pengamatan 89 periode produksi. Data yang dikumpulkan yaitu jenis anti mikrob dan frekuensi pemberian kemudian dianalisis menggunakan perhitungan used daily dose (UDD) dan treatment frequency (TF). Hubungan penggunaan anti mikrob dengan tingkat kematian dianalisis menggunakan regresi linear. Pemberian antibotik di peternakan berdasarkan saran dari pemilik (15,8%), technical service/TS (36,8%) dan petugas penyuluh lapang/PPL (47,4%). Diantaranya hanya 1 orang yang merupakan dokter hewan (5,3%). Rata-rata frekuensi pemberian anti mikrob dalam sehari (TFUDD) di peternakan adalah 10,5 kali. Dari semua anti mikrob yang digunakan 60,5% termasuk dalam kategori prioritas paling tinggi untuk anti mikrob yang sangat penting bagi manusia (HPCIA). Tujuan pemberian anti mikrob mayoritas untuk pencegahan (82,7%) dan frekuensi pemberian paling banyak pada minggu pertama untuk menekan tingkat kematian. Tidak ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara frekuensi pemberian anti mikrob dan tingkat kematian pada minggu pertama periode produksi (p&gt;0,05). Penggunaan anti mikrob sebagian besar dilakukan tanpa konsultasi dengan dokter hewan. Frekuensi pemberian anti mikrob sebagian besar dari kategori HPCIA dan tujuan penggunaannya untuk pencegahan. Tinggi atau rendahnya frekuensi pemberian anti mikrob pada minggu pertama tidak berhubungan dengan penurunan tingkat kematian.Penggunaan anti mikrob dapat menyebabkan terjadinya resistansi anti mikrob baik di sektor peternakan maupun dalam hal kesehatan manusia. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran dan mengukur frekuensi pemberian anti mikrob di peternakan ayam broiler dan melihat hubungan penggunaan anti mikrob dengan tingkat kematian. Studi dilakukan tahun 2019-2022, di 19 peternakan ayam broiler mandiri di Kabupaten Bogor dengan total pengamatan 89 periode produksi. Data yang dikumpulkan yaitu jenis anti mikrob dan frekuensi pemberian kemudian dianalisis menggunakan perhitungan used daily dose (UDD) dan treatment frequency (TF). Hubungan penggunaan anti mikrob dengan tingkat kematian dianalisis menggunakan regresi linear. Pemberian antibotik di peternakan berdasarkan saran dari pemilik (15,8%), technical service/TS (36,8%) dan petugas penyuluh lapang/PPL (47,4%). Diantaranya hanya 1 orang yang merupakan dokter hewan (5,3%). Rata-rata frekuensi pemberian anti mikrob dalam sehari (TFUDD) di peternakan adalah 10,5 kali. Dari semua anti mikrob yang digunakan 60,5% termasuk dalam kategori prioritas paling tinggi untuk anti mikrob yang sangat penting bagi manusia (HPCIA). Tujuan pemberian anti mikrob mayoritas untuk pencegahan (82,7%) dan frekuensi pemberian paling banyak pada minggu pertama untuk menekan tingkat kematian. Tidak ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara frekuensi pemberian anti mikrob dan tingkat kematian pada minggu pertama periode produksi (p&gt;0,05). Penggunaan anti mikrob sebagian besar dilakukan tanpa konsultasi dengan dokter hewan. Frekuensi pemberian anti mikrob sebagian besar dari kategori HPCIA dan tujuan penggunaannya untuk pencegahan. Tinggi atau rendahnya frekuensi pemberian anti mikrob pada minggu pertama tidak berhubungan dengan penurunan tingkat kematian

    Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in children : an international, multicentre, prospective cohort study

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    Introduction Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). However, there is a lack of data available about SSI in children worldwide, especially from low-income and middle-income countries. This study aimed to estimate the incidence of SSI in children and associations between SSI and morbidity across human development settings. Methods A multicentre, international, prospective, validated cohort study of children aged under 16 years undergoing clean-contaminated, contaminated or dirty gastrointestinal surgery. Any hospital in the world providing paediatric surgery was eligible to contribute data between January and July 2016. The primary outcome was the incidence of SSI by 30 days. Relationships between explanatory variables and SSI were examined using multilevel logistic regression. Countries were stratified into high development, middle development and low development groups using the United Nations Human Development Index (HDI). Results Of 1159 children across 181 hospitals in 51 countries, 523 (45 center dot 1%) children were from high HDI, 397 (34 center dot 2%) from middle HDI and 239 (20 center dot 6%) from low HDI countries. The 30-day SSI rate was 6.3% (33/523) in high HDI, 12 center dot 8% (51/397) in middle HDI and 24 center dot 7% (59/239) in low HDI countries. SSI was associated with higher incidence of 30-day mortality, intervention, organ-space infection and other HAIs, with the highest rates seen in low HDI countries. Median length of stay in patients who had an SSI was longer (7.0 days), compared with 3.0 days in patients who did not have an SSI. Use of laparoscopy was associated with significantly lower SSI rates, even after accounting for HDI. Conclusion The odds of SSI in children is nearly four times greater in low HDI compared with high HDI countries. Policies to reduce SSI should be prioritised as part of the wider global agenda.Peer reviewe
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