Biologic effects of light: An enlighting prospective

During the past several decades our knowledge on the effects of light on human health and its underlying mechanisms has been expanded exponentially. These findings have led to an enormous scientific progress including new concepts for prevention and treatment of many diseases such as autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular disease, skin cancer and other malignancies. To summarize our present knowledge on this topic and to stimulate new research initiatives, an international symposium entitled Biologic Effects of Light, that was organized by J. Reichrath, Th. Vogt and M.F. Holick, and that was supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), was held June 11/12, 2015 in Homburg/Saar, Germany. This meeting was specially designed to offer scientists and clinicians a platform to discuss the latest developments in this intriguing research area. Plenary and Keynote lectures as well as Round Table Discussions gave an update on carefully selected hot topics, including Vitamin D, skin cancer prevention, UVA radiation and cellular homeostasis, photocarcinogenesis, and photochemical internalization (PCI). Some of the relevant findings and conclusions of this meeting are published in this issue of Anticancer Research (1-13) and can be summarized as follows

Erratum: Micromachined Fabry-Pérot Interferometer with Embedded Nanochannels for Nanoscale Fluid Dynamics

In ref 1, the erroneous numbers are not discussed in detail, yet we briefly noted, p 349, the observation of an enhanced ﬿lling speed with respect to the Lucas Washburn equation...

Micromachined Fabry-Perot interferometer with embedded nanochannels for nanoscale fluid dynamics

We describe a microfabricated Fabry-Pérot interferometer with nanochannels of various heights between 6 and 20 nm embedded in its cavity. By multiple beam interferometry, the device enables the study of liquid behavior in the nanochannels without using fluorescent substances. During filling studies of ethanol and water, an intriguing filling mode for partially wetting water was observed, tentatively attributed to the entrapment of a large amount of gas inside the channels

Acute myocardial infarction occurring in versus out of the hospital: patient characteristics and clinical outcome

AbstractOBJECTIVESWe describe the baseline characteristics and clinical course of patients who had an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) during their hospital stay.BACKGROUNDIn comparison with patients who had an AMI outside of the hospital (prehospital AMI), the data on patients who had an AMI in the hospital are poorly described.METHODSPatients with an in-hospital AMI were prospectively registered in the Southwest German Maximal Individual TheRapy in Acute myocardial infarction (MITRA) study and compared with patients with prehospital AMI.RESULTSOf 5,888 patients with AMI, 403 patients (6.8%) had an in-hospital AMI. These patients were older, more often male and sicker as compared with the patients with a prehospital AMI. They also showed a higher prevalence of concomitant diseases, such as arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, renal insufficiency and contraindications for thrombolysis. There was no significant difference regarding the use of reperfusion therapy, either thrombolysis (in-hospital AMI 44.2% vs. prehospital AMI 49.1%; odds ratio [OR] 0.86, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.70 to 1.05) or primary angioplasty (9.9% vs. 8.2%; OR 1.23, 95% CI 0.88 to 1.73), or a combination of both, between the two groups. The interval from symptom onset to the start of treatment in patients receiving reperfusion therapy was 55 min for patients with an in-hospital AMI versus 180 min for patients with a prehospital AMI (p = 0.001). In-hospital death occurred in 110 (27.3%) of 403 patients with an in-hospital versus 762 (13.9%) of 5,485 patients with a prehospital AMI (OR 2.33, 95% CI 1.85 to 2.94). This was confirmed by logistic regression analysis after adjusting for other confounding variables (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.23 to 2.24).CONCLUSIONSIn-hospital AMI occurred in 6.8% of patients. Time to intervention was shorter; however, the use of reperfusion therapy for in-hospital AMI was not different from that for prehospital AMI. In particular, primary angioplasty seems to be underused in these patients. This, as well as the selection of patients, may result in the high hospital mortality rate of 27.3%

Discovery of Yttrium, Zirconium, Niobium, Technetium, and Ruthenium Isotopes

Currently, thirty-four yttrium, thirty-five zirconium, thirty-four niobium, thirty-five technetium, and thirty-eight ruthenium isotopes have been observed and the discovery of these isotopes is discussed here. For each isotope a brief synopsis of the first refereed publication, including the production and identification method, is presented.Comment: To be published in Atomic Data and Nuclear Data Table

LSST: from Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products

(Abridged) We describe here the most ambitious survey currently planned in the optical, the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). A vast array of science will be enabled by a single wide-deep-fast sky survey, and LSST will have unique survey capability in the faint time domain. The LSST design is driven by four main science themes: probing dark energy and dark matter, taking an inventory of the Solar System, exploring the transient optical sky, and mapping the Milky Way. LSST will be a wide-field ground-based system sited at Cerro Pach\'{o}n in northern Chile. The telescope will have an 8.4 m (6.5 m effective) primary mirror, a 9.6 deg$^2$ field of view, and a 3.2 Gigapixel camera. The standard observing sequence will consist of pairs of 15-second exposures in a given field, with two such visits in each pointing in a given night. With these repeats, the LSST system is capable of imaging about 10,000 square degrees of sky in a single filter in three nights. The typical 5$\sigma$ point-source depth in a single visit in $r$ will be $\sim 24.5$ (AB). The project is in the construction phase and will begin regular survey operations by 2022. The survey area will be contained within 30,000 deg$^2$ with $\delta<+34.5^\circ$, and will be imaged multiple times in six bands, $ugrizy$, covering the wavelength range 320--1050 nm. About 90\% of the observing time will be devoted to a deep-wide-fast survey mode which will uniformly observe a 18,000 deg$^2$ region about 800 times (summed over all six bands) during the anticipated 10 years of operations, and yield a coadded map to $r\sim27.5$. The remaining 10\% of the observing time will be allocated to projects such as a Very Deep and Fast time domain survey. The goal is to make LSST data products, including a relational database of about 32 trillion observations of 40 billion objects, available to the public and scientists around the world.Comment: 57 pages, 32 color figures, version with high-resolution figures available from https://www.lsst.org/overvie

Observation of associated near-side and away-side long-range correlations in √sNN=5.02 TeV proton-lead collisions with the ATLAS detector

Two-particle correlations in relative azimuthal angle (Δϕ) and pseudorapidity (Δη) are measured in √sNN=5.02  TeV p+Pb collisions using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The measurements are performed using approximately 1  μb-1 of data as a function of transverse momentum (pT) and the transverse energy (ΣETPb) summed over 3.1<η<4.9 in the direction of the Pb beam. The correlation function, constructed from charged particles, exhibits a long-range (2<|Δη|<5) “near-side” (Δϕ∼0) correlation that grows rapidly with increasing ΣETPb. A long-range “away-side” (Δϕ∼π) correlation, obtained by subtracting the expected contributions from recoiling dijets and other sources estimated using events with small ΣETPb, is found to match the near-side correlation in magnitude, shape (in Δη and Δϕ) and ΣETPb dependence. The resultant Δϕ correlation is approximately symmetric about π/2, and is consistent with a dominant cos⁡2Δϕ modulation for all ΣETPb ranges and particle pT