143 research outputs found
Non SUSY Searches at the Tevatron
Recent results from searches for non-supersymmetric particles by the CDF and
D0 collaborations are reported. The sample taken during the RunII of the
Fermilab T eVatron collider at Ecms=1.96 TeV is used. The integrated luminosity
analyzed ranges from 300 to 1020 pb-1 depending on the search.}Comment: Proceedings of the 41st Rencontres de Moriond - QCD and high energy
hadronic interactions - La Thuile 18 - 25 march 200
SUSY Searches at the Tevatron
The results of search for Supersymmetry performed at the Tevatron Collider by
the CDF and D0 collaborations are summarized in this paper. No significant
deviations with respect to the Standard Model expectations were observed and
constraints were set on supersymmetric parameters.Comment: 46th Rencontres De Moriond On QCD And High Energy Interaction
Searching for sgluons in multitop events at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV
Large classes of new physics theories predict the existence of new scalar
states, commonly dubbed sgluons, lying in the adjoint representation of the QCD
gauge group. Since these new fields are expected to decay into colored Standard
Model particles, and in particular into one or two top quarks, these theories
predict a possible enhancement of the hadroproduction rate associated with
multitop final states. We therefore investigate multitop events produced at the
Large Hadron Collider, running at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, and employ
those events to probe the possible existence of color adjoint scalar particles.
We first construct a simplified effective field theory motivated by R-symmetric
supersymmetric models where sgluon fields decay dominantly into top quarks. We
then use this model to analyze the sensitivity of the Large Hadron Collider in
both a multilepton plus jets and a single lepton plus jets channel. After
having based our event selection strategy on the possible presence of two,
three and four top quarks in the final state, we find that sgluon-induced new
physics contributions to multitop cross sections as low as 10-100 fb can be
excluded at the 95% confidence level, assuming an integrated luminosity of 20
inverse fb. Equivalently, sgluon masses of about 500-700 GeV can be reached for
several classes of benchmark scenarios.Comment: 26 pages; 8 figures, 6 tables; version accepted by JHE
Bench-to-bedside review: Antidotal treatment of sulfonylurea-induced hypoglycaemia with octreotide
The major potential adverse effect of use of sulfonylurea agents (SUAs) is a hyperinsulinaemic state that causes hypoglycaemia. It may be observed during chronic therapeutic dosing, even with very low doses of a SUA, and especially in older patients. It may also result from accidental or intentional poisoning in both diabetic and nondiabetic patients. The traditional approach to SUA-induced hypoglycaemia includes administration of glucose, and glucagon or diazoxide in those who remain hypoglycaemic despite repeated or continuous glucose supplementation. However, these antidotal approaches are associated with several shortcomings, including further exacerbation of insulin release by glucose and glucagon, leading only to a temporary beneficial effect and later relapse into hypoglycaemia, as well as the adverse effects of both glucagon and diazoxide. Octreotide inhibits the secretion of several neuropeptides, including insulin, and has successfully been used to control life-threatening hypoglycaemia caused by insulinoma or persistent hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia of infancy. Therefore, this agent should in theory also be useful to decrease glucose requirements and the number of hypoglycaemic episodes in patients with SUA-induced hypoglycaemia. This has apparently been confirmed by experimental data, one retrospective study based on chart review, and several anecdotal case reports. There is thus a need for further prospective studies, which should be adequately powered, randomized and controlled, to confirm the probable beneficial effect of octreotide in this setting
Science review: Carnitine in the treatment of valproic acid-induced toxicity – what is the evidence?
Valproic acid (VPA) is a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug and is usually well tolerated, but rare serious complications may occur in some patients receiving VPA chronically, including haemorrhagic pancreatitis, bone marrow suppression, VPA-induced hepatotoxicity (VHT) and VPA-induced hyperammonaemic encephalopathy (VHE). Some data suggest that VHT and VHE may be promoted by carnitine deficiency. Acute VPA intoxication also occurs as a consequence of intentional or accidental overdose and its incidence is increasing, because of use of VPA in psychiatric disorders. Although it usually results in mild central nervous system depression, serious toxicity and even fatal cases have been reported. Several studies or isolated clinical observations have suggested the potential value of oral L-carnitine in reversing carnitine deficiency or preventing its development as well as some adverse effects due to VPA. Carnitine supplementation during VPA therapy in high-risk patients is now recommended by some scientific committees and textbooks, especially paediatricians. L-carnitine therapy could also be valuable in those patients who develop VHT or VHE. A few isolated observations also suggest that L-carnitine may be useful in patients with coma or in preventing hepatic dysfunction after acute VPA overdose. However, these issues deserve further investigation in controlled, randomized and probably multicentre trials to evaluate the clinical value and the appropriate dosage of L-carnitine in each of these conditions
Designing an optimal LSST deep drilling program for cosmology with type Ia supernovae
The Vera C. Rubin Observatory’s Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) is forecast to collect a large sample of
Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) expected to be instrumental in unveiling the nature of dark energy. The feat, however,
requires accurately measuring the two components of the Hubble diagram, distance modulus and redshift. Distance
is estimated from SN Ia parameters extracted from light-curve fits, where the average quality of light curves is
primarily driven by survey parameters. An optimal observing strategy is thus critical for measuring cosmological
parameters with high accuracy. We present in this paper a three-stage analysis to assess the impact of the deep
drilling (DD) strategy parameters on three critical aspects of the survey: redshift completeness, the number of wellmeasured SNe Ia, and cosmological measurements. We demonstrate that the current DD survey plans (internal
LSST simulations) are characterized by a low completeness (z ∼ 0.55–0.65), and irregular and low cadences
(several days), which dramatically decrease the size of the well-measured SN Ia sample. We propose a method
providing the number of visits required to reach higher redshifts. We use the results to design a set of optimized
DD surveys for SN Ia cosmology taking full advantage of spectroscopic resources for host galaxy redshift
measurements. The most accurate cosmological measurements are achieved with deep rolling surveys
characterized by a high cadence (1 day), a rolling strategy (at least two seasons of observation per field), and
ultradeep (z 0.8) and deep (z 0.6) fields. A deterministic scheduler including a gap recovery mechanism is
critical to achieving a high-quality DD survey
Design and evaluation of braced touch for touchscreen input stabilisation.
Incorporating touchscreen interaction into cockpit flight systems offers several potential advantages to aircraft manufacturers, airlines, and pilots. However, vibration and turbulence are challenges to reliable interaction. We examine the design space for braced touch interaction, which allows users to mechanically stabilise selections by bracing multiple fingers on the touchscreen before completing selection. Our goal is to enable fast and accurate target selection during high levels of vibration, without impeding interaction performance when vibration is absent. Three variant methods of braced touch are evaluated, using doubletap, dwell, or a force threshold in combination with heuristic selection criteria to discriminate intentional selection from concurrent braced contacts. We carried out an experiment to test the performance of these methods in both abstract selection tasks and more realistic flight tasks. The study results confirm that bracing improves performance during vibration, and show that doubletap was the best of the tested methods
LSST: from Science Drivers to Reference Design and Anticipated Data Products
(Abridged) We describe here the most ambitious survey currently planned in
the optical, the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST). A vast array of
science will be enabled by a single wide-deep-fast sky survey, and LSST will
have unique survey capability in the faint time domain. The LSST design is
driven by four main science themes: probing dark energy and dark matter, taking
an inventory of the Solar System, exploring the transient optical sky, and
mapping the Milky Way. LSST will be a wide-field ground-based system sited at
Cerro Pach\'{o}n in northern Chile. The telescope will have an 8.4 m (6.5 m
effective) primary mirror, a 9.6 deg field of view, and a 3.2 Gigapixel
camera. The standard observing sequence will consist of pairs of 15-second
exposures in a given field, with two such visits in each pointing in a given
night. With these repeats, the LSST system is capable of imaging about 10,000
square degrees of sky in a single filter in three nights. The typical 5
point-source depth in a single visit in will be (AB). The
project is in the construction phase and will begin regular survey operations
by 2022. The survey area will be contained within 30,000 deg with
, and will be imaged multiple times in six bands, ,
covering the wavelength range 320--1050 nm. About 90\% of the observing time
will be devoted to a deep-wide-fast survey mode which will uniformly observe a
18,000 deg region about 800 times (summed over all six bands) during the
anticipated 10 years of operations, and yield a coadded map to . The
remaining 10\% of the observing time will be allocated to projects such as a
Very Deep and Fast time domain survey. The goal is to make LSST data products,
including a relational database of about 32 trillion observations of 40 billion
objects, available to the public and scientists around the world.Comment: 57 pages, 32 color figures, version with high-resolution figures
available from https://www.lsst.org/overvie
Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector
A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements
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