Growth response of Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains to stressors associated to the vine cycle

Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolates from grapes, soil, vine bark and buds collected at seven phenological stages of an annual growth cycle, were molecular typed by Microsatellite Multiplex PCR. Subsequently 30 S. cerevisiae genotypes were selected and the effect of vineyard environmental stressors, in both sublethal upper and lower levels, on their growth parameters was evaluated. The effect of low and high temperature (7–40 ◦C), pH (2.5–8.0), glucose concentration (3.0–300.0 g/L), nitrogen concentration (0.008–8.0 g/L), and copper presence (24 mg/L) were modelled individually using the reparametrized Gompertz equation. Multivariate ANOVA and Generalized Procrustes Analysis were used to determine the environmental stressor’s influence over the lag phase (λ) and the maximum specific growth rate (μmax). Both parameters were significantly affected by the S. cerevisiae genotype, the treatments, and the interaction between them. Despite a generalized reduction in μmax and a variable answer in λ, the 30 S. cerevisiae genotypes were able to overcome all the treatments. Extreme glucose limitation, copper presence and low temperature had the highest impact over the growth parameters. Interestingly, ten genotypes mostly distributed in the vineyard were the least affected, suggesting a greater acclimatization fitness and the possibility to persist in the changing conditions of the vine annual cycle.EEA MendozaFil: Gonzalez, Magali Lucia Rosa. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Gonzalez, Magali Lucia Rosa. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Valero, Eva. Universidad Pablo de Olavide. Departamento de Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Bioquímica; EspañaFil: Chimeno, Selva Valeria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Garrido Fernandez, Antonio. Universidad Pablo de Olavide. Departamento de Biotecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de la Grasa (IG); España. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC); EspañaFil: Rodriguez Gomez, Francisco. Universidad Pablo de Olavide. Departamento de Biotecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de la Grasa (IG); España. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC); EspañaFil: Rojo, Cecilia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Rojo, Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Paolinelli, Marcos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Arroyo Lopez, Francisco Noe. Universidad Pablo de Olavide. Departamento de Biotecnología de Alimentos, Instituto de la Grasa (IG); España. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC); EspañaFil: Combina, Mariana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Mercado, Laura Analia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; Argentin

Oral Presentation No. 121. Aortic stiffness descriptors by cardiac magnetic resonance are correlated with mechanical testing of ex-vivo aortic aneurysms specimens

Background Aortic stiffness independently predicts mayor adverse cardiovascular events and mortality in the general population. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) permits the assessment of a number of parameters theoretically linked to aortic stiffness, such as distensibility (AD), pulse wave velocity (PWV) and proximal aorta longitudinal strain. However, no previous study validates these parameters as descriptors of aortic wall stiffness against ex-vivo mechanical testing. Materials and methods Ascending aorta (AAo) specimens were collected from 20 patients undergoing AAo replacement for aneurysms. Patients underwent a CMR protocol in the days leading to the surgery, including 4D flow CMR. Two 15×5 mm specimens (one oriented in the circumferential and the other in the longitudinal aortic direction) were extracted during surgery, and later tested controlling for extension force. Elongation was measured by laser video extensometer and the tangent of the stress-strain curve at diastolic pressure was extracted. AAo PWV and the Eh product (E being Young modulus and h wall thickness) were measured from 4D flow CMR while AD and AAo longitudinal were quantified from cine images. Results and conclusions Marked correlations were found between circumferential elastic modulus and AAo AD (R = −0.502), PWV(R = 0.652) and Eh (R = 0.602). Similarly, strong correlation was identified between AAo longitudinal strain and longitudinal elastic modulus(R = −0.513). In conclusion, PWV and the Eh product are positively related to aortic wall stiffness while aortic distensibility and strain show negative relationships. Thus, these biomarkers are a reliable expression of aortic wall stiffness

La variación en los parámetros de crecimiento de cepas Saccharomyces cerevisiae en respuesta a condiciones de estrés presentes durante el ciclo fenológico de la vid evidencia una aclimatación al nicho de viñedo

PosterLa producción de vid y la elaboración de vino constituyen dos actividades de amplia tradición e impacto económico en Mendoza, Argentina. La Zona Alta del Río Mendoza (ZARM) es la principal región vitícola donde se cultiva el Malbec, vino emblemático de Argentina. Saccharomyces cerevisiae es la principal responsable de la fermentación alcohólica del vino y en general, se acepta que el viñedo es el hábitat natural de las levaduras enológicas y que las uvas son la principal fuente de ellas. No obstante, la vid es una especie de hoja caduca y por ello necesita una secuencia específica de condiciones ambientales para renovar todos sus tejidos a través de un ciclo de crecimiento anual. Entonces, ¿qué sucede con las poblaciones de S. cerevisiae en los viñedos durante el ciclo de crecimiento anual de la vid? Esta pregunta plantea la posibilidad de que S. cerevisiae esté adaptada a hábitats ecológicos del viñedo distintos de las uvas, y que estos reservorios puedan constituir un refugio para las levaduras cuando la fruta no está disponible. Asimismo, dado que la tolerancia o resistencia al estrés ambiental tiene componentes tanto genéticos como ecológicos, es necesario estudiar el impacto de factores relacionados con las condiciones estacionales del ciclo anual de la vid para confirmar la adaptación de las cepas de S. cerevisiae a los nichos ecológicos del viñedo. El objetivo del presente estudio fue evaluar el efecto de los cambios estacionales del ciclo anual de la vid sobre el crecimiento de Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Se consideraron 10 condiciones de estrés subletal que reflejaran los cambios ambientales y del sustrato que se presentan en el viñedo. Se evaluó el efecto de: temperatura (7-40 °C), pH (2.5-8.0), concentración de glucosa (3-300 g. L-1), concentración de nitrógeno (0.008-8 g. L-1) y presencia de cobre (Cu2+,24 mg. L-1) sobre la cinética de crecimiento de un conjunto representativo de 30 cepas de S. cerevisiae, previamente aisladas de diferentes nichos ecológicos de un viñedo Malbec durante un ciclo completo de crecimiento de la vid. Los parámetros de crecimiento, fase de latencia, velocidad máxima y máximo asintótico de crecimiento, se estimaron a partir de las curvas de densidad óptica obtenidas con el espectrofotómetro Bioscreen C. El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante ANOVA multivariado (prueba de comparación post-hoc Fisher-LSD) y también se aplicó el Análisis Procrustes Generalizado para evaluar la interacción cepa-condiciones de crecimiento. Los resultados mostraron que el conjunto de cepas de S. cerevisiae caracterizadas fueron capaces de crecer cuando fueron sometidas a los tratamientos que simulaban los cambios ambientales estacionales en el ecosistema del viñedo. La limitación extrema de glucosa, la presencia de cobre y la baja temperatura fueron los factores con mayor impacto en el crecimiento de S. cerevisiae. Se verificaron respuestas de crecimiento homogéneas o variables según el estresor evaluado. Sin embargo, 10 cepas altamente aisladas en el viñedo fueron menos afectadas por todos los factores ensayados, lo que sugiere su aclimatación y capacidad para sobrevivir en las condiciones cambiantes del ciclo anual de la vid.EEA MendozaFil: Gonzalez, Magali Lucia Rosa. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Chimeno, Selva Valeria. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Valero, E. Universidad Pablo de Olavide. Departamento de Biología Molecular e Ingeniería Bioquímica; EspañaFil: Arroyo Lopez, F. N. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC). Instituto de la Grasa; EspañaFil: Garrido Fernandez, A. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC). Instituto de la Grasa; España. Universidad Pablo de Olavide. Departamento de Biotecnología de Alimentos; EspañaFil: Rodriguez Gomez, F. Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC). Instituto de la Grasa; España. Universidad Pablo de Olavide. Departamento de Biotecnología de Alimentos; EspañaFil: Sturm, Maria Elena. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Rojo, Cecilia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Combina, Mariana. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Mercado, Laura Analia. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; Argentin

RET Fusion Testing in Patients With NSCLC: The RETING Study

Introduction: RET inhibitors with impressive overall response rates are now available for patients with NSCLC, yet the identi fication of RET fusions remains a dif ficult challenge. Most guidelines encourage the upfront use of next -generation sequencing (NGS), or alternatively, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) or reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) when NGS is not possible or available. Taken together, the suboptimal performance of single-analyte assays to detect RET fusions, although consistent with the notion of encouraging universal NGS, is currently widening some of the clinical practice gaps in the implementation of predictive biomarkers in patients with advanced NSCLC. Methods: This situation prompted us to evaluate several RET assays in a large multicenter cohort of RET fusion -positive NSCLC (n 1 / 4 38) to obtain real -world data. In addition to RNA -based NGS (the criterion standard method), all positive specimens underwent break -apart RET FISH with two different assays and were also tested by an RT-PCR assay. Results: The most common RET partners were KIF5B (78.9%), followed by CCDC6 (15.8%). The two RET NGSpositive but FISH -negative samples contained a KIF5B(15)RET(12) fusion. The three RET fusions not identi fied with RT-PCR were AKAP13(35)-RET(12) , KIF5B(24)-RET(9) and KIF5B(24)-RET(11) . All three false -negative RT-PCR cases were FISH -positive, exhibited a typical break -apart pattern, and contained a very high number of positive tumor cells with both FISH assays. Signet ring cells, psammoma bodies, and pleomorphic features were frequently observed (in 34.2%, 39.5%, and 39.5% of tumors, respectively). Conclusions: In-depth knowledge of the advantages and disadvantages of the different RET testing methodologies could help clinical and molecular tumor boards implement and maintain sensible algorithms for the rapid and effective detection of RET fusions in patients with NSCLC. The likelihood of RET false -negative results with both FISH and RT-PCR reinforces the need for upfront NGS in patients with NSCLC. (c) 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

Mycobacterium leprae diversity and population dynamics in medieval Europe from novel ancient genomes

Background: Hansen’s disease (leprosy), widespread in medieval Europe, is today mainly prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions with around 200,000 new cases reported annually. Despite its long history and appearance in historical records, its origins and past dissemination patterns are still widely unknown. Applying ancient DNA approaches to its major causative agent, Mycobacterium leprae, can significantly improve our understanding of the disease’s complex history. Previous studies have identified a high genetic continuity of the pathogen over the last 1500 years and the existence of at least four M. leprae lineages in some parts of Europe since the Early Medieval period. Results: Here, we reconstructed 19 ancient M. leprae genomes to further investigate M. leprae’s genetic variation in Europe, with a dedicated focus on bacterial genomes from previously unstudied regions (Belarus, Iberia, Russia, Scotland), from multiple sites in a single region (Cambridgeshire, England), and from two Iberian leprosaria. Overall, our data confirm the existence of similar phylogeographic patterns across Europe, including high diversity in leprosaria. Further, we identified a new genotype in Belarus. By doubling the number of complete ancient M. leprae genomes, our results improve our knowledge of the past phylogeography of M. leprae and reveal a particularly high M. leprae diversity in European medieval leprosaria. Conclusions: Our findings allow us to detect similar patterns of strain diversity across Europe with branch 3 as the most common branch and the leprosaria as centers for high diversity. The higher resolution of our phylogeny tree also refined our understanding of the interspecies transfer between red squirrels and humans pointing to a late antique/early medieval transmission. Furthermore, with our new estimates on the past population diversity of M. leprae, we gained first insights into the disease’s global history in relation to major historic events such as the Roman expansion or the beginning of the regular transatlantic long distance trade. In summary, our findings highlight how studying ancient M. leprae genomes worldwide improves our understanding of leprosy’s global history and can contribute to current models of M. leprae’s worldwide dissemination, including interspecies transmissions

Standalone vertex finding in the ATLAS muon spectrometer

A dedicated reconstruction algorithm to find decay vertices in the ATLAS muon spectrometer is presented. The algorithm searches the region just upstream of or inside the muon spectrometer volume for multi-particle vertices that originate from the decay of particles with long decay paths. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated using both a sample of simulated Higgs boson events, in which the Higgs boson decays to long-lived neutral particles that in turn decay to bbar b final states, and pp collision data at √s = 7 TeV collected with the ATLAS detector at the LHC during 2011

Measurements of Higgs boson production and couplings in diboson final states with the ATLAS detector at the LHC

Measurements are presented of production properties and couplings of the recently discovered Higgs boson using the decays into boson pairs, H →γ γ, H → Z Z∗ →4l and H →W W∗ →lνlν. The results are based on the complete pp collision data sample recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the CERN Large Hadron Collider at centre-of-mass energies of √s = 7 TeV and √s = 8 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 25 fb−1. Evidence for Higgs boson production through vector-boson fusion is reported. Results of combined fits probing Higgs boson couplings to fermions and bosons, as well as anomalous contributions to loop-induced production and decay modes, are presented. All measurements are consistent with expectations for the Standard Model Higgs boson

Measurement of the top quark-pair production cross section with ATLAS in pp collisions at \sqrt{s}=7\TeV

A measurement of the production cross-section for top quark pairs(\ttbar) in $pp$ collisions at \sqrt{s}=7 \TeV is presented using data recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Events are selected in two different topologies: single lepton (electron $e$ or muon $\mu$) with large missing transverse energy and at least four jets, and dilepton ($ee$, $\mu\mu$ or $e\mu$) with large missing transverse energy and at least two jets. In a data sample of 2.9 pb-1, 37 candidate events are observed in the single-lepton topology and 9 events in the dilepton topology. The corresponding expected backgrounds from non-\ttbar Standard Model processes are estimated using data-driven methods and determined to be $12.2 \pm 3.9$ events and $2.5 \pm 0.6$ events, respectively. The kinematic properties of the selected events are consistent with SM \ttbar production. The inclusive top quark pair production cross-section is measured to be \sigmattbar=145 \pm 31 ^{+42}_{-27} pb where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. The measurement agrees with perturbative QCD calculations.Comment: 30 pages plus author list (50 pages total), 9 figures, 11 tables, CERN-PH number and final journal adde

Measurement of the top quark pair cross section with ATLAS in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV using final states with an electron or a muon and a hadronically decaying τ lepton

A measurement of the cross section of top quark pair production in proton-proton collisions recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV is reported. The data sample used corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 2.05 fb -1. Events with an isolated electron or muon and a τ lepton decaying hadronically are used. In addition, a large missing transverse momentum and two or more energetic jets are required. At least one of the jets must be identified as originating from a b quark. The measured cross section, σtt-=186±13(stat.)±20(syst.)±7(lumi.) pb, is in good agreement with the Standard Model prediction

Hunt for new phenomena using large jet multiplicities and missing transverse momentum with ATLAS in 4.7 fb−1 of √s=7 TeV proton-proton collisions

Results are presented of a search for new particles decaying to large numbers of jets in association with missing transverse momentum, using 4.7 fb−1 of pp collision data at s√=7TeV collected by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider in 2011. The event selection requires missing transverse momentum, no isolated electrons or muons, and from ≥6 to ≥9 jets. No evidence is found for physics beyond the Standard Model. The results are interpreted in the context of a MSUGRA/CMSSM supersymmetric model, where, for large universal scalar mass m 0, gluino masses smaller than 840 GeV are excluded at the 95% confidence level, extending previously published limits. Within a simplified model containing only a gluino octet and a neutralino, gluino masses smaller than 870 GeV are similarly excluded for neutralino masses below 100 GeV