An approach to zoning in the wine growing regions of “Jerez-Xérès-Sherry” and “Manzanilla-Sanlúcar de Barrameda” (Cádiz, Spain)

The Appellations of Origin “Jerez-Xérès-Sherry” and “Manzanilla-Sanlúcar de Barrameda” occupy one of the oldest and most world renowned viticultural areas in the peninsula, but it is not exempt from the serious problems that are to be found throughout the sector. In order to try to adapt to the present situation, zoning plans are being promoted whereby priority is given to the quality of the product, sustainable development and the economic interests. This work undertakes an approach to the viticultural zoning. The nutritional state of the grapevines is studied by means of foliage analysis at veraison. The quality of production was measured by means of the berry weight and the analysis of the most usual variables of the must at the time of harvest (°Baumé, pH and titratable acidity) over five seasons, in the 21 plots where the soil profiles were opened for analysis. As a result of applying statistical analysis, the plots are grouped into five classes, two of which are subdivided. The most significant differences were established between the plots of class CL1, on Miocene limestone, and those of class CL5, on Pliocene-Quaternary sands and clays. Class CL1 presented the highest content of ash (mean ± sd CL1; CL5) (15.36 ± 1.73; 12.36 ± 1.77) and calcium (3.42 ± 0.90; 2.65 ± 0.72), the lowest berry weight (2.10 ± 0.30; 2.47 ± 0.50) and a greater Baumé degree (10.55 ± 0.86; 9.63 ± 0.98) than the CL5. This new approach takes other essential factors for the quality of the production into account such as the climate and the geomorphology (altitude, slope, and physiography)Las Denominaciones de Origen Jerez-Xérès-Sherry y Manzanilla-Sanlúcar de Barrameda ocupan una de las zonas de producción más antiguas de la península y de mayor reconocimiento a nivel mundial, aunque no están exentas de la grave problemática por la que atraviesa el sector. Para intentar adaptarse a la situación actual se están promoviendo planes de zonificación en donde prima la calidad del producto, el desarrollo sostenible y los intereses económicos. En este trabajo se realiza una aproximación a la zonificación vitícola. Para ello, se estudia el estado nutricional de las vides mediante el análisis foliar en el envero, la calidad de producción mediante el peso de los granos de uva y el análisis de las variables más usuales del mosto en la época de vendimia (°Baumé, pH y acidez total) durante 5 campañas, en 21 parcelas coincidentes con la apertura de los perfiles. Como resultado de aplicar el análisis estadístico, se han agrupado las parcelas en cinco clases, dos de ellas a su vez subdivididas. Las principales diferencias significativas se encontraron en las parcelas de las clases CL1, sobre albarizas del Mioceno, y las de la clase CL5, sobre arenas y arcillas del Plioceno-Cuaternario. La clase CL1 presenta el contenido más elevado de cenizas (mean ± sd CL1; CL5) (15,36 ± 1,73; 12,36 ± 1,77) y calcio (3,42 ± 0,90; 2,65 ± 0,72), el menor peso de grano de uva (2,10 ± 0,30; 2,47 ± 0,50) y un mayor grado Baumé (10,55 ± 0,86; 9,63 ± 0,98) que la CL5. Esta nueva aproximación tiene en cuenta otros factores esenciales para la calidad de la producción como son el clima y la geomorfología (altitud, pendiente, fisiografía

Systematic literature review of interpretative positions and potential sources of resistance to change in organizations

Purpose: This article addresses the main concerns of existing literature about resistance to change (RC) in organizations, namely the limited interpretative position regarding RC focusing mainly on negative aspects and excluding potential benefits, and the poor consensus or even understanding of RC sources in organizations. Design/methodology/approach: To approach our goal, a systematic literature review will be carried out. The initial sample, obtained using reproducible search algorithms on Scopus and Web of Science, comprises 65 papers. After applying five inclusion/exclusion criteria supported by previous systematic reviews, the final sample consists of 30 papers. Findings: This article demonstrates the prevalence of a negative position toward RC and reveals efforts to harness the potential benefits of RC. In addition, from 126 specific RC sources extracted from the analyzed papers, it discovers and discusses 22 sub-typologies of RC sources, which are grouped into five typologies. Practical implications: The paper enables the future identification of, evaluation of, and intervention in 22 potential RC sources in organizations distinguished into five typologies. The taxonomy also enables researchers to organize and summarize study topics/subtopics regarding RC in the organizational arena. Social implications: This paper draws attention to the need to recognize the meaning and implications of three alternative positions relating to RC in organizations (positive, negative, and neutral). Originality/value: The paper provides a comprehensive taxonomy of RC sources beyond the traditional classification of individual/organizational factors

The Role of Social Stress in the Development of Inhibitory Control Deficit: A Systematic Review in Preclinical Models

Inhibitory control deficit and impulsivity and compulsivity behaviours are present in different psychopathological disorders such as addiction, obsessive-compulsive disorders and schizophrenia, among others. Social relationships in humans and animals are governed by social organization rules, which modulate inhibitory control and coping strategies against stress. Social stress is associated with compulsive alcohol and drug use, pointing towards a determining factor in an increased vulnerability to inhibitory control deficit. The goal of the present review is to assess the implication of social stress and dominance on the vulnerability to develop impulsive and/or compulsive spectrum disorders, with the aid of the information provided by animal models. A systematic search strategy was carried out on the PubMed and Web of Science databases, and the most relevant information was structured in the text and tables. A total of 34 studies were recruited in the qualitative synthesis. The results show the role of social stress and dominance in increased drug and alcohol use, aggressive and impulsive behaviour. Moreover, the revised studies support the role of Dopaminergic (DA) activity and the alterations in the dopaminergic D1/D2 receptors as key factors in the development of inhibitory control deficit by social stress

Monitoring and evaluation of nursing practices through the sisep application

El avance tecnológico y la consecuente incorporación de las TICs en el ámbito docente ha conllevado la aparición de nuevas herramientas para facilitar a los docentes el proceso de seguimiento y evaluación del alumnado. De igual forma, dicho avance ha contribuido a la adquisición de un modelo de aprendizaje más proactivo e individualizado por parte del alumnado. El presente proyecto pretende implementar una herramienta informática denominada “Seguimiento y Evaluación de Practicas” (SISEP) en las asignaturas de prácticas clínicas de la titulación de Grado en Enfermería para optimizar el seguimiento y la evaluación de los alumnos durante el desarrollo de sus prácticas externas, así como mejorar el proceso de adquisición de competencias y habilidades. La metodología ha consistido en la elaboración de material didáctico para dicha aplicación y la posterior evaluación del grado de satisfacción de los distintos roles implicados en su uso mediante un cuestionario autoadministrado de elaboración propia. El grado de satisfacción con respecto a la aplicación fue alto, señalando que contribuye de forma decisiva en la adquisición de competencias, aunque no en todos los casos los usuarios han considerado su interfaz como completamente sencilla o intuitiva.The technological advance and consequent incorporation of IT in the teaching field has entailed the appearance of new tools to facilitate teachers the process of monitoring and evaluating students. In the same way, this advance has contributed to the acquisition of a more proactive and individualized learning model on the students' side. The present project intends to implement a computer tool called “Monitoring and Evaluation of Practices” (SISEP) in the subjects of clinical practices of the degree in Nursing in order to optimize the monitoring and evaluation of students during the development of their external practices, as well as improving the process of acquiring skills and abilities. The methodology used consisted in the elaboration of the teaching material and the later evaluation of the degree of satisfaction from the different roles involved through the use of a self-administered, self-produed questionnaire. The degree of satisfaction regarding the application was high, pointing out its decisive contribution to the acquisition of skills, even if not all users have found its interface clear or intuitive enough

Territorios comunes: construimos acción política desde la formación. Sistematización del Diplomado en Fortalecimientos de Liderazgos Colectivos: Conflictos Socioambientales y Participación Política

Vivencias como este diplomado son un horizonte de sentido que permite recrear el quehacer de un centro de educación, acción social y pensamiento crítico que, desde la investigación-acción y el abordaje interdisciplinar, ha venido tejiendo una ecología de saberes en la co-construcción de un conocimiento situado y de relevancia social, útil para posibilitar transformaciones; esta ha sido la apuesta durante los últimos años del CED. Lo anterior ha sido posible a través de la relación sostenida entre las organizaciones sociales y UNIMINUTO como academia, que ha posibilitado hacer conciencia de la realidad histórica contemporánea; leer las complejidades del contexto; aprender de las acciones colectivas y populares permanentes de las comunidades; y, en consecuencia, sentirnos corresponsables en la búsqueda de alternativas de mundos donde pueda ser posible la vida digna. Por ello, la sistematización que se presenta en esta publicación es producto de un trabajo colectivo que ha permitido afianzar las discusiones y apuestas comunes en torno a las luchas socioterritoriales de Bogotá, principalmente las que se ubican en las localidades de Ciudad Bolívar y Usme, por un derecho a la ciudad, al territorio y a construir desde los sures

Memoria del IV Coloquio Internacional sobre Diversidad Cultural y Estudios Regionales

Esta memoria del IV Coloquio Internacional sobre Diversidad Cultural y Estudios Regionales: Escenarios de la heterogeneidad, memorias y culturas, realizada por el Centro de Investigaciones sobre Diversidad Cultural y Estudios Regionales, CIDICER, en 2016, compila las ponencias presentadas, las cuales se organizan por ejes temáticos, en 7 apartados: Culturas, Identidades e Imaginarios, Literatura Cultura e Identidades, Estéticas de la Heterogeneidad, Pluriculturalidad y Grupos Minoritarios, Diversidad Cultural e Identidades, Literatura, Identidades y Género.UCR::Sedes Regionales::Sede de Occidente::Recinto San Ramón::Centro de Investigaciones sobre Diversidad Cultural y Estudios Regionales (CIDICER

Applications and Advances in Electronic-Nose Technologies

Electronic-nose devices have received considerable attention in the field of sensor technology during the past twenty years, largely due to the discovery of numerous applications derived from research in diverse fields of applied sciences. Recent applications of electronic nose technologies have come through advances in sensor design, material improvements, software innovations and progress in microcircuitry design and systems integration. The invention of many new e-nose sensor types and arrays, based on different detection principles and mechanisms, is closely correlated with the expansion of new applications. Electronic noses have provided a plethora of benefits to a variety of commercial industries, including the agricultural, biomedical, cosmetics, environmental, food, manufacturing, military, pharmaceutical, regulatory, and various scientific research fields. Advances have improved product attributes, uniformity, and consistency as a result of increases in quality control capabilities afforded by electronic-nose monitoring of all phases of industrial manufacturing processes. This paper is a review of the major electronic-nose technologies, developed since this specialized field was born and became prominent in the mid 1980s, and a summarization of some of the more important and useful applications that have been of greatest benefit to man

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Peri-operative red blood cell transfusion in neonates and infants: NEonate and Children audiT of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe: A prospective European multicentre observational study

BACKGROUND: Little is known about current clinical practice concerning peri-operative red blood cell transfusion in neonates and small infants. Guidelines suggest transfusions based on haemoglobin thresholds ranging from 8.5 to 12 g dl-1, distinguishing between children from birth to day 7 (week 1), from day 8 to day 14 (week 2) or from day 15 (≥week 3) onwards. OBJECTIVE: To observe peri-operative red blood cell transfusion practice according to guidelines in relation to patient outcome. DESIGN: A multicentre observational study. SETTING: The NEonate-Children sTudy of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe (NECTARINE) trial recruited patients up to 60 weeks' postmenstrual age undergoing anaesthesia for surgical or diagnostic procedures from 165 centres in 31 European countries between March 2016 and January 2017. PATIENTS: The data included 5609 patients undergoing 6542 procedures. Inclusion criteria was a peri-operative red blood cell transfusion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary endpoint was the haemoglobin level triggering a transfusion for neonates in week 1, week 2 and week 3. Secondary endpoints were transfusion volumes, 'delta haemoglobin' (preprocedure - transfusion-triggering) and 30-day and 90-day morbidity and mortality. RESULTS: Peri-operative red blood cell transfusions were recorded during 447 procedures (6.9%). The median haemoglobin levels triggering a transfusion were 9.6 [IQR 8.7 to 10.9] g dl-1 for neonates in week 1, 9.6 [7.7 to 10.4] g dl-1 in week 2 and 8.0 [7.3 to 9.0] g dl-1 in week 3. The median transfusion volume was 17.1 [11.1 to 26.4] ml kg-1 with a median delta haemoglobin of 1.8 [0.0 to 3.6] g dl-1. Thirty-day morbidity was 47.8% with an overall mortality of 11.3%. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate lower transfusion-triggering haemoglobin thresholds in clinical practice than suggested by current guidelines. The high morbidity and mortality of this NECTARINE sub-cohort calls for investigative action and evidence-based guidelines addressing peri-operative red blood cell transfusions strategies. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT02350348