Trigger and Aperture of the Surface Detector Array of the Pierre Auger Observatory

The surface detector array of the Pierre Auger Observatory consists of 1600 water-Cherenkov detectors, for the study of extensive air showers (EAS) generated by ultra-high-energy cosmic rays. We describe the trigger hierarchy, from the identification of candidate showers at the level of a single detector, amongst a large background (mainly random single cosmic ray muons), up to the selection of real events and the rejection of random coincidences. Such trigger makes the surface detector array fully efficient for the detection of EAS with energy above $3\times 10^{18}$ eV, for all zenith angles between 0$^\circ$ and 60$^\circ$, independently of the position of the impact point and of the mass of the primary particle. In these range of energies and angles, the exposure of the surface array can be determined purely on the basis of the geometrical acceptance.Comment: 29 pages, 12 figure

Ultrahigh energy neutrinos at the Pierre Auger observatory

The observation of ultrahigh energy neutrinos (UHEνs) has become a priority in experimental astroparticle physics. UHEνs can be detected with a variety of techniques. In particular, neutrinos can interact in the atmosphere (downward-going ν) or in the Earth crust (Earth-skimming ν), producing air showers that can be observed with arrays of detectors at the ground. With the surface detector array of the Pierre Auger Observatory we can detect these types of cascades. The distinguishing signature for neutrino events is the presence of very inclined showers produced close to the ground (i.e., after having traversed a large amount of atmosphere). In this work we review the procedure and criteria established to search for UHEνs in the data collected with the ground array of the Pierre Auger Observatory. This includes Earth-skimming as well as downward-going neutrinos. No neutrino candidates have been found, which allows us to place competitive limits to the diffuse flux of UHEνs in the EeV range and above.P. Abreu ... K. B. Barber ... J. A. Bellido ... R. W. Clay ... M. J. Cooper ... B. R. Dawson ... T. A. Harrison ... A. E. Herve ... V. C. Holmes ... J. Sorokin ... P. Wahrlich ... B. J. Whelan ... et al

Measurement of prompt D-0 and D-0 meson azimuthal anisotropy and search for strong electric fields in PbPb collisions at root S-NN=5.02 TeV

SCOAP

Search for long-lived particles decaying to leptons with large impact parameter in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search for new long-lived particles decaying to leptons using proton–proton collision data produced by the CERN LHC at s√=13TeV is presented. Events are selected with two leptons (an electron and a muon, two electrons, or two muons) that both have transverse impact parameter values between 0.01 and 10cm and are not required to form a common vertex. Data used for the analysis were collected with the CMS detector in 2016, 2017, and 2018, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 118 (113)fb−1 in the ee channel (eμ and μμ channels). The search is designed to be sensitive to a wide range of models with displaced eμ, ee, and μμ final states. The results constrain several well-motivated models involving new long-lived particles that decay to displaced leptons. For some areas of the available phase space, these are the most stringent constraints to date

FERMI Seeded FEL Progress Report

FERMI, the seeded Free Electron Laser (FEL) located at the Elettra laboratory in Trieste, Italy, welcomed in December 2012 the first external users on the FEL-1 line. This line is based on a single stage of High Gain Harmonic Generation (HGHG), seeded by a UV laser, and covers wavelengths between 80 and 20 nm. The photon energy reached more than 300 \uf06dJ. The second FEL line, FEL-2, covering the lower wavelength range between 20 and 4 nm thanks to a double stage cascaded HGHG scheme, has generated its first coherent photons in October 2012. The latter is the first experimental demonstration of a seeded free electron laser configured as a two-stage cascade operating in the "fresh bunch injection\u201d mode, where the second stage is seeded by the light produced by the first stage. This paper describes the status of the operation and user experiments with FEL-1 and reports about the progress in the commissioning of FEL-2

Impacto del proyecto PERSECC en la productividad de las MYPES de calzado de la ciudad de Trujillo, 2017

RESUMEN La presente investigación tiene como propósito determinar el impacto del proyecto creado por la Oficina de Proyectos de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación de CITEccal Trujillo, el “Proyecto de Reactivación del Sector Cuero y Calzado” en la productividad de las MYPES del sector calzado en relación con la incidencia que tenga este con el comportamiento de las ventas, producción y demás indicadores de las empresas que aplicaron a PERSECC durante el año 2017, con la finalidad de demostrar la labor del Estado al tomar medidas orientadas a elevar los niveles de competitividad de las empresas en estudio en relación a la reactivación de dicho sector. Para el desarrollo del presente trabajo de investigación, se utilizaron fuentes de información primaria debido a que serán documentos directos que se obtendrán de la oficina de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación de CITEccal Trujillo. Para esto, se tuvo en cuenta el análisis de la documentación de los datos recopilados del registro anual y evolución trimestral de ventas, producción, capacidad instalada, capacidad productiva, inversión en I+D+i, recurso humano, plan de acción del programa PERSECC, los cuales fueron facilitados directamente del área de la oficina de proyectos I+D+i para la realización del proyecto. Luego, se recopilaron los datos a través del análisis documental para ser procesados en tablas y gráficos, en seguida se determinaron las medias usando la Prueba T - Student para datos relacionados (muestras dependientes). Finalmente para medir la relación entre las variables en estudio se calculó el valor de probabilidad estadístico por el cual se rechaza la hipótesis nula y se acepta la hipótesis alternativa. De esta manera, la investigación llega a la conclusión que existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre los valores trimestrales de todos los indicadores analizados de las MYPES de calzado de la ciudad de Trujillo anteriores y posteriores de la aplicación del proyecto PERSECC, lo que significa que el proyecto PERSECC incide de manera significativa en la evolución de los indicadores de la productividad de cada una de las empresas del sector Calzado que aplicaron al proyecto. La principal recomendación que se hace al área de Proyectos I+D+i, es que el jefe de Proyectos autorice la continuación de la aplicación anual del Proyecto PERSECC con la finalidad de ampliar la participación de más MYPES, manteniendo un continuo control del registro de la data con respecto a la evaluación y seguimiento de indicadores en la mejora de su productividad y de esta manera, definir mejor el apoyo de la labor que viene realizando el CITEccal Trujillo para el aumento de la competitividad de las empresas del sector calzado. Palabras clave: Proyecto, Soporte Productivo, I+D, Productividad, Mypes (Micro y Pequeñas Empresas), Sector Calzado, Producción Calzado, Comercio Calzado.ABSTRACT The purpose of this research is to determine the impact of the project created by the Research, Development and Innovation Projects Office of CITEccal Trujillo, the "PERSECC" project in the productivity of the MSEs of the footwear sector in relation to the impact that this has with the behavior of sales, production and other indicators of the companies that applied to PERSECC during the year 2017, in order to demonstrate the work of the State to take measures aimed at raising the levels of competitiveness of companies under study in relation to the reactivation of this sector. For the development of this research work, primary information sources were used because they will be direct documents that will be obtained from the Research, Development and Innovation office of CITEccal Trujillo. For this, the analysis of the documentation of the annual record and quarterly evolution of sales, production, installed capacity, productive capacity, investment in R & D & I, human resources, action plan of the PERSECC program was taken account, which were provided directly from the area of the R + D + i project office for the realization of the project. Then, the data was collected through the documentary analysis to be processed in tables and graphs, consequently sample means were determined using the T - Student test for related data (dependent samples). Finally, to measure the relationship between the variables under study, it has been estimated the statistical probability value by which the null hypothesis is rejected and the alternative hypothesis is accepted. The main recommendation made to the area of R + D + i Projects, is that the Project Manager continues to authorize the application of the PERSECC Project in the coming years in order to expand the participation of more MYPES, maintaining a continuous control of the registry of the data with respect to the evaluation and monitoring of indicators to improve their productivity and, in this way, better define the support of the work that CITEccal Trujillo has been doing to increase the competitiveness of companies in the footwear sector

Experimental access to Transition Distribution Amplitudes with the P̄ANDA experiment at FAIR

Baryon-to-meson Transition Distribution Amplitudes (TDAs) encoding valuable new information on hadron structure appear as building blocks in the collinear factorized description for several types of hard exclusive reactions. In this paper, we address the possibility of accessing nucleon-to-pion (\u3c0N) TDAs from \uafpp \u2192 e+e 12\u3c00 reaction with the future PANDA detector at the FAIR facility. At high center- of-mass energy and high invariant mass squared of the lepton pair q2, the amplitude of the signal channel pp\uaf \u2192 e+e 12\u3c00 admits a QCD factorized description in terms of \u3c0N TDAs and nucleon Distribution Amplitudes (DAs) in the forward and backward kinematic regimes. Assuming the validity of this factorized description, we perform feasibility studies for measuring \uafpp \u2192 e+e 12\u3c00 with the PANDA detector. Detailed simulations on signal reconstruction efficiency as well as on rejection of the most severe background channel, i.e. pp\uaf \u2192 \u3c0+\u3c0 12\u3c00 were performed for the center-of-mass energy squared s = 5 GeV2 and s = 10 GeV2, in the kinematic regions 3.0 0.5 in the proton-antiproton center-of-mass frame. Results of the simulation show that the particle identification capabilities of the PANDA detector will allow to achieve a background rejection factor of 5 \ub7 107 (1 \ub7 107) at low (high) q2 for s = 5 GeV2, and of 1 \ub7 108 (6 \ub7 106) at low (high) q2 for s = 10 GeV2, while keeping the signal reconstruction efficiency at around 40%. At both energies, a clean lepton signal can be reconstructed with the expected statistics corresponding to 2 fb 121 of integrated luminosity. The cross sections obtained from the simulations are used to show that a test of QCD collinear factorization can be done at the lowest order by measuring scaling laws and angular distributions. The future measurement of the signal channel cross section with PANDA will provide a new test of the perturbative QCD description of a novel class of hard exclusive reactions and will open the possibility of experimentally accessing \u3c0N TDAs

Technical design report for the P‾ANDA\overline{{\rm{P}}}\mathrm{ANDA} Barrel DIRC detector

The $\overline{{\rm{P}}}\mathrm{ANDA}$ (anti-Proton ANnihiliation at DArmstadt) experiment will be one of the four flagship experiments at the new international accelerator complex FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research) in Darmstadt, Germany. $\overline{{\rm{P}}}\mathrm{ANDA}$ will address fundamental questions of hadron physics and quantum chromodynamics using high-intensity cooled antiproton beams with momenta between 1.5 and 15 GeV/c and a design luminosity of up to 2 × 1032 cm−2 s−1. Excellent particle identification (PID) is crucial to the success of the $\overline{{\rm{P}}}\mathrm{ANDA}$ physics program. Hadronic PID in the barrel region of the target spectrometer will be performed by a fast and compact Cherenkov counter using the detection of internally reflected Cherenkov light (DIRC) technology. It is designed to cover the polar angle range from 22° to 140° and will provide at least 3 standard deviations (s.d.) π/K separation up to 3.5 GeV/c, matching the expected upper limit of the final state kaon momentum distribution from simulation. This documents describes the technical design and the expected performance of the $\overline{{\rm{P}}}\mathrm{ANDA}$ Barrel DIRC detector. The design is based on the successful BaBar DIRC with several key improvements. The performance and system cost were optimized in detailed detector simulations and validated with full system prototypes using particle beams at GSI and CERN. The final design meets or exceeds the PID goal of clean π/K separation with at least 3 s.d. over the entire phase space of charged kaons in the Barrel DIRC