O novo fado: uma leitura transcultural

Dissertação de mestrado em Literatura e Cultura ComparadasEste projeto tratará o fado de Lisboa enquanto fenómeno cultural, inserindo-se, portanto, no âmbito dos estudos culturais. A sua história será abordada e a sua evolução questionada, em contraste com os métodos sociológicos ou de antropologia social, que adotam uma posição essencialista. Para isso, esta dissertação analisará os movimentos de nacionalização e posterior internacionalização do género musical, argumentando que ao sair das típicas casas de fado dos bairros tradicionais de Lisboa para a rádio, discografia e teatros nacionais, o fado se torna uma marca comercial do país inteiro (nation branding) e espelha todo o sentimento de um povo (encontrando previamente, no séc. XIX, a sua narrativa fundacional no romance de Maria Severa com o Conde de Vimioso). Semelhante processo foi o do Flamengo gitano e andaluz (alicerçado pelo mito de Carmen), que se tornou símbolo da cultura espanhola. A construção da identidade nacional portuguesa através do diálogo com o fado enquanto quintessência do país, fundeada mediante o conceito romântico dos irmãos Schlegel, permite uma idealização etnográfica, política e social do género como sendo expressão natural da ‘alma do povo’ (Volksseele ou Volksgeist). A partir da análise crítica da ‘nacionalização’ do fado, a nossa leitura transcultural incidirá sobre a receção do fado no estrangeiro e sobre a contaminação por outros géneros e culturas, chegando a questionar o conceito de ‘pureza’ subjacente à idealização do fado como signo da identidade do país e do povo, entendidos de uma forma essencial e homogénea. A leitura transcultural do género, inspirada por Wolfgang Welsch e outros, permitirá uma abordagem de percursos de artistas do ‘novo fado’, tais como Mísia, Cristina Branco, Mariza e a banda a Naifa, o que constituirá o peso maior da investigação, no âmbito de uma cultura ‘glocal’.This project will attempt to examine the fado of Lisbon as a cultural phenomenon and is therefore part of the broad area of cultural studies. The history of fado will be studied, and its evolution questioned in contrast with sociological or social anthropological methods which adopt an essentialist approach. In this sense, this dissertation will analyze fado’s nationalizing and internationalizing processes, arguing that when fado leaves its typical houses in the traditional neighborhoods of Lisbon into the national radio, discography and theatres, it becomes a commercial brand for the entire country (nation branding), symbolizing its people’s soul (and finding its foundational narrative in Maria Severa and Conde de Vimioso’s love affair in the 19th Century). A similar process occurred with the flamenco Gitano and andaluz (justified by the myth of Carmen), which has become a symbol of Spanish culture. The construction of a Portuguese national identity through the dialogue with fado as the country’s quintessence, backed up by the recourse to the romantic concept of the Schlegel brothers, allows for an ethnographical, political and social idealization of the genre as the natural expression of the ‘soul of the people’ (Volksseele ou Volksgeist). Through the analysis of the nationalization of fado, our transcultural reading will also look at its reception abroad and its contamination by other genres and cultures. This will allow for the questioning of the concept of ‘purity’ that underlies fado’s idealization as a sign of the people and the country’s identity, which are still understood essentially and homogeneously. Inspired by Wolfgang Welsch and other authors, the transcultural reading will analyze some of the ‘novo fado’ artists’ careers: Mísia, Cristina Branco, Mariza and the band A Naifa. This constitutes the major part of this dissertation, within a ‘glocal’ culture

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Updated cardiovascular prevention guideline of the Brazilian Society of Cardiology: 2019

Sem informação113478788

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

CIITA gene polymorphism (rs3087456) in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis: A population-based cohort study

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are influenced by genetic variants in immune system HLA genes. The Class II Major Histocompatibility Complex Transactivator (CIITA) is an important co-activator of the HLA transcriptional complex; the single nucleotide variant (SNV) rs3087456 localized in the gene promoter region (−168 A/G) has been reported as able to modify its transcription level. In our study, we assessed CIITA rs3087456 SNV in 1,044 Brazilians from two Brazilian regions (Northeast and South) to verify the association with susceptibility and clinical manifestations of (SLE) and (RA) using TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assays System. We observed a protection for a recessive model (GG x AA+AG) for RA susceptibility and increased risk for erosion development in AG genotype patients. No significant association was observed for SLE susceptibility; however, we observed significant increased risk for Class IV and V nephritis development in G allele and GG genotype patients. In conclusion, we showed the contribution of CIITA rs3087456 to SLE or RA clinical features and RA susceptibility in the studied populations

CIITA gene polymorphism (rs3087456) in systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis : a population-based cohort study

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are influenced by genetic variants in immune system HLA genes. The Class II Major Histocompatibility Complex Transactivator (CIITA) is an important co-activator of the HLA transcriptional complex; the single nucleotide variant (SNV) rs3087456 localized in the gene promoter region (−168 A/G) has been reported as able to modify its transcription level. In our study, we assessed CIITA rs3087456 SNV in 1,044 Brazilians from two Brazilian regions (Northeast and South) to verify the association with susceptibility and clinical manifestations of (SLE) and (RA) using TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assays System. We observed a protection for a recessive model (GG x AA+AG) for RA susceptibility and increased risk for erosion development in AG genotype patients. No significant association was observed for SLE susceptibility; however, we observed significant increased risk for Class IV and V nephritis development in G allele and GG genotype patients. In conclusion, we showed the contribution of CIITA rs3087456 to SLE or RA clinical features and RA susceptibility in the studied populations