Espectroscopía estelar y solar en el infrarrojo cercano

El presente trabajo consiste en la determinación de parámetros atómicos fundamentales, Ancho Equivalente y la Fortaleza del Oscilador, para líneas atómicas de absorción de los espectros del Sol y Arcturus en el infrarrojo cercano, banda K, de 1, 8μm a 2, 5 μm. El trabajo comenzó con la identificación de las líneas de absorción de los espectros del Sol y la estrella Arcturus, utilizando: el atlas del espectro solar “An Atlas of the Solar Spectrum in the Infrared from 1850 to 9000 cm−1 (1.1 to 5.4 μm)”1 y el atlas de la estrella Arcturus “Infrared Atlas of the Arcturus Spectrum, 0.9-5.3 μm”2; luego se elaboró una base de datos de las propiedades espectroscópicas de las líneas de absorción de las atmósferas del Sol y Arcturus, en la banda K del infrarrojo cercano. Posteriormente se calculó el ancho equivalente de 357 líneas identificadas, en ambos espectros, correspondientes a los elementos químicos como: Al, C, Ca, Cr, Fe, H, Mg, Na, Ni, S, Sc, Si, Ti, V; utilizando IRAF (Image Reduction and Analysis Facility). Se hicieron gráficos de comparación de las distribuciones de flujo para algunas líneas espectrales del Sol y Arcturus para verificar la similitud de sus atmósferas.Tesi

Experiencia y hallazgos en el manejo de la dieta cetogénica en niños con epilepsia refractaria, estudio de 10 casos

Refractory epilepsy is due to that drug-resistant epilepsy in which there is no improvement after the applica-tion of various antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). The Telethon Children's Rehabilitation Center cares for a large population of children with some type of epilepsy. Recently, the application of the home intervention proto-col for the ketogenic diet (DC) has increased. A few years ago, DC was only attended with extreme surveil-lance in a hospital center under rigid schemes. With this background, the objective of this study was to describe the experience and findings of a series of 10 cases of children with refractory epilepsy treated with this DC protocol over the course of at least 1 year. All the cases of children (n = 10) attended at the Telethon Children's Rehabilitation Center, Aguascalientes, Mexico, who were treated with the ketogenic diet between the dates of February 2010 and June 2015, were reviewed by means of an electronic clinical record criteria for refractory epilepsy, as well as surveillance for pediatric neurology and nutrition. The DC home interven-tion protocol was established under the criteria of Lambruschini-Nilo & Gutiérrez-Sánchez, where it started with a classic type DC with a 2: 1 ratio during the first week of adaptation and then went on to the 3: 1 or 4 ratio: 1 corresponding according to patient tolerance. The reduction in the number of crises was measured at 3 months and one year after surgery. A one-way ANOVA general linear model with repeated measures was applied to measure the efficacy at 3 months and one year of treatment, finding statistical significance when comparing the results means of the number of epileptic events before the diet (p = <0.006). . The most frequent type of epilepsy was West Syndrome in 4 patients, Lennox Gastaut Syndrome in 3 patients, Severe Myoclonic Epilepsy of Childhood and other types of epilepsy, 3 patients. The most common side effects were constipation in 60% of the population, and the least common were hypoalphalipoproteinemia-like dyslipidemia in 30%, reflux in 20%, and kidney stones in 10%.La epilepsia refractaria se debido como aquella epilepsia farmacorresistente en la que no hay mejoría tras la aplicación de varios fármacos antiepilépticos (FAE). El Centro de Rehabilitación Infantil Teletón atiende a una gran población de niños con algún tipo de epilepsia. Recientemente la aplicación del protocolo de intervención domiciliario de la dieta cetogénica (DC) ha incrementado. Hace algunos años, la DC solo se atendía con extrema vigilancia en un centro hospitalario bajo esquemas rígidos. Con este antecedente, el objetivo de este estudio fue describir la experiencia y hallazgos de una serie de 10 casos de niños con epilep-sia refractaria tratados con este protocolo de DC a lo largo de al menos 1 año. Se revisaron por medio de expediente clínico electrónico todos los casos de niños (n=10) atendidos en el Centro de Rehabilitación Infantil Teletón, Aguascalientes, México que fueron tratados con dieta cetogénica entre las fechas de febrero 2010 y junio 2015. Los niños cubrían los criterios para epilepsia refractaria, así como la vigilancia por neurología pediátrica y nutrición. El protocolo de intervención domiciliario de la DC se estableció bajo los criterios de Lambruschini-Nilo & Gutiérrez-Sánchez, donde se inició con una DC tipo clásica con relación 2:1 durante la primera semana de adaptación para después pasar a la relación 3:1 o 4:1 correspondiente según la tolerancia del paciente. Se procedió a medir la reducción del número de crisis a los 3 meses y al año de su intervención. Se aplicó un Modelo lineal general ANOVA de un factor con medidas repetidas para medir la eficacia a los 3 meses y al año de tratamiento encontrando significancia estadística al comparar las medias de resultados del número de eventos epilépticos previo a la dieta (p =<0.006). El tipo de epilepsia más frecuente fue el Síndrome de West en 4 pacientes, el Síndrome de Lennox Gastaut en 3 pacientes, la Epilepsia Mioclónica Severa de la Infancia y otros tipos de epilepsia, 3 pacientes. Los efectos secundarios más comunes fueron el estreñimiento en el 60% de la población, y los menos comunes la dislipidemia tipo hipoalfalipoproteinemia en un 30%, el reflujo en el 20% y la litiasis renal en el 10%

Developement and validation of the emotional dependence scale (eds)

Se diseñó y validó un instrumento para evaluar dependencia emocional (DE) en población mexicana joven, tomando como referencia el CDE y el IDE. Participaron 559 estudiantes universitarios (50.1% mujeres y 49.9% hombres), con edades entre 17 y 26 años. Análisis factoriales exploratorios y confir-matorios revelaron la existencia de siete factores, con valores de confiabilidad interna adecuados para la escala completa (α = .92) y para sus subescalas (α entre .71 y .88). La escala mostró validez concurren-te con una escala de violencia en el noviazgo (correlaciones entre r = .304 y r = .602) y con una escala de percepción de apoyo social (correlaciones entre r = -.179 y r = -.397). Se concluye que la EDE es una escala válida y confiable para evaluar la dependencia emocional hacia la pareja, por lo que supone ser un recurso útil para la medición de este fenómeno en población juvenilAn instrument was designed and validated to evaluate emotional dependence (ED) in young Mexi-can population, taking as reference the CDE and the IDE. A total of 559 university students participated (50.1% women and 49.9% men), aged 17 to 26 years. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed the existence of seven factors, with adequate internal consistency values for the full scale (α = .92) and its subscales (α between .71 and .88). The scale showed concurrent validity with a dating violence scale (correlations between r = .304 and r = .602), and with a perception of social support scale (correlations between r = -.179 and r = -.397). It is concluded that the EDS is a valid and reliable scale to evaluate emotional dependence on the couple. Results point toward a useful resource for the measurement of this phenomenon in youth population

Helicobacter pylori causes Hyperproliferation of the gastric Epithelium: Pre- and Post-Eradication indices of proliferating cell nuclear antigen

Artículo científico -- Universidad de Costa Rica, Instituto de Investigaciones en Salud. 1993To assess the effect of Helicobacter pylori (HP) eradication on the proliferation of the gastric epithelium by the expression of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Methods: Alcohol-fixed gastric biopsies taken before and after treatment for HP were immunostained with the PC-10 anti-PCNA monoclonal antibody and the labeling index was determined with an image analysis system. Results: The mean PCNA-labeling index (LI) of 16 patients who remained HP positive did not change significantly (18.95 ± 1.71 on first visit vs. 17.96 ± 1.91 on second visit, mean ± SEM). The mean PCNA LI of 31 patients who cleared HP was reduced significantly (19.95 ± 1.77 on first visit vs. 14.13 ± 1.29 on second visit, p < 0.001). Patients who were positive for HP at both first and second visit showed a significantly higher PCNA LI than normal control biopsies (13.05 ± 1.70) (p < 0.05). Conclusions: These results indicate that the gastric mucosa infected with HP is in a state of hyperproliferation. Patients who cleared HP showed a significant histopathological improvement, reflected in the reduction in number of polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cell infiltrates, and a reduction in the amount of superficial mucosa damage. Prolonged hyperproliferation of the gastric epithelium exerted by HP infection could be a major factor for human gastric carcinogenesis.Universidad de Costa Rica. Instituto de Investigaciones en SaludLouisiana State University Medical Center. Department of PathologyUCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias de la Salud::Instituto de Investigaciones en Salud (INISA

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good

Juxtaposing BTE and ATE – on the role of the European insurance industry in funding civil litigation

One of the ways in which legal services are financed, and indeed shaped, is through private insurance arrangement. Two contrasting types of legal expenses insurance contracts (LEI) seem to dominate in Europe: before the event (BTE) and after the event (ATE) legal expenses insurance. Notwithstanding institutional differences between different legal systems, BTE and ATE insurance arrangements may be instrumental if government policy is geared towards strengthening a market-oriented system of financing access to justice for individuals and business. At the same time, emphasizing the role of a private industry as a keeper of the gates to justice raises issues of accountability and transparency, not readily reconcilable with demands of competition. Moreover, multiple actors (clients, lawyers, courts, insurers) are involved, causing behavioural dynamics which are not easily predicted or influenced. Against this background, this paper looks into BTE and ATE arrangements by analysing the particularities of BTE and ATE arrangements currently available in some European jurisdictions and by painting a picture of their respective markets and legal contexts. This allows for some reflection on the performance of BTE and ATE providers as both financiers and keepers. Two issues emerge from the analysis that are worthy of some further reflection. Firstly, there is the problematic long-term sustainability of some ATE products. Secondly, the challenges faced by policymakers that would like to nudge consumers into voluntarily taking out BTE LEI

Search for stop and higgsino production using diphoton Higgs boson decays

Results are presented of a search for a "natural" supersymmetry scenario with gauge mediated symmetry breaking. It is assumed that only the supersymmetric partners of the top-quark (stop) and the Higgs boson (higgsino) are accessible. Events are examined in which there are two photons forming a Higgs boson candidate, and at least two b-quark jets. In 19.7 inverse femtobarns of proton-proton collision data at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV, recorded in the CMS experiment, no evidence of a signal is found and lower limits at the 95% confidence level are set, excluding the stop mass below 360 to 410 GeV, depending on the higgsino mass

Impacts of the Tropical Pacific/Indian Oceans on the Seasonal Cycle of the West African Monsoon

The current consensus is that drought has developed in the Sahel during the second half of the twentieth century as a result of remote effects of oceanic anomalies amplified by local land–atmosphere interactions. This paper focuses on the impacts of oceanic anomalies upon West African climate and specifically aims to identify those from SST anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Oceans during spring and summer seasons, when they were significant. Idealized sensitivity experiments are performed with four atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs). The prescribed SST patterns used in the AGCMs are based on the leading mode of covariability between SST anomalies over the Pacific/Indian Oceans and summer rainfall over West Africa. The results show that such oceanic anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Ocean lead to a northward shift of an anomalous dry belt from the Gulf of Guinea to the Sahel as the season advances. In the Sahel, the magnitude of rainfall anomalies is comparable to that obtained by other authors using SST anomalies confined to the proximity of the Atlantic Ocean. The mechanism connecting the Pacific/Indian SST anomalies with West African rainfall has a strong seasonal cycle. In spring (May and June), anomalous subsidence develops over both the Maritime Continent and the equatorial Atlantic in response to the enhanced equatorial heating. Precipitation increases over continental West Africa in association with stronger zonal convergence of moisture. In addition, precipitation decreases over the Gulf of Guinea. During the monsoon peak (July and August), the SST anomalies move westward over the equatorial Pacific and the two regions where subsidence occurred earlier in the seasons merge over West Africa. The monsoon weakens and rainfall decreases over the Sahel, especially in August.Peer reviewe