Marcadores de vulnerabilidade ao câncer de colo do útero em mulheres infectadas pelo HIV

This study identifies the dimensions and markers of vulnerability among women infected with HIV regarding the development of cervical cancer. A total of 76 HIV-infected women cared for in Fortaleza, CE, Brazil from October 2007 to June 2008 participated in the study. Semi-structured interviews were used to collect socio-demographic, clinical, and sexual data, as well as situations related to health care follow-up and the prevention of cervical cancer. Identified situations were grouped according to the dimensions and markers of vulnerability. HIV-infected women experience different situations linked to individual, programmatic and social dimensions that leave them vulnerable to the development of cervical cancer. The conclusion is that this population is vulnerable to cervical cancer and specific preventive actions are necessary to supply information associated with early detection, improve knowledge, encourage self-care, and improve the quality of health services directed to this population.Se objetivó identificar las dimensiones y los marcadores de vulnerabilidad entre mujeres infectadas por el HIV, en el caso del desarrollo del cáncer cérvico uterino. Participaron 76 mujeres, infectadas por el HIV, de octubre de 2007 a junio de 2008, atendidas en Fortaleza, estado de Ceará, en Brasil. La entrevista semiestructurada propició evaluar datos sociodemográficos, clínicos, sexuales y situaciones relacionadas al seguimiento en salud y a la prevención contra cáncer cérvico uterino. Los datos posibilitaron el agrupamiento de situaciones indicadas en las dimensiones y marcadores de vulnerabilidad. Las mujeres infectadas por el HIV presentan diferentes situaciones que las tornan vulnerables al desarrollo del cáncer de cuello uterino, ligadas a las dimensiones individual, programática y social. Se concluye que esta población es vulnerable al cáncer de cuello uterino y que son necesarias acciones preventivas específicas, para ofrecer informaciones asociadas a la detección precoz de la enfermedad, mejorar el nivel de conocimiento, estimular el autocuidado y mejorar la calidad de los servicios de salud destinados a esa clientela.Objetivou-se identificar as dimensões e os marcadores de vulnerabilidade entre mulheres infectadas pelo HIV, para o desenvolvimento do câncer cérvico-uterino. Participaram 76 mulheres, infectadas pelo HIV, de outubro de 2007 a junho de 2008, atendidas em Fortaleza, CE, Brasil. Entrevista semiestruturada propiciou avaliar dados sociodemográficos, clínicos, sexuais e situações relacionadas ao seguimento em saúde e à prevenção contra câncer cérvico-uterino. Os dados possibilitaram o agrupamento de situações indicadas nas dimensões e marcadores de vulnerabilidade. As mulheres infectadas pelo HIV possuem diferentes situações que as tornam vulneráveis ao desenvolvimento do câncer de colo uterino, ligadas às dimensões individual, programática e social. Conclui-se ser essa população vulnerável ao câncer de colo do útero e serem necessárias ações preventivas específicas, para fornecer informações associadas à detecção precoce da doença, melhoria do nível de conhecimento, estímulo ao autocuidado e melhoria da qualidade dos serviços de saúde destinados a essa clientela

Estratégias de enfrentamento da pobreza e sua interface com a promoção da saúde

The population impoverishment is a social reality whose overcoming is necessary so that we can think about health as a positive concept. This study proposes a reflection on the coping strategies adopted by the Conjunto Palmeira, a Brazilian community in the Northeast, and their interface with health promotion. This community's reality is an example of overcoming social exclusion for different regions of Brazil and other countries. The history of the Conjunto and the collective strategies of empowerment for coping with poverty and search for human development are initially presented. After that, we establish the relationship of those strategies with the action fields for health promotion. Finally, we consider that the mutual responsibility of the community with its health and its relationship with the environment in which they live are means of promoting transformation towards the conquest of a worthy social space.El empobrecimiento de la población es una realidad social cuya superación es necesaria para que podamos pensar en salud como un concepto positivo. Ante la realidad que se muestra como ejemplo de superación de la exclusión social para diversas localidades en Brasil y en otros países, la finalidad de este estudio es reflejar sobre las estrategias de afrontamiento de la pobreza adoptadas por la comunidad del Nordeste de Brasil y su interfaz con la promoción de la salud. Inicialmente son presentadas la historia del conjunto y las estrategias colectivas de empowerment para el afrontamiento de la pobreza y la búsqueda del desarrollo humano. En seguida, se establece la relación de esas estrategias con los campos de acción para promoción de la salud. Finalmente, se considera que la responsabilización conjunta de la comunidad con su salud y su relación con el ambiente en que vive son medios de promover transformaciones que culminen con la conquista de un espacio social digno.O empobrecimento populacional é uma realidade social cuja superação é necessária para que se possa pensar em saúde como um conceito positivo. Ante uma realidade que se mostra exemplo de superação da exclusão social para diferentes localidades no Brasil e em outros países, o presente estudo propõe-se a refletir sobre as estratégias de enfrentamento da pobreza adotadas pela comunidade da Região Nordeste do Brasil e sua interface com a promoção da saúde. Inicialmente são apresentadas a história do Conjunto Palmeira e as estratégias coletivas de empowerment para o enfrentamento da pobreza e busca do desenvolvimento humano. Em seguida, faz-se a relação dessas estratégias com os campos de ação para promoção da saúde. Considera-se que a co-responsabilização da comunidade com sua saúde e sua relação com o ambiente em que vivem são meios de promover transformações que culminem com a conquista de um espaço social digno

Azimuthal separation in nearly back-to-back jet topologies in inclusive 2-and 3-jet events in pp collisions at root s=13TeV

A measurement for inclusive 2- and 3-jet events of the azimuthal correlation between the two jets with the largest transverse momenta, Delta phi(12), is presented. The measurement considers events where the two leading jets are nearly collinear ("back-to-back") in the transverse plane and is performed for several ranges of the leading jet transverse momentum. Proton-proton collision data collected with the CMS experiment at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1) are used. Predictions based on calculations using matrix elements at leading-order and next-to-leading-order accuracy in perturbative quantum chromodynamics supplemented with leading-log parton showers and hadronization are generally in agreement with themeasurements. Discrepancies between the measurement and theoretical predictions are as large as 15%, mainly in the region 177 degrees <Delta phi(12) <180 degrees. The 2- and 3-jet measurements are not simultaneously described by any of models.Peer reviewe

Measurement of nuclear modification factors of gamma(1S)), gamma(2S), and gamma(3S) mesons in PbPb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

The cross sections for ϒ(1S), ϒ(2S), and ϒ(3S) production in lead-lead (PbPb) and proton-proton (pp) collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV have been measured using the CMS detector at the LHC. The nuclear modification factors, RAA, derived from the PbPb-to-pp ratio of yields for each state, are studied as functions of meson rapidity and transverse momentum, as well as PbPb collision centrality. The yields of all three states are found to be significantly suppressed, and compatible with a sequential ordering of the suppression, RAA(ϒ(1S)) > RAA(ϒ(2S)) > RAA(ϒ(3S)). The suppression of ϒ(1S) is larger than that seen at √sNN = 2.76 TeV, although the two are compatible within uncertainties. The upper limit on the RAA of ϒ(3S) integrated over pT, rapidity and centrality is 0.096 at 95% confidence level, which is the strongest suppression observed for a quarkonium state in heavy ion collisions to date. © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by SCOAP3.Peer reviewe

Electroweak production of two jets in association with a Z boson in proton-proton collisions root s =13 TeV

A measurement of the electroweak (EW) production of two jets in association with a Z boson in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV is presented, based on data recorded in 2016 by the CMS experiment at the LHC corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1). The measurement is performed in the lljj final state with l including electrons and muons, and the jets j corresponding to the quarks produced in the hard interaction. The measured cross section in a kinematic region defined by invariant masses m(ll) > 50 GeV, m(jj) > 120 GeV, and transverse momenta P-Tj > 25 GeV is sigma(EW) (lljj) = 534 +/- 20 (stat) fb (syst) fb, in agreement with leading-order standard model predictions. The final state is also used to perform a search for anomalous trilinear gauge couplings. No evidence is found and limits on anomalous trilinear gauge couplings associated with dimension-six operators are given in the framework of an effective field theory. The corresponding 95% confidence level intervals are -2.6 <cwww/Lambda(2) <2.6 TeV-2 and -8.4 <cw/Lambda(2) <10.1 TeV-2. The additional jet activity of events in a signal-enriched region is also studied, and the measurements are in agreement with predictions.Peer reviewe

Measurement of the Splitting Function in &ITpp &ITand Pb-Pb Collisions at root&ITsNN&IT=5.02 TeV

Data from heavy ion collisions suggest that the evolution of a parton shower is modified by interactions with the color charges in the dense partonic medium created in these collisions, but it is not known where in the shower evolution the modifications occur. The momentum ratio of the two leading partons, resolved as subjets, provides information about the parton shower evolution. This substructure observable, known as the splitting function, reflects the process of a parton splitting into two other partons and has been measured for jets with transverse momentum between 140 and 500 GeV, in pp and PbPb collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 5.02 TeV per nucleon pair. In central PbPb collisions, the splitting function indicates a more unbalanced momentum ratio, compared to peripheral PbPb and pp collisions.. The measurements are compared to various predictions from event generators and analytical calculations.Peer reviewe

Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use in early acute respiratory distress syndrome : Insights from the LUNG SAFE study

Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Background: Concerns exist regarding the prevalence and impact of unnecessary oxygen use in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We examined this issue in patients with ARDS enrolled in the Large observational study to UNderstand the Global impact of Severe Acute respiratory FailurE (LUNG SAFE) study. Methods: In this secondary analysis of the LUNG SAFE study, we wished to determine the prevalence and the outcomes associated with hyperoxemia on day 1, sustained hyperoxemia, and excessive oxygen use in patients with early ARDS. Patients who fulfilled criteria of ARDS on day 1 and day 2 of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure were categorized based on the presence of hyperoxemia (PaO2 > 100 mmHg) on day 1, sustained (i.e., present on day 1 and day 2) hyperoxemia, or excessive oxygen use (FIO2 ≥ 0.60 during hyperoxemia). Results: Of 2005 patients that met the inclusion criteria, 131 (6.5%) were hypoxemic (PaO2 < 55 mmHg), 607 (30%) had hyperoxemia on day 1, and 250 (12%) had sustained hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use occurred in 400 (66%) out of 607 patients with hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use decreased from day 1 to day 2 of ARDS, with most hyperoxemic patients on day 2 receiving relatively low FIO2. Multivariate analyses found no independent relationship between day 1 hyperoxemia, sustained hyperoxemia, or excess FIO2 use and adverse clinical outcomes. Mortality was 42% in patients with excess FIO2 use, compared to 39% in a propensity-matched sample of normoxemic (PaO2 55-100 mmHg) patients (P = 0.47). Conclusions: Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use are both prevalent in early ARDS but are most often non-sustained. No relationship was found between hyperoxemia or excessive oxygen use and patient outcome in this cohort. Trial registration: LUNG-SAFE is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02010073publishersversionPeer reviewe

Inclusive Search for a Highly Boosted Higgs Boson Decaying to a Bottom Quark-Antiquark Pair

© 2018 CERN. An inclusive search for the standard model Higgs boson (H) produced with large transverse momentum (pT) and decaying to a bottom quark-antiquark pair (bb) is performed using a data set of pp collisions at s=13 TeV collected with the CMS experiment at the LHC. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb-1. A highly Lorentz-boosted Higgs boson decaying to bb is reconstructed as a single, large radius jet, and it is identified using jet substructure and dedicated b tagging techniques. The method is validated with Z→bb decays. The Z→bb process is observed for the first time in the single-jet topology with a local significance of 5.1 standard deviations (5.8 expected). For a Higgs boson mass of 125 GeV, an excess of events above the expected background is observed (expected) with a local significance of 1.5 (0.7) standard deviations. The measured cross section times branching fraction for production via gluon fusion of H→bb with reconstructed pT > 450 GeV and in the pseudorapidity range -2.5 < η < 2.5 is 74±48(stat)-10+17(syst) fb, which is consistent within uncertainties with the standard model prediction