57 research outputs found
Epidemiología de la leucemia linfoblástica aguda en pediatría: incidencia, mortalidad y asociaciones causales
RESUMEN La leucemia linfoblástica aguda (LLA) es la enfermedad maligna más frecuente durante la niñez, sin embargo, su etiología no es clara, exceptuando algunos casos que se atribuyen a síndromes genéticos. Los resultados de los estudios que han explorado posibles asociaciones causales han sido inconsistentes. Sin embargo, estos hallazgos muestran que las exposiciones maternas y paternas ocurridas antes de la concepción o durante la etapa prenatal de sus hijos pueden desempeñar un papel determinante en su riesgo de enfermar de LLA después del nacimiento. Este es un artículo de revisión cuyos objetivos son: a. describir la incidencia y la mortalidad por leucemia en los menores de 15 años y; b. realizar un resumen de estudios dirigidos a determinar los factores asociados con la LLA durante la niñez. Palabras Clave: leucemia linfocítica aguda, epidemiología, factores de riesgo, literatura de revisión, pediatría ABSTRACT Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy in children under 15 years of age; however, its etiology is unclear, except for a few cases due to genetic syndromes. The results of the epidemiologic studies exploring a possible causal association are not consistent. However, these results shows that parental exposures prior or during the index pregnancy can play an important role in the risk of ALL in their offspring. The objectives of this review paper are: a. to describe incidence and mortality due to pediatric leukemia y; b. to review the epidemiologic studies directed to determine associated factors with the risk of childhood ALL. Keywords: acute lymphocytic leukemia, epidemiology, risk factors, review literature, pediatrics
Epidemiología de la leucemia linfoblástica aguda en pediatría: incidencia, mortalidad y asociaciones causales
RESUMEN La leucemia linfoblástica aguda (LLA) es la enfermedad maligna más frecuente durante la niñez, sin embargo, su etiología no es clara, exceptuando algunos casos que se atribuyen a síndromes genéticos. Los resultados de los estudios que han explorado posibles asociaciones causales han sido inconsistentes. Sin embargo, estos hallazgos muestran que las exposiciones maternas y paternas ocurridas antes de la concepción o durante la etapa prenatal de sus hijos pueden desempeñar un papel determinante en su riesgo de enfermar de LLA después del nacimiento. Este es un artículo de revisión cuyos objetivos son: a. describir la incidencia y la mortalidad por leucemia en los menores de 15 años y; b. realizar un resumen de estudios dirigidos a determinar los factores asociados con la LLA durante la niñez. Palabras Clave: leucemia linfocítica aguda, epidemiología, factores de riesgo, literatura de revisión, pediatría ABSTRACT Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common malignancy in children under 15 years of age; however, its etiology is unclear, except for a few cases due to genetic syndromes. The results of the epidemiologic studies exploring a possible causal association are not consistent. However, these results shows that parental exposures prior or during the index pregnancy can play an important role in the risk of ALL in their offspring. The objectives of this review paper are: a. to describe incidence and mortality due to pediatric leukemia y; b. to review the epidemiologic studies directed to determine associated factors with the risk of childhood ALL. Keywords: acute lymphocytic leukemia, epidemiology, risk factors, review literature, pediatrics
Eating habits and sleep quality in university students in times of COVID-19, Lima-Peru
Introducción: Los hábitos alimentarios y la calidad desueño en los universitarios son muy cambiantes por diversosfactores, entre ellos el confinamiento producto del COVID-19,afectando directamente a la salud.
Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre los hábitos ali-mentarios y calidad de sueño en universitarios en tiempos deCOVID-19, Lima-Perú.
Métodos: El estudio fue de tipo transversal y correlacional,participaron estudiantes universitarios y completaron las en-cuestas de hábitos alimentarios y calidad de sueño. En el aná-lisis estadístico se utilizó la prueba Chi cuadrado y Rho deSpearman para evaluar la asociación.
Resultados: Participaron 300 estudiantes, el 32,7 % tuvohábitos alimentarios “inadecuados”, 33,3% “adecuados”; asímismo, 32,7% de los estudiantes obtuvieron un nivel de malacalidad de sueño. Existe relación entre ambas variables(p<0,001); con asociación débil (coeficiente de correlación0,370; p=<0,001). Conclusión: Existe relación entre los hábitos alimentariosy la calidad de sueño en estudiantes de Universidades Públi -cas de Lima. Se recomienda a las universidades realizar diag-nósticos oportunos e intervenciones educativas en alimenta-ción y salud mental mientras se mantengan las restriccionespor COVID-19.Introduction: Eating habits and sleep quality in universitystudents are very changeable due to various factors, amongthem the confinement product of COVID-19, directly affectinghealth. Objective: To determine the association between eatinghabits and sleep quality in university students in times ofCOVID-19, Lima-Peru. Methods: The study was cross-sectional and correlational,university students participated and completed surveys oneating habits and sleep quality. The statistical analysis usedthe Chi-square test and Spearman’s Rho to evaluate the as-sociation. Results: 300 students participated, 32.7% had “inade-quate” eating habits, 33.3% “adequate”; likewise, 32.7% ofthe students obtained a poor sleep quality level. There is a re-lationship between both variables (p<0.001); with a weak as-sociation (correlation coefficient 0.370; p=<0.001).
Conclusion: There is a relationship between eating habitsand sleep quality in students of public universities in Lima. Itis recommended that universities carry out timely diagnosisand educational interventions in nutrition and mental healthwhile maintaining COVID-19 restriction
Evaluación de la capacidad discriminativa de los indicadores antropométricos y su relación predictiva de diabetes en trabajadores de salud del Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil - Ecuador: Evaluation of the discriminative capacity of anthropometric indicators and their predictive relationship of diabetes in health workers of the University Hospital of Guayaquil - Ecuador
Objective: To evaluate the discriminative ability to predict diabetes with anthropometric and biochemical indicators and medical history. Methods: The sampling carried out was census and the sample consisted of 104 workers. A longitudinal study was carried out to evaluate the discriminative ability to predict diabetes with the anthropometric, biochemical, and antecedent indicators, using two models, the analysis of the ROC curves and binary logistic regression. Results: By analyzing the ROC curves, the abdominal circumference obtained greater predictive discriminative power (AUC = 0.747; p <0.001; CI: 0.624-0.870), compared to glycemia (AUC=0.749; p <0.001; CI: 0.645-0.852) and the waist-height index (AUC=0.737; p=0.001; CI: 0.638-0.836). Personal medical history is included in the logistic regression equation P(Y=1)=(1+e0,693+1,897APP)-1 to predict the risk of developing diabetes in the future. Conclusions: The abdominal circumference obtained the highest discriminative power, followed by the pathological history.Objetivo: Evaluar la capacidad discriminativa de predicción de diabetes con indicadores antropométricos, bioquímicos y antecedentes. Métodos: Se utilizaron dos modelos, el análisis de las curvas ROC y regresión logística binaria. Resultados: Mediante el análisis de las curvas ROC, el perímetro abdominal obtuvo mayor poder discriminativo de predicción (AUC=0,747; p<0,001; IC: 0,624-0,870), en comparación a la glicemia (AUC=0,749; p<0,001; IC: 0,645-0,852) y el índice de cintura-talla (AUC=0,737; p=0,001; IC: 0,638-0,836). Los antecedentes patológicos personales se incluyen en la ecuación de regresión logística P(Y=1) = (1+e0,693+1,897APP)-1 para predecir el riesgo de tener diabetes en el futuro. Conclusiones: El perímetro abdominal obtuvo mayor poder discriminativo, seguido de los antecedentes patológicos personales.
 
Produção, caracterização e avaliação da capacidade adsortiva de carvões ativados em forma de briquete
Carvões ativados em forma de briquetes foram preparados a partir do resíduo da madeira de candeia, gerado no processo de extração do óleo α-bisabolol. O material foi briquetado, carbonizado e ativado com CO2, variando-se a temperatura (700-900°C) e o tempo de ativação (1-3 horas). Para a caracterização dos carvões ativados foram realizadas análise elementar (CHN-O), análise dos grupos funcionais (titulação de Boehm), bur-off, área superficial BET estimada, índice de iodo, cálculo de área superficial com azul de metileno SAM, testes de adsorção com azul de metileno e fenol e índice de resistência mecânica. Os resultados mostraram que, com o aumento da temperatura e do tempo de ativação, ocorre aumento da área superficial, do volume de poros, da basicidade do carvão e da capacidade de adsorção de azul de metileno e de fenol.Palavras-chave:Candeia; Carvão Ativado; Briquete
Margarita de Sossa, Sixteenth-Century Puebla de los Ángeles, New Spain (Mexico)
Margarita de Sossa’s freedom journey was defiant and entrepreneurial. In her early twenties, still enslaved in Portugal, she took possession of her body; after refusing to endure her owner’s sexual demands, he sold her, and she was transported to Mexico. There, she purchased her freedom with money earned as a healer and then conducted an enviable business as an innkeeper. Sossa’s biography provides striking insights into how she conceptualized freedom in terms that included – but was not limited to – legal manumission. Her transatlantic biography offers a rare insight into the life of a free black woman (and former slave) in late sixteenth-century Puebla, who sought to establish various degrees of freedom for herself. Whether she was refusing to acquiesce to an abusive owner, embracing entrepreneurship, marrying, purchasing her own slave property, or later using the courts to petition for divorce. Sossa continued to advocate on her own behalf. Her biography shows that obtaining legal manumission was not always equivalent to independence and autonomy, particularly if married to an abusive husband, or if financial successes inspired the envy of neighbors
Aspectos históricos da institucionalização da atenção à saúde do adolescente no estado de São Paulo, 1970-1990
Use of anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents in stable outpatients with coronary artery disease and atrial fibrillation. International CLARIFY registry
Homogeneidade e heterogeneidade nos sistemas educacionais: Argentina, Brasil, Chile e México
- …