First Report of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Infection due to Cyberlindnera fabianii.

Fungal infections in the central nervous system (CNS) are associated with significant morbidity and death. Transient fungemia in immunocompetent patients without any other risk factors for fungemia has been suggested as a possible mechanism that may lead to serious fungal ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt infections, but evidence is lacking. The clinical spectrum, diagnosis, and optimal therapy of Cyberlindnera fabianii infections remain to be determined. We describe the first case of CNS infection due to C. fabianii that occurred in an immunocompetent adult with a VP shunt. Spontaneous translocation with yeast that is not part of the normal gastrointestinal flora in the setting of ingestion of multiple servings of a fermentation product was the likely source from which Cyberlindnera fabianii gained entrance into the VP shunt system, causing meningitis in this patient. The authors conclude that, in view of the high morbidity associated with yeast infection of the CNS, long-term antifungal therapy should be strongly considered in cases where the VP shunt cannot be completely removed. Transient fungemia may lead to invasive disease in an immunocompetent host with VP shunt, even in the absence of any other risk factors for fungemia and even after remote placement of the VP shunt

Tartarin chez les Anglos : intraduisibilité et pertinence

Tartarin chez les Anglos : intraduisibilité et pertinence – Cet article applique les concepts de la théorie de la pertinence de Sperber et Wilson à la comparaison de cinq traductions anglaises et américaines de Tartarin de Tarascon d'Alphonse Daudet. Pour que deux messages ou textes se ressemblent, il faut, selon cette théorie, qu'ils comportent des explicatures et implicatures semblables. De plus, la compréhension ne doit exiger qu'un effort minime d'assimilation. Nous avons utilisé ces concepts pour analyser les différentes solutions apportées par les traducteurs comme équivalents des méridionalismes et des éléments provençaux que contient le texte de Daudet. Certaines traductions américaines conservent tels quels un nombre relativement élevé de termes étrangers et la théorie de la pertinence appliquée à la traduction permet de voir que ce maintien comporte des avantages.Tartarin in Angloland: Untranslatability and Relevance – This article makes use of the concepts of Sperber and Wilson's relevance theory to compare five English and American translations of Tartarin de Tarascon by Alphonse Daudet. In order for two messages or two texts in different languages to correspond, they must, according to relevance theory, share similar explicatures and implicatures. Moreover, the effort required to process a speech act must be minimal. We have applied those concepts to the analysis of the various solutions chosen by the translators as equivalents for words and expressions characteristic of Southern France and Provence, found in Daudet's text. Some of the American translations maintain a relatively high number of foreign terms. Relevance theory applied to translation shows that there are advantages to keeping those expressions in the original language