VARIABILIDADE DO ÍNDICE DE VEGETAÇÃO POR DIFERENÇA NORMALIZADA (NDVI) EM ÁREAS DE REFLORESTAMENTO: FLORESTA ESTADUAL ‘EDMUNDO NAVARRO DE ANDRADE’ (FEENA)/RIO CLARO (SP)

Este trabalho apresenta a análise qualitativa da densidade e da intensidade da atividade fotossintética da vegetação com possíveis consequências no fluxo de carbono na região da Floresta Estadual “Edmundo Navarro de Andrade”, FEENA, por meio da variação do Índice de Vegetação por Diferença Normalizada (NDVI). A FEENA é uma Unidade de Conservação e tem sua maior parte contida na área do município de Rio Claro. Rio Claro está localizado no Centro-Leste do Estado de São Paulo, entre as coordenadas 22°05’ de Latitude Sul e 47°55’ de Longitude Oeste de Greenwich. Na análise foram utilizadas imagens do sensor TM Landsat de 1991 a 2011. Foram consideradas medidas da estatística descritiva, tendência central e de dispersão, do NDVI, além de curvas de tendência. Como ferramentas foram utilizadas Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIG) e Planilhas Eletrônicas. As médias da série temporal dos mapas de NDVI da FEENA apresentaram amplitude total 0,05 e média geral 0,68. Esses valores indicam que a Floresta manteve nesse período alta densidade e alta intensidade da atividade fotossintética de sua vegetação. Em função disso, pode-se inferir que ocorreu variação positiva do sequestro de carbono da atmosfera na região

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Variabilidade do índice de vegetação por diferença normalizada (NDVI) em áreas reflorestamento: floresta estadual Edmundo Navarro de Andrade (FEENA)/Rio Claro (SP)

Esta pesquisa apresenta uma análise qualitativa da densidade e da intensidade da atividade fotossintética da vegetação com possíveis consequências no fluxo de carbono na região da Floresta Estadual “Edmundo Navarro de Andrade” (FEENA), por meio da variação do Índice de Vegetação por Diferença Normalizada (NDVI). A FEENA é uma Unidade de Conservação e tem sua maior parte contida na área do município de Rio Claro. A cidade de Rio Claro está localizada no Centro-Leste do Estado de São Paulo, entre as coordenadas 22°05’ de Latitude Sul e 47°55’ de Longitude Oeste de Greenwich. Na análise, foram utilizadas imagens do sensor TM Landsat 5 de 1985 a 2011 e dados de temperatura e pluviosidade no mesmo período nessa região. A análise levou em consideração medidas da Estatística Descritiva de tendência central e de dispersão do NDVI e das variáveis meteorológicas, além de curvas de tendência e correlação. Foram utilizados, como ferramentas, Sistemas de Informações Geográficas (SIG), e planilhas eletrônicas. As médias da série temporal do NDVI da FEENA apresentaram amplitude total 0,05 e média geral 0,67. Esses valores indicam que a Floresta manteve nesse período alta densidade e alta intensidade da atividade fotossintética de sua vegetação. Em função disso, pode-se sugerir que ocorreu variação positiva do sequestro de carbono da atmosfera na região. Nesse período a temperatura e a pluviosidade apresentaram comportamento similar em todos os anos. No entanto, não há correlação linear entre a temperatura e o NDVI, tão pouco entre a pluviosidade e o NDVI da FEENAThis research presents a qualitative analysis of the density and intensity of vegetation photosynthetic activity with possible consequences on carbon flux in the region of the State Forest Edmundo Navarro de Andrade (FEENA), through the variation of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). Most of the FEENA, which is a Conservation Until, is located in the area of the municipality of Rio Claro. The city of Rio Claro is located in the Center-East of the State of São Paulo, between the coordinates 22° 05 ' South Latitude and 47° 55 ' Longitude West of Greenwich. In the analysis, images from Landsat 5 TM sensor from 1985 to 2011 and temperature and pluviosity data for the same period in this region were used. The analysis took into account Descriptive Statistics measures of central tendency and dispersion of NDVI and weather variables, besides correlation and trend curves. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) and spreadsheets were used as tools. The average of time series NDVI of FEENA showed full range 0.05 and overall average 0.67. These values indicate that high density and high intensity of photosynthetic activity of forest vegetation were stable during this period. Because of this, it can be suggested that increase of carbon sequestration from the atmosphere in the region occurred. In this period, temperature and pluviosity showed similar behavior presenting yearly. However, there is no linear correlation between the temperature and the NDVI and none between the pluviosity and NDVI of the FEEN

Search for Higgs and ZZ Boson Decays to J/ψγJ/\psi\gamma and Υ(nS)γ\Upsilon(nS)\gamma with the ATLAS Detector

A search for the decays of the Higgs and $Z$ bosons to $J/\psi\gamma$ and $\Upsilon(nS)\gamma$ ($n=1,2,3$) is performed with $pp$ collision data samples corresponding to integrated luminosities of up to $20.3\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ collected at $\sqrt{s}=8\mathrm{TeV}$ with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. No significant excess of events is observed above expected backgrounds and 95% CL upper limits are placed on the branching fractions. In the $J/\psi\gamma$ final state the limits are $1.5\times10^{-3}$ and $2.6\times10^{-6}$ for the Higgs and $Z$ bosons, respectively, while in the $\Upsilon(1S,2S,3S)\,\gamma$ final states the limits are $(1.3,1.9,1.3)\times10^{-3}$ and $(3.4,6.5,5.4)\times10^{-6}$, respectively

Finska tingsdomares bedömningar av partsutlåtanden givna på plats i rätten eller via videokonferens

Professionals within the judicial system sometimes believe they can assess whether someone is lying or not based on cues such as body language and emotional expression. Research has, however, shown that this is impossible. The Finnish Supreme Court has also given rulings in accordance with this demonstrated fact. There has also been previous research on whether party or witness statements are assessed differently in court depending on whether they are given live, via videoconference, or via prerecorded video. In the present study, we investigated how a Finnish sample of district judges (N=47) assigned probative value to different variables concerning the statement or the statement giver, such as body language and emotional expression. We also investigated the connection between the judges’ beliefs about the relevance of body language and emotional expression and their preference for live statements or statements via videoconference. The judges reported assigning equal amounts of probative value to statements given live and statements given via videoconference. However, judges found it easier to detect deception live, and this preference correlated with how relevant they thought body language is when assessing the probative value of the statement. In other words, a slight bias to assess live statements more favorably than statements given via videoconference might still exist. More effort needs to be put into making judges and Supreme Courts aware of robust scientific results that have been the subject of decades of research, such as the fact that one cannot assess whether someone is lying or not based on cues such as body language

Measurements of the Total and Differential Higgs Boson Production Cross Sections Combining the H??????? and H???ZZ*???4??? Decay Channels at s\sqrt{s}=8??????TeV with the ATLAS Detector

Measurements of the total and differential cross sections of Higgs boson production are performed using 20.3~fb$^{-1}$ of $pp$ collisions produced by the Large Hadron Collider at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV and recorded by the ATLAS detector. Cross sections are obtained from measured $H \rightarrow \gamma \gamma$ and $H \rightarrow ZZ ^{*}\rightarrow 4\ell$ event yields, which are combined accounting for detector efficiencies, fiducial acceptances and branching fractions. Differential cross sections are reported as a function of Higgs boson transverse momentum, Higgs boson rapidity, number of jets in the event, and transverse momentum of the leading jet. The total production cross section is determined to be $\sigma_{pp \to H} = 33.0 \pm 5.3 \, ({\rm stat}) \pm 1.6 \, ({\rm sys}) \mathrm{pb}$. The measurements are compared to state-of-the-art predictions.Measurements of the total and differential cross sections of Higgs boson production are performed using 20.3  fb-1 of pp collisions produced by the Large Hadron Collider at a center-of-mass energy of s=8  TeV and recorded by the ATLAS detector. Cross sections are obtained from measured H→γγ and H→ZZ*→4ℓ event yields, which are combined accounting for detector efficiencies, fiducial acceptances, and branching fractions. Differential cross sections are reported as a function of Higgs boson transverse momentum, Higgs boson rapidity, number of jets in the event, and transverse momentum of the leading jet. The total production cross section is determined to be σpp→H=33.0±5.3 (stat)±1.6 (syst)  pb. The measurements are compared to state-of-the-art predictions.Measurements of the total and differential cross sections of Higgs boson production are performed using 20.3 fb$^{-1}$ of $pp$ collisions produced by the Large Hadron Collider at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s} = 8$ TeV and recorded by the ATLAS detector. Cross sections are obtained from measured $H \rightarrow \gamma \gamma$ and $H \rightarrow ZZ ^{*}\rightarrow 4\ell$ event yields, which are combined accounting for detector efficiencies, fiducial acceptances and branching fractions. Differential cross sections are reported as a function of Higgs boson transverse momentum, Higgs boson rapidity, number of jets in the event, and transverse momentum of the leading jet. The total production cross section is determined to be $\sigma_{pp \to H} = 33.0 \pm 5.3 \, ({\rm stat}) \pm 1.6 \, ({\rm sys}) \mathrm{pb}$. The measurements are compared to state-of-the-art predictions

Search for Scalar-Charm pair production in pp collisions at s=8\sqrt{s}=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The results of a dedicated search for pair production of scalar partners of charm quarks are reported. The search is based on an integrated luminosity of 20.3 fb$^{-1}$ of pp collisions at $\sqrt{s}=8$ TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The search is performed using events with large missing transverse momentum and at least two jets, where the two leading jets are each tagged as originating from c-quarks. Events containing isolated electrons or muons are vetoed. In an R-parity-conserving minimal supersymmetric scenario in which a single scalar-charm state is kinematically accessible, and where it decays exclusively into a charm quark and a neutralino, 95% confidence-level upper limits are obtained in the scalar-charm-neutralino mass plane such that, for neutralino masses below 200 GeV, scalar-charm masses up to 490 GeV are excluded

Search for Higgs and Z Boson Decays to J/ψγJ/\psi\gamma and Υ(nS)γ\Upsilon(nS)\gamma with the ATLAS Detector

A search for the decays of the Higgs and Z bosons to J/ψγ and ϒ(nS)γ (n=1,2,3) is performed with pp collision data samples corresponding to integrated luminosities of up to 20.3 fb-1 collected at s=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. No significant excess of events is observed above expected backgrounds and 95% C.L. upper limits are placed on the branching fractions. In the J/ψγ final state the limits are 1.5×10-3 and 2.6×10-6 for the Higgs and Z boson decays, respectively, while in the ϒ(1S,2S,3S)γ final states the limits are (1.3,1.9,1.3)×10-3 and (3.4,6.5,5.4)×10-6, respectively