Molecular modeling and anticholinesterasic activity of novel 2-arylaminocyclohexyl N,N-dimethylcarbamates

This work reports a detailed theoretical and experimental study of the novel isomer series cis- and trans-2-arylaminocyclohexyl N,N-dimethylcarbamates as potential inhibitors of cholinesterases. In vitro inhibition assay by Ellman's method with human blood samples showed that the new carbamates are selective to the inhibition of enzyme butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) with maximum inhibition of 90% and IC50 of 6 and 8 mmol L-1 for the more actives compounds of the series. Molecular modeling studies point to significant differences for the conformations of the compounds in the active sites of enzymes BuChE and acetylcholinesterase (AChE). The results show that the compounds interact more effectively with the active site of enzyme BuChE since the carbamate group is close to the key residues of the catalytic triad.O presente trabalho reporta um estudo teórico e experimental detalhado das séries inéditas de isômeros cis- e trans-N,N-dimetilcarbamatos de cicloexila 2-arilaminossubstituídos como potenciais inibidores de colinesterases. Os testes de inibição in vitro, realizados através do método de Ellman em amostras de sangue humano, mostraram que os novos carbamatos apresentaram boa seletividade frente à inibição da enzima butirilcolinesterase (BuChE), com um máximo de inibição de 90% e IC50 de 6 e 8 mmol L-1 para os compostos mais ativos da série. Os estudos de modelagem molecular apontaram significantes diferenças entre as orientações destes compostos nos sítios ativos das enzimas BuChE e acetilcolinesterase (AChE). Os resultados mostraram que os compostos interagem de forma mais efetiva com o sítio ativo da enzima BuChE, pois o grupo carbamato está próximo aos resíduos chave da tríade catalítica.17981807Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq

A linguagem literária do New Journalism em The Duke in His Domain

O presente artigo possui o intuito de esclarecer como a linguagem literária foi atrelada à linguagem jornalística na categoria New Journalism (Novo Jornalismo, no português). Para isso, utilizamos trechos do artigo The Duke in His Domain, de Truman Capote, que se trata de um perfil-reportagem do ator hollywoodiano Marlon Brando, escrito em 1957 e publicado na famosa revista nova-iorquina, The New Yorker. A relevância para análise deste objeto de pesquisa não é somente em relação ao toque literário, mas também devido a sua importância histórica e jornalística, pois é sabido que tal texto é um precursor do New Journalism. O referencial teórico da pesquisa é embasado em um artigo de Cyntia Belgini Andretta, estudiosa da obra de Truman Capote, e em autores que se dedicam ao estudo do jornalismo-literário, como Eduardo Belo e Marcelo Bulhões. Com o resultado da pesquisa, a análise de trechos do artigo de Capote ajudará a esclarecer dúvidas em relação ao uso dos recursos literários dentro do jornalismo

Contributions of mean and shape of blood pressure distribution to worldwide trends and variations in raised blood pressure: A pooled analysis of 1018 population-based measurement studies with 88.6 million participants

© The Author(s) 2018. Background: Change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure could be due to both shifts in the entire distribution of blood pressure (representing the combined effects of public health interventions and secular trends) and changes in its high-blood-pressure tail (representing successful clinical interventions to control blood pressure in the hypertensive population). Our aim was to quantify the contributions of these two phenomena to the worldwide trends in the prevalence of raised blood pressure. Methods: We pooled 1018 population-based studies with blood pressure measurements on 88.6 million participants from 1985 to 2016. We first calculated mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and prevalence of raised blood pressure by sex and 10-year age group from 20-29 years to 70-79 years in each study, taking into account complex survey design and survey sample weights, where relevant. We used a linear mixed effect model to quantify the association between (probittransformed) prevalence of raised blood pressure and age-group- and sex-specific mean blood pressure. We calculated the contributions of change in mean SBP and DBP, and of change in the prevalence-mean association, to the change in prevalence of raised blood pressure. Results: In 2005-16, at the same level of population mean SBP and DBP, men and women in South Asia and in Central Asia, the Middle East and North Africa would have the highest prevalence of raised blood pressure, and men and women in the highincome Asia Pacific and high-income Western regions would have the lowest. In most region-sex-age groups where the prevalence of raised blood pressure declined, one half or more of the decline was due to the decline in mean blood pressure. Where prevalence of raised blood pressure has increased, the change was entirely driven by increasing mean blood pressure, offset partly by the change in the prevalence-mean association. Conclusions: Change in mean blood pressure is the main driver of the worldwide change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure, but change in the high-blood-pressure tail of the distribution has also contributed to the change in prevalence, especially in older age groups