Leishmania infection in bats from a non-endemic region of Leishmaniasis in Brazil

Leishmaniasis is a complex of zoonotic diseases caused by parasites of the genus Leishmania, which can develop in domestic as well as wild animals and humans throughout the world. Currently, this disease is spreading in rural and urban areas of non-endemic regions in Brazil. Recently, bats have gained epidemiological significance in leishmaniasis due to its close relationship with human settlements. In this study, we investigated the presence of Leishmania spp. DNA in blood samples from 448 bats belonging to four families representing 20 species that were captured in the Triangulo Mineiro and Alto Paranaiba areas of Minas Gerais State (non-endemic areas for leishmaniasis), Brazil. Leishmania spp. DNA was detected in 8.0% of the blood samples, 41.6% of which were Leishmania infantum, 38.9% Leishmania amazonensis and 19.4% Leishmania braziliensis. No positive correlation was found between Leishmania spp. and bat food source. The species with more infection rates were the insectivorous bats Eumops perotis; 22.2% (4/18) of which tested positive for Leishmania DNA. The presence of Leishmania in the bat blood samples, as observed in this study, represents epidemiological importance due to the absence of Leishmaniasis cases in the region. © Cambridge University Press 2017

Dynamics of Tachyon and Phantom Field beyond the Inverse Square Potentials

We investigate the cosmological evolution of the tachyon and phantom-tachyon scalar field by considering the potential parameter $\Gamma$($=\frac{V V"}{V'^2}$) as a function of another potential parameter $\lambda$($=\frac{V'}{\kappa V^{3/2}}$), which correspondingly extends the analysis of the evolution of our universe from two-dimensional autonomous dynamical system to the three-dimension. It allows us to investigate the more general situation where the potential is not restricted to inverse square potential and .One result is that, apart from the inverse square potential, there are a large number of potentials which can give the scaling and dominant solution when the function $\Gamma(\lambda)$ equals $3/2$ for one or some values of $\lambda_{*}$ as well as the parameter $\lambda_{*}$ satisfies condition Eq.(18) or Eq.(19). We also find that for a class of different potentials the dynamics evolution of the universe are actually the same and therefore undistinguishable.Comment: 8 pages, no figure, accepted by The European Physical Journal C(2010), online first, http://www.springerlink.com/content/323417h708gun5g8/?p=dd373adf23b84743b523a3fa249d51c7&pi=

D-brane anti-D-brane effective action and brane interaction in open string channel

We construct the effective action of a $D_p$-brane-anti-$D_p$-brane system by making use of the non-abelian extension of tachyonic DBI action. We succeed the construction by restricting the Chan-Paton factors of two non-BPS $D_p$-branes in the action to the Chan-Paton factors of a $D_p\bar{D}_p$ system. For the special case that both branes are coincident, the action reduces to the one proposed by A. Sen. \\The effective $D_p\bar{D}_p$ potential indicates that when branes separation is larger than the string length scale, there are two minima in the tachyon direction. As branes move toward each other under the gravitational force, the tachyon tunneling from false to true vacuum may make a bubble formation followed by a classical evolution of the bubble. On the other hand, when branes separation is smaller than the string length scale, the potential shows one maximum and one minimum. In this case, a homogeneous tachyon rolling in real time makes an attractive potential for the branes distance. This classical force is speculated to be the effective force between the two branes.Comment: Latex, 14 pages, 1 figure, the version appears in JHE

Entropy perturbations in quartessence Chaplygin models

We show that entropy perturbations can eliminate instabilities and oscillations, in the mass power spectrum of the quartessence Chaplygin models. Our results enlarge the current parameter space of models compatible with large scale structure and cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations.Comment: references added, one figure corrected, results unchange

Search for an invisibly decaying Higgs boson or dark matter candidates produced in association with a Z boson in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

SCOAP

Highly-parallelized simulation of a pixelated LArTPC on a GPU

The rapid development of general-purpose computing on graphics processing units (GPGPU) is allowing the implementation of highly-parallelized Monte Carlo simulation chains for particle physics experiments. This technique is particularly suitable for the simulation of a pixelated charge readout for time projection chambers, given the large number of channels that this technology employs. Here we present the first implementation of a full microphysical simulator of a liquid argon time projection chamber (LArTPC) equipped with light readout and pixelated charge readout, developed for the DUNE Near Detector. The software is implemented with an end-to-end set of GPU-optimized algorithms. The algorithms have been written in Python and translated into CUDA kernels using Numba, a just-in-time compiler for a subset of Python and NumPy instructions. The GPU implementation achieves a speed up of four orders of magnitude compared with the equivalent CPU version. The simulation of the current induced on 10^3 pixels takes around 1 ms on the GPU, compared with approximately 10 s on the CPU. The results of the simulation are compared against data from a pixel-readout LArTPC prototype

Clinical Manifestations In Children With Tonsillar Lymphoma: A Systematic Review

Background: The lymphoma is the most common childhood malignancy in the head and neck. Approximately 15% of head and neck lymphomas in children affect the Waldeyer's ring. Early diagnosis and treatment are of great importance in the prognosis of tonsillar lymphoma patients. Objectives: To realize a systematic review of the literature on the clinical manifestations present at diagnosis of tonsillar lymphoma in pediatric patients. Date Source: Articles in English, Spanish or Portuguese in the last 15 years about lymphoma in palatine tonsil in children from PubMed/Medline, LILACS, IBECS, Cochrane, SCIELO, BIREME and Scopus. Study eligibility criteria: It was included articles and case reports that covered the pediatric age group, up to 18 years old and that contained information of the clinical manifestations of tonsillar lymphoma at diagnosis. Results: We found 87 articles of which 18 were included; there were 66 cases of lymphoma of palatine tonsils. The most common clinical manifestations found in children with lymphoma in palatine tonsils were unilateral tonsillar enlargement (72.7%), alteration in appearance of the tonsil (45.4%) and cervical lymphadenopathy (30.3%). The presence of B symptoms occurred in only 16% of the patients. Burkitt was the most common type of lymphoma found. Conclusion: The most common clinical manifestations of lymphoma in palatine tonsil are the tonsils asymmetry, alteration in the appearance of the mucous and cervical lymphadenopathy. 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A study of nine cases lacking blood and bone marrow involvement and review of the literature (2001) Am J Clin Pathol, 115 (6), pp. 868-875Banthia, V., Jen, A., Kacker, A., Sporadic Burkitt's lymphoma of the head and neck in the pediatric population (2003) Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol, 67 (1), pp. 59-65Carvalho, M.R.M.S., Carlesse, A.A., Giancoli, S.M., Diniz, F.L., Younes, E.A., Alves, M.T.S., A case report of lymphoma non-Hodgkin in tonsil- a rare disease in topography and age onset (2003) International Congress Series, 1240, pp. 689-692Williams, M.D., Brown, H.M., The adequacy of gross pathological examination of routine tonsils and adenoids in patients 21 years old and younger (2003) Hum Pathol, 34, pp. 1053-1057Garavello, W., Romagnoli, M., Sordo, L., Incidence of unexpected malignancies in routine tonsillectomy specimens in children (2004) Laryngoscope, 114, pp. 1103-1105Sayed, H., Van Savell, H., Hutchison, R.E., Review of tonsillar lymphoma in pediatric patients from the pediatric oncology group: what can be learned about some indications for microscopic examination? 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Identification of bat trypanosomes from Minas Gerais state, Brazil, based on 18S rDNA and Cathepsin-L-like targets

Several bat species can be infected by trypanosomes, but there is not much information about which of these parasites infect bats from Triângulo Mineiro and Alto Paranaíba, Minas Gerais state, Brazil, a formerly endemic region for Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. The aim of this study was to describe, characterize, and identify the presence of trypanosomes in bats. The captured bats (448) belong to four families and to 19 different species. Of those, 37 bats were found to be positive for trypanosomes by microhematocrit, (infection rate 8.3%) and 27 were positive after hemoculture analysis. Initially, the isolates were identified by PCR (18S rDNA, 24S? rDNA, spliced leader, COII RFLP-PCR) using primers originally designed for T. cruzi. PCRs (18S rDNA, 24S? rDNA) showed compatible bands for TcI, whereas COII RFLP-PCR showed a similar pattern associated to TcII. However, there was no DNA amplification using spliced leader as a target, revealing a discrepancy between the results. Phylogenetic analysis of Cathepsin L-like and 18S rDNA sequences proved that 15 of the isolates corresponded to Trypanosoma cruzi marinkellei and one to Trypanosoma dionisii. These results revealed that the diversity of trypanosome species in a region considered endemic for Chagas disease is greater than previous descriptions. All this can confirm the necessity of using DNA sequencing approaches in order to determinate trypanosomes species isolated from bats. © 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature

Identification of bat trypanosomes from Minas Gerais state, Brazil, based on 18S rDNA and Cathepsin-L-like targets

Several bat species can be infected by trypanosomes, but there is not much information about which of these parasites infect bats from Triângulo Mineiro and Alto Paranaíba, Minas Gerais state, Brazil, a formerly endemic region for Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. The aim of this study was to describe, characterize, and identify the presence of trypanosomes in bats. The captured bats (448) belong to four families and to 19 different species. Of those, 37 bats were found to be positive for trypanosomes by microhematocrit, (infection rate 8.3%) and 27 were positive after hemoculture analysis. Initially, the isolates were identified by PCR (18S rDNA, 24S? rDNA, spliced leader, COII RFLP-PCR) using primers originally designed for T. cruzi. PCRs (18S rDNA, 24S? rDNA) showed compatible bands for TcI, whereas COII RFLP-PCR showed a similar pattern associated to TcII. However, there was no DNA amplification using spliced leader as a target, revealing a discrepancy between the results. Phylogenetic analysis of Cathepsin L-like and 18S rDNA sequences proved that 15 of the isolates corresponded to Trypanosoma cruzi marinkellei and one to Trypanosoma dionisii. These results revealed that the diversity of trypanosome species in a region considered endemic for Chagas disease is greater than previous descriptions. All this can confirm the necessity of using DNA sequencing approaches in order to determinate trypanosomes species isolated from bats. © 2018, Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature