Dashboarding : projeto e implementação de painéis analíticos

Dissertação de mestrado em Engenharia InformáticaNa atualidade, graças às elevadas capacidades computacionais e gráficas existentes, é possível dotar os sistemas de processamento analítico com ferramentas de visualização e manipulação de informação muito atrativas e de fácil utilização, em particular quando utilizamos para isso dashboards. Os dashboards tornam a interação com a informação proveniente de um sistema de processamento analítico mais interativa e eficaz, muito graças à modularidade inerente aos seus componentes gráficos e à sua qualidade inata de representar a informação graficamente. A modularidade também é uma característica importante uma vez que permite modificar o sistema utilizando apenas cliques do rato, enquanto que, por sua vez, a representação gráfica da informação facilita a sua análise e interiorização (Few, 2006a). Estas qualidades, entre outras, fazem com que os dashboards sejam uma ferramenta fulcral na análise da informação e no suporte à tomada de decisão no seio de uma empresa, tendo sempre em mente que o sucesso de uma empresa está dependente da capacidade que os seus responsáveis e funcionários têm de tomar decisões acertadas em tempo útil. Em geral, os dashboards podem ser utilizados para monitorizar o desempenho de uma empresa, tanto a nível global como a nível individual, definir estratégias de marketing, analisar tendências, entre outros. Nesta dissertação pretendeu-se investigar a utilização de dashboards em sistemas de processamento analítico, abordando desde o seu desenho até à sua implementação e exploração prática. Complementarmente, de forma a demonstrar a utilidade e vantagens desse tipo de instrumentos, procedeu-se à implementação de um sistema piloto, incorporando na sua estrutura uma coleção de dashboards providos de mecanismos de auto-adaptabilidade aos requisitos dos utilizadores.Nowadays, thanks to the existing high computational and graphical capabilities, we can endow systems with analytical processing tools for information visualization and manipulation that are very attractive and easy to use, especially when using dashboards for the purpose. Dashboards make the interaction with the information from an analytical processing system more interactive and effective, mainly due to the modularity inherent to its graphical components and their innate quality of representing the information graphically. Modularity is also an important characteristic since it allows modifying the system using only mouse clicks, whereas the graphical representation of the information facilitates it analysis and internalization (Few, 2006a). These qualities, among others, make dashboards a central tool to the analysis of information and support for decision making within a company, always bearing in mind that the success of a company is dependent on the ability of its managers and employees have to make good decisions in a timely manner. In general, dashboards can be used to monitor the performance of a company, both globally and individually, define marketing strategies, analyze trends, among others. This thesis aimed to investigate the use of dashboards in analytical processing systems, covering from design to implementation and practical exploration. In addition, to demonstrate the utility and advantages of this type of instruments, it was implemented a pilot system incorporating in its structure some dashboards provided with mechanisms of self-adaptability to the requirements of the users

Capacitação de trabalhadores em suporte básico de vida

Introdução: A capacitação dos cidadãos no auxílio a vítimas em risco de vida é fundamental em qualquer sociedade. Objetivo: avaliar os conhecimentos sobre Suporte Básico de Vida dos trabalhadores de uma Câmara Municipal do norte de Portugal, antes e após a implementação do programa de intervenção “Capacitar para Salvar” e avaliar as competências demonstradas, após a participação no programa de intervenção. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo quase-experimental e longitudinal, onde foi utilizado um questionário, constituído por 2 partes (caraterização sociodemográfica e avaliação de conhecimentos) e uma grelha de avaliação de competências. No 1º momento foram avaliados os conhecimentos sobre Suporte Básico de Vida e implementado um programa de intervenção, sendo que no 2º momento, foram avaliados os conhecimentos e competências sobre Suporte Básico de Vida. Resultados: Participaram no estudo 97 trabalhadores. Os resultados mostraram que os trabalhadores possuem conhecimentos e competências insuficientes em Suporte Básico de Vida. Discussão e Conclusões: Verificaram-se diferenças estatisticamente significativas nos conhecimentos e competências em Suporte Básico de Vida. Implicações para a prática: implementação de estratégias que promovam a formação em Suporte Básico de Vida a todos cidadãos, quer ao nível da transmissão de conhecimentos, quer da formação prática.Como citar este artigo: Monteiro MJFSP, Pereira MCARS, Carvalho RMBC, Carril ÉSB, Carril MFB, Rodrigues VMCP. Capacitação de trabalhadores em suporte básico de vida. Rev Cuid. 2018; 9(2): 2117-26. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v9i2.50

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants.

BACKGROUND: Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. METHODS: We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. FINDINGS: The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. INTERPRETATION: Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. FUNDING: WHO

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. Copyright (C) 2021 World Health Organization; licensee Elsevier

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30–79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30–79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306–359) million women and 317 (292–344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584–668) million women and 652 (604–698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55–62) of women and 49% (46–52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43–51) of women and 38% (35–41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20–27) for women and 18% (16–21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30–79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30–79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306–359) million women and 317 (292–344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584–668) million women and 652 (604–698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55–62) of women and 49% (46–52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43–51) of women and 38% (35–41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20–27) for women and 18% (16–21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings

Capacitação de trabalhadores em suporte básico de vida

Introduction: Training citizens to help victims in life-threatening situations is fundamental in any society. Objective: to evaluate the knowledge on Basic Life Support by workers in a Municipal Council of the north of Portugal, before and after implementing the intervention program “Train to Save” and assess the skills shown after participating in the intervention program. Materials and Methods: This was a quasi-experimental longitudinal study, using a questionnaire, which comprised two parts (sociodemographic characterization and evaluation of knowledge) and a skills-assessment grid. In the first moment, knowledge on Basic Life Support was evaluated and an intervention program was implemented; the second moment evaluated the knowledge and skills on Basic Life Support. Results: The study had the participation of 97 workers. The results revealed that the workers had insufficient knowledge and skills in Basic Life Support. Discussion and Conclusions: Statistically significant differences were verified of knowledge and skills in Basic Life Support. Implications for the practice: implementation of strategies that promote training in Basic Life Support for all citizens at knowledge transmission level and in practical formation.Introdução: A capacitação dos cidadãos no auxílio a vítimas em risco de vida é fundamental em qualquer sociedade. Objetivo: avaliar os conhecimentos sobre Suporte Básico de Vida dos trabalhadores de uma Câmara Municipal do norte de Portugal, antes e após a implementação do programa de intervenção “Capacitar para Salvar” e avaliar as competências demonstradas, após a participação no programa de intervenção. Materiais e Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo do tipo quase-experimental e longitudinal, onde foi utilizado um questionário, constituído por 2 partes (caraterização sociodemográfica e avaliação de conhecimentos) e uma grelha de avaliação de competências. No 1o momento foram avaliados os conhecimentos sobre Suporte Básico de Vida e implementado um programa de intervenção, sendo que no 2o momento, foram avaliados os conhecimentos e competências sobre Suporte Básico de Vida. Resultados: Participaram no estudo 97 trabalhadores. Os resultados mostraram que os trabalhadores possuem conhecimentos e competências insuficientes em Suporte Básico de Vida. Discussão e Conclusões: Verificaram-se diferenças estatisticamente significativas nos conhecimentos e competências em Suporte Básico de Vida. Implicações para a prática: implementação de estratégias que promovam a formação em Suporte Básico de Vida a todos cidadãos, quer ao nível da transmissão de conhecimentos, quer da formação prática.Introducción: La capacitación de los ciudadanos en la ayuda a las víctimas en riesgo de vida es fundamental en cualquier sociedad. Objetivo: evaluar los conocimientos sobre Soporte Básico de Vida de los trabajadores de una Cámara Municipal del Norte de Portugal, antes y después de la implementación del programa de intervención “Capacitar para Salvar” y evaluar las competencias demostradas, después de la participación en el programa de intervención. Materiales y Métodos: Se trata de un estudio de tipo cuasi-experimental y longitudinal, donde se utilizó un cuestionario, constituido por 2 partes (caracterización sociodemográfica y evaluación de conocimientos) y una plantilla de evaluación de competencias. En el 1° momento fueron evaluados los conocimientos sobre Soporte Básico de Vida e implementado un programa de intervención, siendo que en el 2o momento fueron evaluados los conocimientos y competencias sobre Soporte Básico de Vida. Resultados: Participaron en el estudio 97 trabajadores. Los resultados mostraron que los trabajadores poseen conocimientos y competencias insuficientes en Soporte Básico de Vida. Discusión y Conclusiones: Se verificaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en los conocimientos y competencias en Soporte Básico de Vida. Implicaciones para la práctica: implementación de estrategias que promuevan la formación en Soporte Básico de Vida a todos los ciudadanos, tanto en el nivel de la transmisión de conocimientos como en la formación práctica

Marine-Derived Penicillium purpurogenum Reduces Tumor Size and Ameliorates Inflammation in an Erlich Mice Model

Background: This study addresses the antitumoral properties of Penicillium purpurogenum isolated from a polluted lagoon in Northeastern Brazil. Methods: Ethyl Acetate Extracellular Extract (EAE) was used. The metabolites were studied using direct infusion mass spectrometry. The solid Ehrlich tumor model was used for antitumor activity. Female Swiss mice were divided into groups (n = 10/group) as follows: The negative control (CTL−), treated with a phosphate buffered solution; the positive control (CTL+), treated with cyclophosphamide (25 mg/kg); extract treatments at doses of 4, 20, and 100 mg/kg; animals without tumors or treatments (Sham); and animals without tumors treated with an intermediate dose (EAE20). All treatments were performed intraperitoneally, daily, for 15 days. Subsequently, the animals were euthanized, and the tumor, lymphoid organs, and serum were used for immunological, histological, and biochemical parameter evaluations. Results: The extract was rich in meroterpenoids. All doses significantly reduced tumor size, and the 20 and 100 mg/kg doses reduced tumor-associated inflammation and tumor necrosis. The extract also reduced the cellular infiltration of lymphoid organs and circulating TNF-α levels. The extract did not induce weight loss or renal and hepatic toxic changes. Conclusions: These results indicate that P. purpurogenum exhibits immunomodulatory and antitumor properties in vivo. Thus, fungal fermentation is a valid biotechnological approach to the production of antitumor agents

Where Brain, Body and World Collide

The production cross section of electrons from semileptonic decays of beauty hadrons was measured at mid-rapidity (|y| < 0.8) in the transverse momentum range 1 < pt < 8 Gev/c with the ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC in pp collisions at a center of mass energy sqrt{s} = 7 TeV using an integrated luminosity of 2.2 nb^{-1}. Electrons from beauty hadron decays were selected based on the displacement of the decay vertex from the collision vertex. A perturbative QCD calculation agrees with the measurement within uncertainties. The data were extrapolated to the full phase space to determine the total cross section for the production of beauty quark-antiquark pairs