Impact of Shrimp Cultivation on Social Life in Rural Bangladesh: A Case of Bujbunia Village in Khulna District

Abstract In rural Bangladesh, nowaday

دور مدارس القرآن الكريم في تعزيز التعليم وريادة الأعمال بسلطنة عمان The role of Holy Quran schools in promoting education and entrepreneurship in the Sultanate of Oman

أنزل الله عزوجل القرآن الكريم؛ حتى يكون هداية للبشرية أجمعين، وجعله المصدر الأول لتعاليم الشرع، وبين فيه كل ما يضبط حياة الإنسان روحيا وجسديا ومعنويا،ً وكتب الأجر العظيم لكل من قرأه وعمل به، ومن جعله منهاج حياته نال سعادةُ الدارين، وتكفل الله عز وجل بحفظه إلى يوم الدين، وتقام به أعظم أركان الإسلام وهو الصلاة، فكانت العناية بكتاب الله العظيم منذ عهد نزوله، وذلك بتلاوته حق تلاوته، وتعلمه وتعليمه بأساليب وطرق متنوعة، وتطورت أسالي ب تعليم القرآن جيلاً بعد جيل، فبدأت بحلقات التلاوة في المساجد والبيوت في عهد النبوة والصحابة رضوان الله عليهم، ثم أنشأت بعد ذلك مدارس تعليم القرآن الكريم، وهذه المدارس في وقتنا الحاضر تأخذ أشكالاً متعددةً منها في المساجد، ومنها ف ي مؤسسات مستقلة كمدرسة خاصة لتعليم القرآن الكريم، ومنها في الجمعيات الأهلية التي تأسست بهدف تعليم كتاب الله عز و جل، ومنها في المواقع الكترونية المتخصصة في تعليم إتقان وتجويد تلاوة القرآن الكريم حق تلاوة، وتحفيظه، ومدراس القرآن الكريم في الوقت السالف والحاضر لها دورها الرائد في تربية الأجيال وصقل قدراتهم على النطق الصحيح باللغة العربية الفصحى، وإتقان وتجويد قراءة كل حرف من حروفه، فالقرآن الكريم جاء لربي أمة، وينشئ مجتمعا ويقيم نظاما،ً ويبني الحضارات والأمم بقيمها الراسخة، فهو نور الهداية في الأرض، وهو طريقٌ إلى دار السعادة الأبدية، وهو طمأنينة للنفس وراحة للقلب، ولذا سوف يتناول هذا البحث دور مدارس القرآن الكريم ومن في حكمها في تعزيز التعليم العام وآثارها المتعددة في ريادة الأعمال على الفرد والمجتمع، ويتم ذلك من خلال ذكر بعض النماذج من مدارس القرآن الكريم في المجتمع العماني، والجمعيات الأهلية والرسمية، وخلصت الدراسة إلى نتائج من أهمها: أن لمدارس القرآن الكريم دوراً عظيما في جانب ريادة التعليم وتق د م المجتمعات والحضارات، فالتربية القرآنية تنتج أجيالاً تتسم بأخلاق عالية وقيم إسلامية راسخة تعود أثرها على المجتمعات تقدما ورقيا في جميع المجالات سواء كانت تعليمية أو اقتصادية أو حضارية

Patient’s Satisfaction with Health Care Services in Erbil City/Iraq

Background and objective: Patient satisfaction is one of the most important factors to determine the success of a health care facility. It is a relative phenomenon, which evaluates the patients’ perceived needs, their expectations from a health system, and the experience of health care. Patient satisfaction is the main goal today for most health care organizations, from hospitals to physician practices and other health care agencies. This study aimed to compare patient satisfaction with the health care services provided by public and private hospitals in Erbil City. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using a non-probability purposive sample of 450 patients (225 from public and 225 from private hospitals) who were seeking health care in hospitals in Erbil City. The data were collected between the 7th of January and 15th of November 2016 by direct interviews and filling of the standardized questionnaires (Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire-18). Results and Discussion: Most of the patients in public hospitals expressed a neutral level of satisfaction with received health services (80.9%) while 10.7% were dissatisfied and only 8.4% were satisfied with the provided health care. On the contrary, most of the patients in private hospitals (80%) were satisfied with their care, with only 20% expressing a neutral level of satisfaction with private health care services. These findings show that there is a very high statistical difference between patient satisfaction in the governmental and private hospitals in Erbil City (Mean ± Standard Deviation 45.35 ± 3.520), (56.42 ± 5.696) (p-value= <0.001). Conclusion: Most of the patients were satisfied with private health care services but not with public hospitals health services in selected hospitals in Erbil City in Iraq

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices related to COVID-19 among People in Kurdistan Region of Iraq: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Background and objective: COVID-19 illness is a serious public health concern worldwide. The people in Iraqi Kurdistan have little knowledge about Coronaviruses. It was noticed that in the Kurdistan Region, the COVID-19 infection was not dealt with as required in terms of knowledge, attitudes, and practice. This study aimed to identify the level of knowledge and attitudes of Kurdish people in addition to their practices concerning COVID-19. Methods: This study adopted an online cross-sectional survey design and was conducted from March 23 to April 2, 2020, to collect data from Iraqi Kurdistan Region citizens who were asked about their knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to COVID-19. Results: The majority of the study participants were young and male (62.5%). Most respondents (92.9%) were optimistic that the government could take necessary procedures to reduce the risks of COVID-19 infection. Less than half of the participants wore masks and gloves when they left home (41.4%, 45.1% males and females respectively). Most of the participants had good knowledge (74%), and good practice (64.6%), and the vast majority had a positive attitude (98.1%) concerning COVID-19. Conclusions: Less than half of the participants who got engaged in this study wore masks and gloves whenever they went out. Hereby, the participants are to be provided with an extensive health education program so they can increase their awareness of COVID-19 infection

Effect of dental trauma management resources on dental practitioners' confidence and knowledge: A pilot cross-sectional study

Background/Aim: The knowledge of standardized care guidelines is critical to the confidence of practitioners in managing dental trauma. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the awareness, use and impact of the International Association of Dental Traumatology guidelines, and the online Dental Trauma Guide on general dental practitioners' self-reported confidence and knowledge in managing traumatic dental injuries in the primary and permanent dentitions. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, pre-piloted, 27-item self-administered questionnaire survey was distributed electronically to general dental practitioners' working within five member states of the Gulf Cooperation Council countries (Kingdom of Bahrain, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Oman, and Qatar) between September and December 2020. Data were collected and analysed using descriptive statistics and Wilcoxon Signed Rank test analysis for relevant comparisons. Results: A total of 294 respondents completed the survey, with the majority being from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (47.4%) and Qatar (27.3%). A lack of evidence-based knowledge in managing traumatic dental injuries was evident among more than half of the respondents. Respondents who were cognizant of the recent International Association of Dental Traumatology guidelines (2020) and those who use the Dental Trauma Guide routinely demonstrated a higher self-reported confidence level in managing both simple and complex primary dentition trauma, as well as simple traumatic dental injuries in the permanent dentition (p <.05). Conclusion: This survey highlights critical deficiencies in the knowledge of a large number of the respondents in the management of dental trauma which is likely to cause irreversible long-term patient effects.Open Access funding provided by the Qatar National Library

Impact of opioid-free analgesia on pain severity and patient satisfaction after discharge from surgery: multispecialty, prospective cohort study in 25 countries

Background: Balancing opioid stewardship and the need for adequate analgesia following discharge after surgery is challenging. This study aimed to compare the outcomes for patients discharged with opioid versus opioid-free analgesia after common surgical procedures.Methods: This international, multicentre, prospective cohort study collected data from patients undergoing common acute and elective general surgical, urological, gynaecological, and orthopaedic procedures. The primary outcomes were patient-reported time in severe pain measured on a numerical analogue scale from 0 to 100% and patient-reported satisfaction with pain relief during the first week following discharge. Data were collected by in-hospital chart review and patient telephone interview 1 week after discharge.Results: The study recruited 4273 patients from 144 centres in 25 countries; 1311 patients (30.7%) were prescribed opioid analgesia at discharge. Patients reported being in severe pain for 10 (i.q.r. 1-30)% of the first week after discharge and rated satisfaction with analgesia as 90 (i.q.r. 80-100) of 100. After adjustment for confounders, opioid analgesia on discharge was independently associated with increased pain severity (risk ratio 1.52, 95% c.i. 1.31 to 1.76; P &lt; 0.001) and re-presentation to healthcare providers owing to side-effects of medication (OR 2.38, 95% c.i. 1.36 to 4.17; P = 0.004), but not with satisfaction with analgesia (beta coefficient 0.92, 95% c.i. -1.52 to 3.36; P = 0.468) compared with opioid-free analgesia. Although opioid prescribing varied greatly between high-income and low- and middle-income countries, patient-reported outcomes did not.Conclusion: Opioid analgesia prescription on surgical discharge is associated with a higher risk of re-presentation owing to side-effects of medication and increased patient-reported pain, but not with changes in patient-reported satisfaction. Opioid-free discharge analgesia should be adopted routinely

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Search for supersymmetry in events with one lepton and multiple jets in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

Peer reviewe

An embedding technique to determine ττ backgrounds in proton-proton collision data

An embedding technique is presented to estimate standard model tau tau backgrounds from data with minimal simulation input. In the data, the muons are removed from reconstructed mu mu events and replaced with simulated tau leptons with the same kinematic properties. In this way, a set of hybrid events is obtained that does not rely on simulation except for the decay of the tau leptons. The challenges in describing the underlying event or the production of associated jets in the simulation are avoided. The technique described in this paper was developed for CMS. Its validation and the inherent uncertainties are also discussed. The demonstration of the performance of the technique is based on a sample of proton-proton collisions collected by CMS in 2017 at root s = 13 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 41.5 fb(-1).Peer reviewe