Validation of the Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ) for Colombian population

The standardization of the Body Shape Questionnaire test was performed on a typical Colombian population, consisting of a group of 1939 pre-teenager and teenager girls, aged between 9 and 19. The average age was 14, with a standard deviation of 1.83 years .The sample was randomly chosen from 7 schools (4 public and 3 private institutions), located in the city of Popayán (Cauca, Colombia). The study group was selected with the use of a stratified sampling method by blocks, choosing the 10% of the public and private institutions from the entire population and taking the total available sample. The findings of the study show that the test is divided into two factors that have high theoretical coherence. This could be expected from a construct which refers not only to corporal dissatisfaction in general, but that is associated with corporal weight gain. In consequence, the test would not be searching for a generalized dysmorphic characteristic but for one that is associated with concern about being overweight or obese. The first factor was called Corporal Dissatisfaction and the second, Concern about Weight. The standardization method used was construct validation through factorial analysis with Varimax rotation, resulting in a high differentiation between the two above mentioned factors. A KMO (Kayser Meyer Olkin) of 0.98 with a variance of 52.3% was yielded. The internal consistency was calculated by means of Cronbach alpha with intraclass correlation coefficient, yielding a measured value of 0.95 for the whole instrument, 0.95 for the first factor and 0.92 for the second factor. The scores were typified in percentiles, setting 85 as the cutting point, which is equivalent to a direct score of 59 for the Corporal Dissatisfaction factor, 54 for the Concern about Weight factor, and 112 for the general score.Se realizó la estandarización de la prueba Body Shape Questionnaire en población normal colombiana, al elegir un grupo de 1939 niñas, preadolescentes y adolescentes escolarizadas en siete colegios (cuatro públicos y tres privados), con edades comprendidas entre los 9 y 19 años, elegidas de forma aleatoria en la ciudad de Popayán (Departamento del Cauca, Colombia). El promedio de edad fue de 14 años con una desviación estándar de 1.83 años. La elección se hizo por un muestreo estratificado por bloques, mediante el cual se seleccionó el 10% de las instituciones públicas y privadas de la población, y se tomó la muestra disponible en su totalidad. En este estudio se encontró que la prueba se divide en dos factores con una alta coherencia teórica que se podría esperar de un constructo en donde no sólo se habla de insatisfacción corporal en general, sino asociado la ganancia de peso corporal. No se estaría explorando, entonces, una característica dismórfica generalizada, sino aquélla asociada a la preocupación que causa el tener sobrepeso u obesidad. El primer factor se llamó Insatisfacción Corporal y el segundo Preocupación por el Peso. El método de estandarización usado fue el de validación de constructo a través del análisis factorial con rotación Varimax, que permitió obtener, altamente diferenciados, los dos factores mencionados anteriormente; es decir, se obtuvo un KMO (Kayser Meyer Olkin) de 0,98 y con una varianza de 52,3%. La consistencia interna se calculó por medio de un alfa de Cronbach, con coeficiente de correlación intraclase, con el que se obtuvo una medida de 0,95 para el instrumento en general, 0,95 para el primer factor y 0,92 para el segundo factor. Las puntuaciones se tipificaron en percentiles, estableciendo como punto de corte el percentil 85 que equivale a una puntuación directa de 59 para el factor de Insatisfacción Corporal, de 54 para el factor de Preocupación por el Peso y de 112 para la puntuación general

Bacteria-instructed B cells cross-prime naïve CD8+ T cells triggering effective cytotoxic responses.

In addition to triggering humoral responses, conventional B cells have been described in vitro to cross-present exogenous antigens activating naïve CD8+ T cells. Nevertheless, the way B cells capture these exogenous antigens and the physiological roles of B cell-mediated cross-presentation remain poorly explored. Here, we show that B cells capture bacteria by trans-phagocytosis from previously infected dendritic cells (DC) when they are in close contact. Bacterial encounter "instructs" the B cells to acquire antigen cross-presentation abilities, in a process that involves autophagy. Bacteria-instructed B cells, henceforth referred to as BacB cells, rapidly degrade phagocytosed bacteria, process bacterial antigens and cross-prime naïve CD8+ T cells which differentiate into specific cytotoxic cells that efficiently control bacterial infections. Moreover, a proof-of-concept experiment shows that BacB cells that have captured bacteria expressing tumor antigens could be useful as novel cellular immunotherapies against cancer.We are grateful to advanced light microscopy and cytometry facilities of CNB for technical supporting. The research is supported by grants: SAF2017-84091- R, and PID2020-116393RB-I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, financed by MCIN, BFERO2020.04, financed by FERO foundation and PI20/0036 from ISCIII. RGF is supported by BES-2016-076526 from the Spanish Ministry of Economy Industry and Competitiveness, JOP is supported by fellowship LCF/BQ/SO16/ 52270012 from La Caixa, BHF is supported by FPU18/00895 and AMP by FPU18/03199 from Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities. LdC has been supported by Juan de la Cierva grant IJC2018-035386-I and a contract associated to SEV-2017-0712. EVC, AMP, AMAM, and NMM belong to the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)’s Cancer Hub. Synopsis image made with biorender.com by Eduardo Roman Camacho and Esteban Veiga. We thanks Prof. Dan Portnoy who kindly provided bacterial strains.S

A neurodegenerative disease landscape of rare mutations in Colombia due to founder effects

Background The Colombian population, as well as those in other Latin American regions, arose from a recent tri-continental admixture among Native Americans, Spanish invaders, and enslaved Africans, all of whom passed through a population bottleneck due to widespread infectious diseases that left small isolated local settlements. As a result, the current population reflects multiple founder effects derived from diverse ancestries. Methods We characterized the role of admixture and founder effects on the origination of the mutational landscape that led to neurodegenerative disorders under these historical circumstances. Genomes from 900 Colombian individuals with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) [n = 376], frontotemporal lobar degeneration-motor neuron disease continuum (FTLD-MND) [n = 197], early-onset dementia not otherwise specified (EOD) [n = 73], and healthy participants [n = 254] were analyzed. We examined their global and local ancestry proportions and screened this cohort for deleterious variants in disease-causing and risk-conferring genes. Results We identified 21 pathogenic variants in AD-FTLD related genes, and PSEN1 harbored the majority (11 pathogenic variants). Variants were identified from all three continental ancestries. TREM2 heterozygous and homozygous variants were the most common among AD risk genes (102 carriers), a point of interest because the disease risk conferred by these variants differed according to ancestry. Several gene variants that have a known association with MND in European populations had FTLD phenotypes on a Native American haplotype. Consistent with founder effects, identity by descent among carriers of the same variant was frequent. Conclusions Colombian demography with multiple mini-bottlenecks probably enhanced the detection of founder events and left a proportionally higher frequency of rare variants derived from the ancestral populations. These findings demonstrate the role of genomically defined ancestry in phenotypic disease expression, a phenotypic range of different rare mutations in the same gene, and further emphasize the importance of inclusiveness in genetic studies.Q2Q2Antecedentes La población colombiana, así como la de otras regiones latinoamericanas, surgió de una mezcla tricontinental reciente entre los nativos americanos, los invasores españoles y los africanos esclavizados, todos los cuales pasaron por un cuello de botella poblacional debido a enfermedades infecciosas generalizadas que dejaron a pequeños aislados. asentamientos locales. Como resultado, la población actual refleja múltiples efectos fundadores derivados de diversas ascendencias. Métodos Caracterizamos el papel de la mezcla y los efectos fundadores en el origen del paisaje mutacional que condujo a trastornos neurodegenerativos en estas circunstancias históricas. Genomas de 900 individuos colombianos con enfermedad de Alzheimer (EA) [n = 376], continuo degeneración lobar frontotemporal-enfermedad de la motoneurona (FTLD-MND) [n = 197], demencia de inicio temprano no especificada (EOD) [n = 73 ], y participantes sanos [n = 254] fueron analizados. Examinamos sus proporciones de ascendencia global y local y examinamos esta cohorte en busca de variantes nocivas en los genes que causan enfermedades y confieren riesgos. Resultados Identificamos 21 variantes patogénicas en genes relacionados con AD-FTLD, y PSEN1 albergaba la mayoría (11 variantes patogénicas). Se identificaron variantes de las tres ascendencias continentales. Las variantes heterocigotas y homocigotas de TREM2 fueron las más comunes entre los genes de riesgo de EA (102 portadores), un punto de interés porque el riesgo de enfermedad conferido por estas variantes difería según la ascendencia. Varias variantes genéticas que tienen una asociación conocida con MND en poblaciones europeas tenían fenotipos FTLD en un haplotipo nativo americano. De acuerdo con los efectos del fundador, la identidad por descendencia entre portadores de la misma variante fue frecuente. Conclusiones La demografía colombiana con múltiples mini-cuellos de botella probablemente mejoró la detección de eventos fundadores y dejó una frecuencia proporcionalmente más alta de variantes raras derivadas de las poblaciones ancestrales. Estos hallazgos demuestran el papel de la ascendencia definida genómicamente en la expresión fenotípica de la enfermedad, un rango fenotípico de diferentes mutaciones raras en el mismo gen, y enfatizan aún más la importancia de la inclusión en los estudios genéticos.https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6529-7077https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=es&user=kaGongoAAAAJ&view_op=list_works&sortby=pubdatehttps://scienti.minciencias.gov.co/cvlac/visualizador/generarCurriculoCv.do?cod_rh=0000055000&lang=esRevista Internacional - Indexad

A neurodegenerative disease landscape of rare mutations in Colombia due to founder effects.

Background: The Colombian population, as well as those in other Latin American regions, arose from a recent tri-continental admixture among Native Americans, Spanish invaders, and enslaved Africans, all of whom passed through a population bottleneck due to widespread infectious diseases that left small isolated local settlements. As a result, the current population reflects multiple founder effects derived from diverse ancestries. Methods: We characterized the role of admixture and founder effects on the origination of the mutational landscape that led to neurodegenerative disorders under these historical circumstances. Genomes from 900 Colombian individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) [n = 376], frontotemporal lobar degeneration-motor neuron disease continuum (FTLD-MND) [n = 197], early-onset dementia not otherwise specified (EOD) [n = 73], and healthy participants [n = 254] were analyzed. We examined their global and local ancestry proportions and screened this cohort for deleterious variants in disease-causing and risk-conferring genes. Results: We identified 21 pathogenic variants in AD-FTLD related genes, and PSEN1 harbored the majority (11 pathogenic variants). Variants were identified from all three continental ancestries. TREM2 heterozygous and homozygous variants were the most common among AD risk genes (102 carriers), a point of interest because the disease risk conferred by these variants differed according to ancestry. Several gene variants that have a known association with MND in European populations had FTLD phenotypes on a Native American haplotype. Consistent with founder effects, identity by descent among carriers of the same variant was frequent. Conclusions: Colombian demography with multiple mini-bottlenecks probably enhanced the detection of founder events and left a proportionally higher frequency of rare variants derived from the ancestral populations. These findings demonstrate the role of genomically defined ancestry in phenotypic disease expression, a phenotypic range of different rare mutations in the same gene, and further emphasize the importance of inclusiveness in genetic studies

Search for top squark pair production in pp collisions at root s=13 TeV using single lepton events

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Search for narrow resonances in dilepton mass spectra in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV and combination with 8 TeV data

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Search for heavy gauge W ' bosons in events with an energetic lepton and large missing transverse momentum at root s=13TeV

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Search for anomalous Wtb couplings and flavour-changing neutral currents in t-channel single top quark production in pp collisions at root s=7 and 8 TeV

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Search for massive resonances decaying in to WW,WZ or ZZ bosons in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

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Search for supersymmetry in events with photons and missing transverse energy in pp collisions at 13 TeV

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