The Ethnomusicologist and the Transmission of Tradition

African and African American StudiesMusi

LBJ, the Rhetoric of Transcendence, and the Civil Rights Act of 1968

The Civil Rights Act of 1968 was the result of a complex convergence of presidential public persuasion in a context of increasing domestic violence associated with a series of summer disturbances and the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. Analysis of Lyndon Johnson\u27s public discourse supporting the 1968 Civil Rights Act reveals that rhetorical transcendence was employed as a recurrent strategy in attempts to pass legislation

Fluid Mechanics of Plankton

The cooperation between plankton biologists and fluid dynamists has enhanced our knowledge of life within the plankton communities in ponds, lakes, and seas. This book assembled contributions on plankton–flow interactions, with an emphasis on syntheses and/or predictions. However, a wide range of novel insights, reasonable scenarios, and founded critiques are also considered in this book

Cavity dynamics of water entry for spheres and ballistic projectiles

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2009.Includes bibliographical references.The free surface impact of solid objects has been investigated for well over a century. This canonical problem has many facets that may be studied: object geometry, surface treatment, and diameter; impact speed and angle; and fluid viscosity and surface tension. The problem is further enriched with the consideration of varying mass ratios and rotational velocities. This thesis uses advanced high-speed imaging and visualization techniques to discover underlying physics and further our understanding of these phenomena through improvements to analytical solutions describing criterion such as cavity formation, depth of deep seal, and trajectory for all impact parameters studied. The topic is extended to the impact of high-speed projectiles or bullets. Through experimentation the trajectory, cavity size, and forces acting on the projectiles are elucidated. Experimentation coupled with improvements to an existing cavitation model lead to an improved bullet design that forms a narrower cavity and achieves higher speeds. Industrial applications include ship slamming, extreme waves and weather on oil platforms, sprayed adhesives, paint aerosols and ink jet printing. In the field of naval hydrodynamics there is particular interest as these problems relate to the study of the water entry of mines and bullets, and the underwater launching of torpedos and missiles. Physical insight can also be applied to sports performance research relating to the water entry of athletes, reducing drag of swimmers near the free surface, decreasing cavity formation for divers, and the entry and exit of oars in rowing.(cont.) This thesis examines the effect of several key parameters on the water entry physics of spheres at relatively low Froude numbers including: hydrophobic vs. hydrophilic surfaces, mass ratio and rotational velocity. Physical models that predict the depth of deep seal and the effect of dynamic and static wetting angle on cavity formation will be discussed. Theories are derived from physical parameters witnessed through high-speed video image sequences using advanced image processing techniques. New phenomena have been witnessed via these techniques including a wedge of fluid that crosses the cavity in the case of transverse rotational velocity. Furthermore, the images reveal the forces acting on the sphere through the entire trajectory, which adds valuable information for future theoretical models. The discussion continues with the water entry of bullets, which produce water vapor cavities large enough to engulf the projectile (i.e. supercavitation). The effects of speed, geometry and angle of attack on the formation of the subsurface cavity are analyzed through an improved physical model and full scale experimentation. The analytical model is then used to improve the design of projectile geometry to allow for more efficient travel inside the cavity and experimentally validated.by Tadd Trevor Truscott.Ph.D

Industrial districts, urban areas or both? The location behaviour of foreign and domestic firms in an Italian manufacturing region

The present paper aims at exploring the location behaviour of manufacturing firms, according to their ownership: domestic firms (henceforth DOMs) and inward foreign direct investments (henceforth IFDIs). This issue is empirically addressed by using data on manufacturing IFDIs and on DOMs in Veneto (north-east Italy) from the Reprint, AIDA and ISTAT databases. Veneto is an industrial district region, specialized in the Made-in-Italy sectors, hosting a central metropolitan area (Padua) and attracting a high share of IFDIs. Geo-referenced mapping and econometric analysis (counterfactual) are developed to explore the location behaviour of the two groups of firms. In line with previous work, findings show that IFDIs are more likely to be located in areas close to the main urban centres, such as the metropolitan area of Padua, to exploit the advantages of complex environments and higher connectivity. However, they also tend to locate in district areas more often than their DOMs counterfactual, suggesting the objective of acquiring a system of specialized productive knowledge and skills developed within a district ecosystem, and hardly reproducible in other contexts

Developing a business innovation perspective of electric vehicle uptake: lessons from Milton Keynes' electric vehicle programme

Electrification of transport forms a major part of British policy for energy and climate change. The formation of the early market for Electric Vehicles (EVs) has been supported through consumer subsidies, regulatory support, and programmes for the deployment of electric vehicle charging infrastructure, but uptake does not seem to be proceeding at the rate needed for meeting policy objectives. The approach pursued by policy actors is consistent with the approach of Strategic Niche Management (SNM), which would call for the creation of protected spaces to facilitate the development of new sociotechnical configurations. The Plugged-in Programme (PiP) in Milton Keynes is an example of creating a protective space. A comparison of PiP and other case studies in the literature of sociotechnical transitions identified a gap in SNM that may shed light on the limitations of EV policy in the UK. Traditionally, SNM has been used to monitor and manage interventions in support of prototype or pre-production vehicles. In consequence, there is no precedent for its application in support of early market technologies. The market introduction of innovative technologies can trigger interrelated technological and behavioural changes, affecting the preferences of producers and consumers while altering the demand structure of the sector. However, SNM does not account for the patterns of use and demand implied in what remain largely technological templates for the future. This thesis begins to develop a framework for the analysis and management of early market strategic niches. Insights from a second discipline, that of social marketing, were sought to complement the analytical tools of SNM. Social marketing is useful for understanding the effect of behavioural and market factors on the adoption of innovative technologies. Social marketing provides a framework for analysing and influencing behaviour in socially beneficial directions. Behaviour and choice are modulated through the application of a marketing orientation, identifying and addressing needs and creating valuable offerings. This research is centred on organizational users of electric vehicles (EVs), and explores the effectiveness of the policy portfolio for addressing the needs of early adopters and for building an early market for EVs. Thematic analysis, a form of qualitative content analysis, is applied to evidence from documentary sources, participant observation and interviews with key organizational actors in the community of pioneering and prospective EV users. The analysis draws on concepts from SNM and social marketing to explore previously neglected forces affecting the early market for EVs, with particular focus on the increasing importance of market selection and the competition presented by an entrenched but socially undesirable incumbent. Contrary to the expectations of policy actors, financial incentives and infrastructure deployment have a limited impact on the choices made by organizational actors. This thesis shows that the processes of learning and embedding that take place within the niche need to be multidimensional. Before a choice can be made, pioneering and prospective adopters of EVs invest considerable effort in the collaborative construction of new patterns of use and demand. This process can be supported by empowering interventions that identify suitable applications (creating multiple sub-niches within the niche) and facilitate the co-construction of new, competitive configurations around them. The models and networks created through this multidimensional, collaborative process translate into capabilities that give distinct advantages to pioneering adopters, allowing them to expand beyond their original niche and outperform the incumbents in mainstream markets

Improving risk management for violence in mental health services: a multimethods approach

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