EROTICISM AND SEDUCTION IN WOMEN WITH FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY

Existe un 10% de la población que padece alguna diversidad funcional (Discapacidad). El 58% de estas personas son mujeres. Mujeres que con bastante frecuencia sufren una doble discriminación: tener una diversidad funcional y ser mujer. Esto las hace mucho más vulnerables a la hora de recibir cualquier tipo de abuso. Entre ellos es demasiado habitual el abuso sexual. Según estudios realizados, la ratio de mujeres con discapacidad que los sufren puede llegar a ser cinco veces mayor que la del 90% de mujeres restante. En cambio, existe una asombrosa contradicción: las mujeres con diversidad funcional son consideradas como seres que carecen de sexualidad, de erotismo, de deseos sexuales e incapaces de atraer sexualmente a otra persona. En este trabajo pretendemos mostrar como diversos artistas han plasmado en sus obras de arte mujeres con discapacidad como sujetos de deseo, con erotismo, con poder de seducción… rompiendo así con todos los estereotipos y creencias acerca de su asexualidad y carencia de atractivo. Por último, haremos referencia a la reciente corriente «devotee»: personas sin discapacidad que sienten una peculiar atracción por quienes sí tienen una discapacidad, lesión o amputación.There is a 10% of the population suffering from some disability. 58% of them are women. These women often suffer double discrimination: they have a disability person and they are woman. This makes them much more fragil when receiving any type of abuse. Among them is too habitual sexual abuse. According to studies conducted, the ratio of women with disabilities who suffer can be five times greater than the remaining 90% of women. However, there is a striking contradiction: women with disability are considered as people without sexuality, erotic, sexual desires and unable to sexually attract another person. n this job, we show how various artists have captured in their artwork disabled women as subjects of desire, erotic, seduction ... breaking all the stereotypes and beliefs about their asexuality and lack of appeal. Finally, we refer to the recent stream «devotee» people without disabled who feel a particular attraction for who have a disability, injury or amputation

PAIN AND DIFFERENCE. CINEMA AND DISABILITY

La violencia de género es sin duda una de las lacras sociales más difícil de eliminar. En las últimas décadas se ha hecho visible, y la lucha contra ella está presente en todos los ámbitos. En cambio, existe un importante colectivo de mujeres que con demasiada frecuencia son olvidadas, todo y que reciben más violencia que las demás (una ratio de dos a cinco veces más). Nos referimos a las mujeres con diversidad funcional. Las personas con diversidad funcional sufren múltiples situaciones de violencia en su día a día. No solo físicas, a veces una mirada puede causar más dolor que cualquier otra agresión. La sociedad a menudo no es consciente de estos actos y por ello suelen ser ignorados por la mayoría. Pero esto no quiere decir que no estén. El arte, en particular el cine, espejo difuminado de la realidad, parece que sí que se ha dado cuenta.La violencia de género es sin duda una de las lacras sociales más difícil de eliminar. En las últimas décadas se ha hecho visible, y la lucha contra ella está presente en todos los ámbitos. En cambio, existe un importante colectivo de mujeres que con demasiada frecuencia son olvidadas, todo y que reciben más violencia que las demás (una ratio de dos a cinco veces más). Nos referimos a las mujeres con diversidad funcional. Las personas con diversidad funcional sufren múltiples situaciones de violencia en su día a día. No solo físicas, a veces una mirada puede causar más dolor que cualquier otra agresión. La sociedad a menudo no es consciente de estos actos y por ello suelen ser ignorados por la mayoría. Pero esto no quiere decir que no estén. El arte, en particular el cine, espejo difuminado de la realidad, parece que sí que se ha dado cuenta

Erotismo y seducción en mujeres con diversidad funcional

Existe un 10% de la población que padece alguna diversidad funcional (Discapacidad). El 58% de estas personas son mujeres. Mujeres que con bastante frecuencia sufren una doble discriminación: tener una diversidad funcional y ser mujer. Esto las hace mucho más vulnerables a la hora de recibir cualquier tipo de abuso. Entre ellos es demasiado habitual el abuso sexual. Según estudios realizados, la ratio de mujeres con discapacidad que los sufren puede llegar a ser 5 veces mayor que la del 90% de mujeres restante. En cambio, existe una asombrosa contradicción: las mujeres con diversidad funcional son consideradas como seres que carecen de sexualidad, de erotismo, de deseos sexuales e incapaces de atraer sexualmente a otra persona. En este trabajo pretendemos mostrar como diversos artistas han plasmado en sus obras de arte mujeres con discapacidad como sujetos de deseo, con erotismo, con poder de seducción… rompiendo así con todos los estereotipos y creencias acerca de su asexualidad y carencia de atractivo. Por último, haremos referencia a la reciente corriente «devotee»: personas sin discapacidad que sienten una peculiar atracción por quienes sí tienen una discapacidad, lesión o amputación

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Erotismo y seducción en mujeres con diversidad funcional

There is a 10% of the population suffering from some disability. 58% of them are women. These women often suffer double discrimination: they have a disability person and they are woman. This makes them much more fragil when receiving any type of abuse. Among them is too habitual sexual abuse. According to studies conducted, the ratio of women with disabilities who suffer can be five times greater than the remaining 90% of women. However, there is a striking contradiction: women with disability are considered as people without sexuality, erotic, sexual desires and unable to sexually attract another person. In this job, we show how various artists have captured in their artwork disabled women as subjects of desire, erotic, seduction ... breaking all the stereotypes and beliefs about their asexuality and lack of appeal. Finally, we refer to the recent stream «devotee» people without disabled who feel a particular attraction for who have a disability, injury or amputation.Existe un 10% de la población que padece alguna diversidad funcional (Discapacidad). El 58% de estas personas son mujeres. Mujeres que con bastante frecuencia sufren una doble discriminación: tener una diversidad funcional y ser mujer. Esto las hace mucho más vulnerables a la hora de recibir cualquier tipo de abuso. Entre ellos es demasiado habitual el abuso sexual. Según estudios realizados, la ratio de mujeres con discapacidad que los sufren puede llegar a ser cinco veces mayor que la del 90% de mujeres restante. En cambio, existe una asombrosa contradicción: las mujeres con diversidad funcional son consideradas como seres que carecen de sexualidad, de erotismo, de deseos sexuales e incapaces de atraer sexualmente a otra persona. En este trabajo pretendemos mostrar como diversos artistas han plasmado en sus obras de arte mujeres con discapacidad como sujetos de deseo, con erotismo, con poder de seducción... rompiendo así con todos los estereotipos y creencias acerca de su asexualidad y carencia de atractivo. Por último, haremos referencia a la reciente corriente «devotee»: personas sin discapacidad que sienten una peculiar atracción por quienes sí tienen una discapacidad, lesión o amputación

Alison Lapper: Arte, género y diversidad funcional

Retrato de la artista Alison Lappe