61 research outputs found
Teaching Sustainability: Recommendations for Best Pedagogical Practices
Although sustainability has become a key focus in higher education, developing a better understanding of how sustainability competencies can be cultivated in college and university courses and programs is still needed. This article argues that learners who are to become capable of affecting holistic sustainable change, transforming values and culture, healing the earth and human communities, and designing creative solutions, must have the opportunity to engage in learning processes that reflect these learning outcomes. We outline key elements of sustainability pedagogy and suggest best pedagogical practices for designing engaging and holistic sustainability learning, and highlight these practices through a sustainability course offered at our institution
Diversity of the brown alga Dictyota between deep and shallow reefs of Hawaii
In this presentation, I compile the results of 10 weeks of an NSF-funded REU during the summer of 2018. This research is regarding the biodiversity of Dictyota species found in the mesophotic and shallow reef ecosystems in the Hawaiian islands
Motif Minang Kaluak Paku Kacang Balimbiang pada Busana Kasual
Minangkabau sebagai salah satu suku bangsa yang mengisi kekhasan
budaya Indonesia memiliki warisan budaya yang terpencar dalam berbagai aspek
kehidupannya. Salah satu warisan budaya adalah seni ukir. Seni ukir yang
dikembangkan dengan mengambil ide dari alam memiliki makna-makna filosofi
bagi kehidupan masyarakat Minangkabau. Semua jenis ukiran yang dipahatkan di
Rumah Gadang menunjukkan unsur penting pembentuk budaya Minangkabau
bercerminkan kepada apa yang ada di alam. Salah satu ukiran pada rumah gadang
yaitu kaluak paku. Kaluak paku adalah nama salah satu motif ukiran dalam adat
Minangkabau. Berasal dari motif gulungan (kelukan/kaluak) pada ujung tanaman
pakis (paku) yang masih muda. Ukiran kaluak paku rumah gadang melambangkan
tanggung jawab seorang lelaki dalam adat Minangkabau kepada generasi penerus,
sebagai ayah dari anak-anaknya dan sebagai mamak dari kemenakan (keponakan).
Ukiran rumah gadang kaluak paku minangkabau inilah yang menjadi sumber ide
penciptaan busana pada tugas akhir ini.
Pada Penciptaan karya ini menggunakan beberapa metode, yaitu metode
pendekatan estetis dan ergonomis, metode pengumpulan data dengan studi
pustaka, dan motode penciptaan dengan teori Gustami Sp 3 tahap 6 Langkah.
Dalam proses pembuatan karya dibutuhkan beberapa data, cara pengumpulan data
acuan berdasarkan pengumpulan data pustaka yaitu berupa buku, jurnal pada
media sosial, serta aplikasi pada smartphone seperti pinterest. Data yang
dikumpulkan yang paling utama adalah gambar bentuk visual dari ukiran tanaman
kaluak paku minangkabau dan busana kasual.
Penciptaan karya yang dihasilkan yaitu berupa 8 busana kasual. Siluet pada
kesuluruhan hasil karya yaitu memiliki siluet A yang mengembang pada bagian
bawah. Pada penciptaan karya ini menggunakan bahan utama primisima.
Perpaduan warna yang diterapkan menggunakan warna khas minangkabau yang
diambil dari warna bendera adatnya “marawa” yaitu merah, hitam, dan kuning.
Karya- karya yang dihasilkan dengan penggunaan warna tersebut sangat sesuai
dengan tema yang mengangkat ukiran rumah gadang kaluak paku minangkabau.
Kata Kunci : Minang, Kaluak Paku Kacang Balimbiang, Kasua
The coral core microbiome identifies rare bacterial taxa as ubiquitous endosymbionts
© 2015 International Society for Microbial Ecology All rights reserved. Despite being one of the simplest metazoans, corals harbor some of the most highly diverse and abundant microbial communities. Differentiating core, symbiotic bacteria from this diverse hostassociated consortium is essential for characterizing the functional contributions of bacteria but has not been possible yet. Here we characterize the coral core microbiome and demonstrate clear phylogenetic and functional divisions between the micro-scale, niche habitats within the coral host. In doing so, we discover seven distinct bacterial phylotypes that are universal to the core microbiome of coral species, separated by thousands of kilometres of oceans. The two most abundant phylotypes are co-localized specifically with the corals' endosymbiotic algae and symbiont-containing host cells. These bacterial symbioses likely facilitate the success of the dinoflagellate endosymbiosis with corals in diverse environmental regimes
Populations of planets in multiple star systems
Astronomers have discovered that both planets and binaries are abundant
throughout the Galaxy. In combination, we know of over 100 planets in binary
and higher-order multi-star systems, in both circumbinary and circumstellar
configurations. In this chapter we review these findings and some of their
implications for the formation of both stars and planets. Most of the planets
found have been circumstellar, where there is seemingly a ruinous influence of
the second star if sufficiently close (<50 AU). Hosts of hot Jupiters have been
a particularly popular target for binary star studies, showing an enhanced rate
of stellar multiplicity for moderately wide binaries (>100 AU). This was
thought to be a sign of Kozai-Lidov migration, however recent studies have
shown this mechanism to be too inefficient to account for the majority of hot
Jupiters. A couple of dozen circumbinary planets have been proposed around both
main sequence and evolved binaries. Around main sequence binaries there are
preliminary indications that the frequency of gas giants is as high as those
around single stars. There is however a conspicuous absence of circumbinary
planets around the tightest main sequence binaries with periods of just a few
days, suggesting a unique, more disruptive formation history of such close
stellar pairs.Comment: Invited review chapter, accepted for publication in "Handbook of
Exoplanets", ed. H. Deeg & J. A. Belmont
Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study
Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research
Three’s Company: An Additional Non-transiting Super-Earth in the Bright HD 3167 System, and Masses for All Three Planets
HD 3167 is a bright (V = 8.9), nearby K0 star observed by the NASA K2 mission (EPIC 220383386), hosting two small, short-period transiting planets. Here we present the results of a multi-site, multi-instrument radial velocity campaign to characterize the HD 3167 system. The masses of the transiting planets are 5.02±0.38 MEarth for HD 3167 b, a hot super-Earth with a likely rocky composition (ρb = 5.60+2.15-1.43g cm-3), and 9.80+1.30-1.24 MEarth for HD 3167 c, a warm sub-Neptune with a likely substantial volatile complement (ρc = 1.97+0.94-0.59 g cm-3). We explore the possibility of atmospheric composition analysis and determine that planet c is amenable to transmission spectroscopy measurements, and planet b is a potential thermal emission target. We detect a third, non-transiting planet, HD 3167 d, with a period of 8.509+/-0.045 d (between planets b and c) and a minimum mass of 6.90±0.71 MEarth. We are able to constrain the mutual inclination of planet d with planets b and c: we rule out mutual inclinations below 1.3 degrees as we do not observe transits of planet d. From 1.3-40 degrees, there are viewing geometries invoking special nodal configurations which result in planet d not transiting some fraction of the time. From 40-60 degrees, Kozai-Lidov oscillations increase the system's instability, but it can remain stable for up to 100Myr. Above 60 degrees, the system is unstable. HD 3167 promises to be a fruitful system for further study and a preview of the many exciting systems expected from the upcoming NASATESS mission.Publisher PDFPeer reviewe
Students designing sustainability literacy and systemic change agent leadership curricula: an interconnected web approach at Portland State University
This article profiles unique programs in which students play direct roles in curriculum design, highlights factors that have contributed to programmatic successes, and provides some recommendations for other postsecondary institutions based on lessons learned
Designing and assessing learning outcomes: A Framework for Co-Curricular Sustainability Programs
In recent years, Co-Curricular Sustainability Programs (CoCSPs) have been established at many higher education institutions. However, few such programs have developed learning outcomes or assessment processes to measure the types of learning that are occurring within their programs. This case study creates synthesis between sustainability education and student leadership competencies and shares a place-based framework for designing and assessing learning outcomes. By utilizing learning outcomes and assessment processes, leadership educators can strengthen the effectiveness of their sustainability programs and facilitate transformational learning experiences for students across campus
A survey of fishes associated with Hawaiian deep-water Halimeda kanaloana (Bryopsidales: Halimedaceae) and Avrainvillea sp. (Bryopsidales: Udoteaceae) meadows
The invasive macroalgal species Avrainvillea sp. and native species Halimeda kanaloana form expansive meadows that extend to depths of 80 m or more in the waters off of O‘ahu and Maui, respectively. Despite their wide depth distribution, comparatively little is known about the biota associated with these macroalgal species. Our primary goals were to provide baseline information on the fish fauna associated with these deep-water macroalgal meadows and to compare the abundance and diversity of fishes between the meadow interior and sandy perimeters. Because both species form structurally complex three-dimensional canopies, we hypothesized that they would support a greater abundance and diversity of fishes when compared to surrounding sandy areas. We surveyed the fish fauna associated with these meadows using visual surveys and collections made with clove-oil anesthetic. Using these techniques, we recorded a total of 49 species from 25 families for H. kanaloana meadows and surrounding sandy areas, and 28 species from 19 families for Avrainvillea sp. habitats. Percent endemism was 28.6% and 10.7%, respectively. Wrasses (Family Labridae) were the most speciose taxon in both habitats (11 and six species, respectively), followed by gobies for H. kanaloana (six species). The wrasse Oxycheilinus bimaculatus and cardinalfish Apogonichthys perdix were the most frequently-occurring species within the H. kanaloana and Avrainvillea canopies, respectively. Obligate herbivores and food-fish species were rare in both habitats. Surprisingly, the density and abundance of small epibenthic fishes were greater in open sand than in the meadow canopy. In addition, species richness was also higher in open sand for Avrainvillea sp. We hypothesize that the dense holdfasts and rhizoids present within the meadow canopy may impede benthic-dwelling or bioturbator species, which accounted for 86% and 57% of individuals collected in sand adjacent to H. kanaloana and Avrainvillea sp. habitats, respectively. Of the 65 unique species recorded in this study, 16 (25%) were detected in clove oil stations alone, illustrating the utility of clove-oil anesthetic in assessing the diversity and abundance of small-bodied epibenthic fishes
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