Do the results of canadian hockey have any influence in sports-related company stocks?

Mestrado em FinançasO hóquei no gelo é considerado o desporto rei do Canadá, neste contexto, o hóquei faz mexer muito dinheiro na economia do país. Este estudo empírico tem como objetivo avaliar o impacto dos resultados desportivos do hóquei canadiano no valor de mercado das empresas relacionados com o desporto estudado. Isto foi conseguido usando a metodologia de estudo de eventos em 4 empresas relacionadas com desporto, cotadas na Bolsa Canadiana, e quatro equipas canadianas de hóquei no gelo, que jogam na Liga Nacional de Hóquei no Gelo, entre 2005 e 2015. Posteriormente foram testados seis diferentes testes de hipóteses do impacto que os resultados do hóquei têm nas empresas: vitória e derrota; muitos golos e poucos golos; e adversário "fácil" e adversário "difícil". A metodologia usada nesta dissertação é a de estudos de eventos, onde são calculados os retornos anormais (AR) e os retornos anormais médios a fim de se concluir se existe evidência de que os resultados desportivos levam a retornos anormais. Os resultados obtidos mostram que existem AR como resultado dos resultados desportivos do hóquei no gelo. O valor de mercado das empresas é positivamente afetado por uma vitória e negativamente por uma derrota. Adicionalmente, uma vitória por uma diferença de golos grande tem um efeito negativo, enquanto uma vitória por uma diferença de golos pequena tem um efeito positivo. Por fim, uma vitória contra um oponente "difícil" ou "fácil" tem um impacto negativo ou positivo, respetivamente, nas ações das empresas.Ice hockey is considered the main sport in Canada, hence moving a lot of money in the country's economy, more specifically in sport related companies. This empirical study's objective is to evaluate the impact that Canadian ice hockey outcomes has on the abnormal returns of sport-related company. This was accomplished by using the event study methodology on 4 sport-related companies, quoted on the Canadian Stock Exchange, and four Canadian hockey team, playing in the National Hockey League, between 2005 and 2015. The NHL is a professional ice hockey league composed by American and Canadian teams. Subsequently 3 different hypotheses were tested on the impact of the hockey results: Win and Loss; Many Goals and Less Goals; and "easy" opponent and "hard" opponent. The methodology used by this dissertation is the event study methodology, where abnormal returns and average abnormal returns are calculated in order to conclude if there is evidence that sports results lead to abnormal returns. Findings indicate that there are abnormal returns as a result of sporting results. The market values of the companies are positively affected by a victory and negatively by a defeat. Additionally, a win by a large amount of goals difference negatively impacts the stock prices, while a win by a less amount of goals affects negatively the company value. Finally, a win against a "hard" or "easy" opponent affects the stock price of the sport-related companies negatively and positively, respectively. A loss depends on the company that is being analyzed

Complicações da Endocardite Infecciosa em Pacientes com Cardiopatia Congênita / Complications of Infective Endocarditis in Patients with Congenital Heart Disease

Objetivo: Discutir, através de uma revisão narrativa, as complicações cardíacas da endocardite infecciosa (EI) entre os portadores de doença cardíaca congênita (DCC). Revisão Bibliográfica: A EI é uma doença associada à grande mortalidade, que pode acometer severamente estruturas cardíacas e se manifestar em diversos sistemas. Dentre os vários fatores de risco da EI, o mais prevalente é a presença de DCC, que é associada, também, ao aumento de mortalidade. O risco de desenvolver EI depende do tipo e complexidade da DCC, além de ser influenciado por intervenções terapêuticas prévias. As complicações da EI em pacientes com DCC possuem grande amplitude e variedade, com destaque para acometimento renal, neurológico e, principalmente, cardíaco. As complicações cardíacas são as mais frequentes e as responsáveis por maior morbimortalidade, quando comparadas às extracardíacas. Considerações Finais: Na EI, é clara a importância da DCC como fator de risco, sendo a valva aórtica bicúspide a forma mais comum. Ademais, o acometimento cardíaco tem maior destaque entre as complicações, sendo a insuficiência cardíaca a mais relevante. Outras complicações comuns incluem derrames pericárdicos, formação de abcessos e síndrome coronariana aguda

Hemangioma hepático gigante: Giant hepatic hemangioma

Introdução: Devido à maior disponibilidade de exames de imagem, os tumores hepáticos estão cada vez mais presentes na prática clínica, tendo como o mais comum o hemangioma (5-20%) da população, com maior incidência em mulheres (5:1). Por ser comumente diagnosticado de maneira incidental, os hemangiomas gigantes podem cursar com sintomas condutores a suspeita. Apresentação do caso: MCRM, sexo feminino, 33 anos de idade, admitida no PS Ciams Urias Magalhães, com quadro de desconforto no abdome superior, sensação de plenitude. Negou comorbidades e uso de medicamentos. Estável hemodinamicamente, massa palpável em abdome. Tomografia de tórax evidenciou lesão de 7 cm em seu maior diâmetro, compatível com hemangioma. Discussão: o tratamento se mantém controverso. Atualmente, a conduta é expectante, exceto em casos de pacientes sintomáticos, tumores gigantes (>4 cm ), com complicações e desejo de engravidar. Nesses casos, o tratamento cirúrgico é indicado, sendo eles a ressecção hepática ou a hepatectomia. Conclusão: Geralmente, são tumores hepáticos benignos e assintomáticos, apesar de estarem sendo cada vez mais diagnosticados os hemangiomas gigantes. As complicações são raras, como rotura, abscesso, Síndrome de Kasabach-Merritt e icterícia por obstrução, ficando reservado o transplante hepático nesses casos mais graves

Síndrome de Cronkhite-Canada: Cronkhite Syndrome Canada

Introdução: A Síndrome de Cronkhite-Canada é uma, apesar de rara, importante causa de alopecia, além de alterações ungueais, cutâneas e gastrointestinais, podendo as últimas serem fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de câncer do trato gastrointestinal. É possível encontrar pólipos distribuídos por todo o trato gastrointestinal. Pouco se sabe sobre sua etiologia, mas são consideradas causas infecciosas, autoimunes, alérgicas e genéticas, podendo ter como fatores predisponentes o estresse físico e mental. Apresentação do caso: Homem, 63 anos, trabalhador braçal, comparece à unidade de pronto atendimento com quadro de diarreia, náuseas, vômitos e dor em região abdominal há 2 meses, associado a perda ponderal, hipogeusia, unhas quebradiças e queda de cabelo. Endoscopia digestiva alta demonstrou polipose acentuada em estômago e duodeno. A histologia do material analisado explanou hamartomas, leve infiltração de células inflamatórias eosinofílicas, edema submucoso e dilatação de glândulas mucosas. Discussão: A SCC Apresenta um prognóstico ruim com taxa de mortalidade que ultrapassa 50% devido a doença ser progressiva com curso variável, pois a sua etiologia ainda é desconhecida. O diagnóstico depende de características patológicas, clínicas  e  endoscópicas. Porém, o diagnóstico geralmente é atrasado devido à sua raridade e à falta de um algoritmo diagnóstico. Conclusão: recomenda-se que no atendimento de um paciente apresentando as alterações descritas acima, a SCC entre como hipótese diagnóstica e seja feita uma busca ativa com exames endoscópicos e histopatológicos na suspeita de anormalidade no padrão dos pólipos. Além disso, deve ser associado a um conhecimento dermatológico amplo

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Clonal chromosomal mosaicism and loss of chromosome Y in elderly men increase vulnerability for SARS-CoV-2

The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) had an estimated overall case fatality ratio of 1.38% (pre-vaccination), being 53% higher in males and increasing exponentially with age. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, we found 133 cases (1.42%) with detectable clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations (mCA) and 226 males (5.08%) with acquired loss of chromosome Y (LOY). Individuals with clonal mosaic events (mCA and/or LOY) showed a 54% increase in the risk of COVID-19 lethality. LOY is associated with transcriptomic biomarkers of immune dysfunction, pro-coagulation activity and cardiovascular risk. Interferon-induced genes involved in the initial immune response to SARS-CoV-2 are also down-regulated in LOY. Thus, mCA and LOY underlie at least part of the sex-biased severity and mortality of COVID-19 in aging patients. Given its potential therapeutic and prognostic relevance, evaluation of clonal mosaicism should be implemented as biomarker of COVID-19 severity in elderly people. Among 9578 individuals diagnosed with COVID-19 in the SCOURGE study, individuals with clonal mosaic events (clonal mosaicism for chromosome alterations and/or loss of chromosome Y) showed an increased risk of COVID-19 lethality

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication

Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use in early acute respiratory distress syndrome : Insights from the LUNG SAFE study

Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Background: Concerns exist regarding the prevalence and impact of unnecessary oxygen use in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We examined this issue in patients with ARDS enrolled in the Large observational study to UNderstand the Global impact of Severe Acute respiratory FailurE (LUNG SAFE) study. Methods: In this secondary analysis of the LUNG SAFE study, we wished to determine the prevalence and the outcomes associated with hyperoxemia on day 1, sustained hyperoxemia, and excessive oxygen use in patients with early ARDS. Patients who fulfilled criteria of ARDS on day 1 and day 2 of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure were categorized based on the presence of hyperoxemia (PaO2 > 100 mmHg) on day 1, sustained (i.e., present on day 1 and day 2) hyperoxemia, or excessive oxygen use (FIO2 ≥ 0.60 during hyperoxemia). Results: Of 2005 patients that met the inclusion criteria, 131 (6.5%) were hypoxemic (PaO2 < 55 mmHg), 607 (30%) had hyperoxemia on day 1, and 250 (12%) had sustained hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use occurred in 400 (66%) out of 607 patients with hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use decreased from day 1 to day 2 of ARDS, with most hyperoxemic patients on day 2 receiving relatively low FIO2. Multivariate analyses found no independent relationship between day 1 hyperoxemia, sustained hyperoxemia, or excess FIO2 use and adverse clinical outcomes. Mortality was 42% in patients with excess FIO2 use, compared to 39% in a propensity-matched sample of normoxemic (PaO2 55-100 mmHg) patients (P = 0.47). Conclusions: Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use are both prevalent in early ARDS but are most often non-sustained. No relationship was found between hyperoxemia or excessive oxygen use and patient outcome in this cohort. Trial registration: LUNG-SAFE is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02010073publishersversionPeer reviewe

Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density

Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals &lt;1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data

Educomunicação, Transformação Social e Desenvolvimento Sustentável

Esta publicação apresenta os principais trabalhos dos GTs do II Congresso Internacional de Comunicação e Educação nos temas&nbsp;Transformação social, com os artigos que abordam principalmente Educomunicação e/ou Mídia-Educação, no contexto de políticas de diversidade, inclusão e equidade; e, em Desenvolvimento Sustentável&nbsp;os artigos que abordam os avanços da relação comunicação/educação no contexto da educação ambiental e desenvolvimento sustentável