Kairos: memórias de um “postulante

Na era do instantâneo, do descartável, do fragmentado, do virtual, alguns grupos sociais desencadeiam questionamentos e reflexões acerca de seus estilos de vida e postura. Nesta investigação, lançamos o nosso olhar para a vida religiosa, mais especificamente para a formação de jovens que aspiram à vida religiosa. Entendida, na grande maioria, como fechada em suas tradições e ritos, mostra-se como uma experiência fundante na construção identitária de alguns jovens das mais diversas etnias e contextos sociais. Na tentativa de compreender a rica experiência dentro de uma casa de formação religiosa, utilizamos o diário de um jovem postulante como fonte de pesquisa. Ancorados no texto de Michel Pollak, acerca da memória e da identidade social, a partir das histórias de vida, realizou-se uma releitura do diário de um jovem postulante de uma ordem de padres religiosos. As memórias do postulante, tidas comumente como um fenômeno individual, íntimo da pessoa, revelam, na verdade, um fenômeno coletivo e social construído a partir da experiência coletiva, já que é constituída por diferentes pessoas, personagens e lugares.Palavras-Chave: Memória; Identidade; Diário; Vida religiosa; Representação Social.Im Zeitalter der Instant-, Einweg, die fragmentiert, die virtuelle Auslöser einiger sozialer Gruppen Fragen und Reflexionen über ihre Lebensstile und Einstellungen. In dieser Untersuchung haben wir unsere Aufmerksamkeit auf das religiöse Leben, insbesondere die Bildung junger Menschen anstreben, das religiöse Leben. Verstanden, in den meisten Fällen geschlossen und in ihren Traditionen und Riten, erscheint als eine grundlegende Erfahrung in der Identitätskonstruktion von Jugendlichen aus verschiedenen ethnischen und sozialen Hintergründen. In einem Versuch, die Fülle von Erfahrungen in einem Haus der Bildung zu verstehen, haben wir das Tagebuch eines jungen Postulanten als Forschungs-Ressource. Verankert in den Text von Michel Pollak, über Erinnerung und soziale Identität, aus den Geschichten des Lebens, es war eine Re-Lektüre des Tagebuchs eines jungen Postulanten in einen religiösen Orden von Priestern. Erinnerungen an die Antragsteller, in der Regel als individuelles Phänomen genommen, den inneren Menschen, in der Tat offenbaren eine kollektive und gesellschaftliche Phänomen der kollektiven Erfahrung gebaut, wie es von verschiedenen Personen, Charakteren und Orten besteht. Schlüsselwörter: Gedächtnis, Identität, Täglicher, religiöse Leben, Social Vertretung

EFEITO DA TOXICIDADE AGUDA DA GASOLINA EM ALEVINOS DE ACARÁ BANDEIRA (Pterophyllum scalare)

Polycyclic and monocyclic hydrocarbons, constituents of petroleum compounds, stand out by its toxic action of fossil fuels for aquatic organisms. Thus, this study aimed to determine the lethal concentration (LC50) of gasoline to Pterophyllum scalare, evaluating the survival and behavior of fish changes. For this, P. scalare fingerlings (1.41 ± 0.1 cm and 0.039 ± 0.001 g) were used in a reference substance sensitivity test (KCl) and for the definitive test. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with six dilutions of gasoline (0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25 and 0.3% v/v) and a control, all with three repetitions lasting 96 hours. To determine the values of CL(I)50 the Trimmed Spearman Karber method was used and classified according to the description proposed by Cesteb.  The sensitivity determined for P. scalare fingerlings was (LC50-96h) 0.93 g.L-1, whereas the estimated 50% (LC50-96h) lethal concentration for gasoline was 0.14%, in which the dilution of 0, 3% had 100% mortality before 24 hours of exposure. Gasoline is classified as a very toxic xenobiotic, capable of changing the behavior of fingerlings, in which erratic swimming, agitation, proximity to the surface and rapid opercular beating were observed. Therefore, gasoline represents a risk to the aquatic environment resulting from the intoxication of organisms, causing behavioral changes and mortality.Keywords: Gasoline; ecotoxicity; angelfish; hydrocarbons.Os hidrocarbonetos policíclicos e monocíclicos, constituintes dos compostos derivados de petróleo, são as principais substâncias químicas responsáveis pela toxicidade dos combustíveis fósseis nos organismos aquáticos. Desta forma, o presente estudo objetivou determinar a concentração letal (CL50) da gasolina em alevinos de acará bandeira (Pterophyllum scalare), avaliando-se a sobrevivência e as alterações comportamentais dos peixes. Para tanto, foram usados alevinos de P. scalare (1,41 ± 0,1 cm e 0,039 ± 0,001 g) em ensaio de sensibilidade com substância referência (KCl) e para o teste definitivo. No qual, foi realizado um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com seis diluições de gasolina (0,05; 0,1; 0,15; 0,2; 0,25 e 0,3% v/v) e um controle, todos com três repetições com duração de 96 horas. Para determinar os valores de CL(I)50 foi utilizado o método de Trimmed Spearman Karber e classificado segundo a descrição proposta por Cesteb. A sensibilidade determinada para os alevinos de P. scalare foi de (CL50-96h) 0,93 g.L-1, já a concentração letal 50% (CL50-96h) estimada para a gasolina foi de 0,14%, ao qual a diluição de 0,3% teve mortalidade de 100% antes de 24 horas de exposição. A gasolina é classificada como um xenobiótico muito tóxico, capaz de alterar o comportamento dos alevinos, no qual foram observadas natação errática, agitação, proximidade a superfície e batimento opercular rápido. Portanto, a gasolina representa um risco ao ambiente aquático decorrente da intoxicação dos organismos, causando alterações comportamentais e a mortalidade.Palavras-chave: Gasolina, ecotoxicidade, acará bandeira, hidrocarbonetos

Chagasic Thymic Atrophy Does Not Affect Negative Selection but Results in the Export of Activated CD4+CD8+ T Cells in Severe Forms of Human Disease

Extrathymic CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) T cells are increased in some pathophysiological conditions, including infectious diseases. In the murine model of Chagas disease, it has been shown that the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi is able to target the thymus and induce alterations of the thymic microenvironment and the lymphoid compartment. In the acute phase, this results in a severe atrophy of the organ and early release of DP cells into the periphery. To date, the effect of the changes promoted by the parasite infection on thymic central tolerance has remained elusive. Herein we show that the intrathymic key elements that are necessary to promote the negative selection of thymocytes undergoing maturation during the thymopoiesis remains functional during the acute chagasic thymic atrophy. Intrathymic expression of the autoimmune regulator factor (Aire) and tissue-restricted antigen (TRA) genes is normal. In addition, the expression of the proapoptotic Bim protein in thymocytes was not changed, revealing that the parasite infection-induced thymus atrophy has no effect on these marker genes necessary to promote clonal deletion of T cells. In a chicken egg ovalbumin (OVA)-specific T-cell receptor (TCR) transgenic system, the administration of OVA peptide into infected mice with thymic atrophy promoted OVA-specific thymocyte apoptosis, further indicating normal negative selection process during the infection. Yet, although the intrathymic checkpoints necessary for thymic negative selection are present in the acute phase of Chagas disease, we found that the DP cells released into the periphery acquire an activated phenotype similar to what is described for activated effector or memory single-positive T cells. Most interestingly, we also demonstrate that increased percentages of peripheral blood subset of DP cells exhibiting an activated HLA-DR+ phenotype are associated with severe cardiac forms of human chronic Chagas disease. These cells may contribute to the immunopathological events seen in the Chagas disease

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Measurement of D*±, D± and Ds± meson production cross sections in pp collisions at √s=7 TeV with the ATLAS detector

The production of D∗±, D± and D±s charmed mesons has been measured with the ATLAS detector in pp collisions at √s= 7 TeV at the LHC, using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 280 nb−1. The charmed mesons have been reconstructed in the range of transverse momentum 3.5 <pT(D) <100 GeV and pseudorapidity |η(D)| <2.1. The differential cross sections as a function of transverse momentum and pseudorapidity were measured for D∗± and D± production. The next-to-leading-order QCD predictions are consistent with the data in the visible kinematic region within the large theoretical uncertainties. Using the visible D cross sections and an extrapolation to the full kinematic phase space, the strangeness-suppression factor in charm fragmentation, the fraction of charged non-strange D mesons produced in a vector state, and the total cross section of charm production at √s= 7 TeV were derived