Search for dark matter at √s=13 TeV in final states containing an energetic photon and large missing transverse momentum with the ATLAS detector

Results of a search for physics beyond the Standard Model in events containing an energetic photon and large missing transverse momentum with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider are reported. As the number of events observed in data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, is in agreement with the Standard Model expectations, model-independent limits are set on the fiducial cross section for the production of events in this final state. Exclusion limits are also placed in models where dark-matter candidates are pair-produced. For dark-matter production via an axial-vector or a vector mediator in the s-channel, this search excludes mediator masses below 750–1200 GeV for dark-matter candidate masses below 230–480 GeV at 95% confidence level, depending on the couplings. In an effective theory of dark-matter production, the limits restrict the value of the suppression scale M∗ to be above 790 GeV at 95% confidence level. A limit is also reported on the production of a high-mass scalar resonance by processes beyond the Standard Model, in which the resonance decays to Zγ and the Z boson subsequently decays into neutrinos

Deconstructing Sponsor Prospectus Liability

The question of whether a sponsor of an initial public offering (IPO) is subject to the criminal and civil liability provisions of Hong Kong’s prospectus law has been debated for over 15 years and remains untested in court. The interpretation of the law provided by the Securities and Futures Commission (SFC) in August 2014 is that sponsors are subject to prospectus liability because they are persons who authorize the issue of the prospectus, an interpretation based on certain non-statutory considerations to which sponsors are subject. To examine whether the SFC’s position is supported in law, this article considers three possible routes by which legal liability might be established: through the relationship between non-statutory regulations and law, the law on authority, and the legal, regulatory and commercial context of sponsor work. However, none of these routes provide clear support. An unexpected finding was that elements underlying the SFC’s position could potentially apply to underwriters of an IPO. While the SFC has significant powers over sponsors outside the scope of prospectus law, the position under prospectus law of private civil litigants vis-à-vis sponsors remains uncertain. The options for resolving the current disjunct between prospectus provisions originally introduced in the context of a largely unregulated market and expectations under current regulatory architecture are considered

Desconstructing Sponsor Prospectus Liability

The question of whether a sponsor of an initial public offering (IPO) is subject to the criminal and civil liability provisions of Hong Kong’s prospectus law has been debated for over 15 years and remains untested in court. The interpretation of the law provided by the Securities and Futures Commission (SFC) in August 2014 is that sponsors are subject to prospectus liability because they are persons who authorize the issue of the prospectus, an interpretation based on certain non-statutory considerations to which sponsors are subject. To examine whether the SFC’s position is supported in law, this article considers three possible routes by which legal liability might be established: through the relationship between non-statutory regulations and law, the law on authority, and the legal, regulatory and commercial context of sponsor work. However, none of these routes provide clear support. An unexpected finding was that elements underlying the SFC’s position could potentially apply to underwriters of an IPO. While the SFC has significant powers over sponsors outside the scope of prospectus law, the position under prospectus law of private civil litigants vis-à-vis sponsors remains uncertain. The options for resolving the current disjunct between prospectus provisions originally introduced in the context of a largely unregulated market and expectations under current regulatory architecture are considered

Slow wave sleep and 5-HT2 receptor sensitivity in generalised anxiety disorder: a pilot study with ritanserin.

Eight patients with generalised anxiety disorder (GAD) and eight matched healthy controls had their polysomnogram measured on two occasions separated by 1 week. On one occasion they received the 5-HT2 receptor antagonist, ritanserin (5 mg orally) and on the other matching placebo. The increase in slow wave sleep produced by ritanserin was the same in GAD patients as in healthy controls. These findings do not support the hypothesis that GAD is associated with a generalised hypersensitivity of brain 5-HT2 receptors; however, the present data cannot exclude the presence of a regionally specific change in this receptor subtype in anxiety disorders

Sleep and 5-HT2 receptor sensitivity in recovered depressed patients.

The increase in slow wave sleep which followed administration of the 5-HT2 receptor antagonist, ritanserin, was not significantly different between a group of 12 recovered, drug free depressed patients and a group of 12 health matched controls. The results suggests that there is no underlying abnormality in the 5-HT2 receptor regulation of slow wave sleep in recovered depressives, and that abnormalities in this measure reported previously in such patients may have been caused by use of concomitant tricyclic antidepressant medication. The baseline sleep parameters did not differ between recovered depressives and controls with the exception of stage 1 sleep, which was increased in the patient group

Decreased 5-HT-mediated prolactin release in major depression.

The prolactin response to intravenous clomipramine, a 5-HT uptake inhibitor, was significantly attenuated in 12 patients with major depression. In contrast, in a further 12 depressed patients, the PRL responses to thyrotropin-releasing hormone, which acts directly on the pituitary to release PRL, were not reduced. These findings suggest that the reduction in 5-HT-mediated PRL release seen in depressed patients is due to an impairment of brain 5-HT function rather than a pituitary abnormality

Dose-related effects of selective 5-HT2 receptor antagonists on slow wave sleep in humans.

The effects of the selective 5-HT2 receptor antagonists, ritanserin (1, 5 and 10 mg) and ICI 169.369 (50 and 100 mg), were studied on the sleep EEG of healthy volunteers using home-based Medilog 9000 cassette monitoring. Ritanserin (5 and 10 mg) produced a significant increase in slow wave sleep (SWS) while ICI 169,369 also increased SWS but only at a dose of 100 mg. These findings are consistent with the proposal that selective 5-HT2 receptor blockade increases SWS in humans; however, the data cannot exclude involvement of the closely related 5-HT1c receptor in this effect