Search for lepton flavor violating decays of a heavy neutral particle in p-pbar collisions at root(s)=1.8 TeV

We report on a search for a high mass, narrow width particle that decays directly to e+mu, e+tau, or mu+tau. We use approximately 110 pb^-1 of data collected with the Collider Detector at Fermilab from 1992 to 1995. No evidence of lepton flavor violating decays is found. Limits are set on the production and decay of sneutrinos with R-parity violating interactions.Comment: Figure 2 fixed. Reference 4 fixed. Minor changes to tex

A Search for the Higgs Boson Produced in Association with Z→ℓ+ℓ−Z\to \ell^+\ell^- Using the Matrix Element Method at CDF II

Submitted to Phys. Rev. DWe present a search for associated production of the standard model (SM) Higgs boson and a $Z$ boson where the $Z$ boson decays to two leptons and the Higgs decays to a pair of $b$ quarks in $p\bar{p}$ collisions at the Fermilab Tevatron. We use event probabilities based on SM matrix elements to construct a likelihood function of the Higgs content of the data sample. In a CDF data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.7 fb$^{-1}$ we see no evidence of a Higgs boson with a mass between 100 GeV$/c^2$ and 150 GeV$/c^2$. We set 95% confidence level (C.L.) upper limits on the cross-section for $ZH$ production as a function of the Higgs boson mass $m_H$; the limit is 8.2 times the SM prediction at $m_H = 115$ GeV$/c^2$.We present a search for associated production of the standard model Higgs boson and a Z boson where the Z boson decays to two leptons and the Higgs decays to a pair of b quarks in pp̅ collisions at the Fermilab Tevatron. We use event probabilities based on standard model matrix elements to construct a likelihood function of the Higgs content of the data sample. In a CDF data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.7  fb-1 we see no evidence of a Higgs boson with a mass between 100  GeV/c2 and 150  GeV/c2. We set 95% confidence level upper limits on the cross section for ZH production as a function of the Higgs boson mass mH; the limit is 8.2 times the standard model prediction at mH=115  GeV/c2.Peer reviewe

Measurement of Particle Production and Inclusive Differential Cross Sections in pbar{p} Collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV

21 pages, 10 figuresWe report a set of measurements of particle production in inelastic pbar{p} collisions collected with a minimum-bias trigger at the Tevatron Collider with the CDF II experiment. The inclusive charged particle transverse momentum differential cross section is measured, with improved precision, over a range about ten times wider than in previous measurements. The former modeling of the spectrum appears to be incompatible with the high particle momenta observed. The dependence of the charged particle transverse momentum on the event particle multiplicity is analyzed to study the various components of hadron interactions. This is one of the observable variables most poorly reproduced by the available Monte Carlo generators. A first measurement of the event transverse energy sum differential cross section is also reported. A comparison with a Pythia prediction at the hadron level is performed. The inclusive charged particle differential production cross section is fairly well reproduced only in the transverse momentum range available from previous measurements. At higher momentum the agreement is poor. The transverse energy sum is poorly reproduced over the whole spectrum. The dependence of the charged particle transverse momentum on the particle multiplicity needs the introduction of more sophisticated particle production mechanisms, such as multiple parton interactions, in order to be better explained.We report a set of measurements of particle production in inelastic pp̅ collisions collected with a minimum-bias trigger at the Tevatron Collider with the CDF II experiment. The inclusive charged particle transverse momentum differential cross section is measured, with improved precision, over a range about ten times wider than in previous measurements. The former modeling of the spectrum appears to be incompatible with the high particle momenta observed. The dependence of the charged particle transverse momentum on the event particle multiplicity is analyzed to study the various components of hadron interactions. This is one of the observable variables most poorly reproduced by the available Monte Carlo generators. A first measurement of the event transverse energy sum differential cross section is also reported. A comparison with a pythia prediction at the hadron level is performed. The inclusive charged-particle differential production cross section is fairly well reproduced only in the transverse momentum range available from previous measurements. At higher momentum the agreement is poor. The transverse energy sum is poorly reproduced over the whole spectrum. The dependence of the charged particle transverse momentum on the particle multiplicity needs the introduction of more sophisticated particle production mechanisms, such as multiple parton interactions, in order to be better explained.Peer reviewe

Searching the Inclusive Lepton + Photon + Missing ET + b-quark Signature for Radiative Top Quark Decay and Non-Standard-Model Processes

8 pages, 6 figuresIn a search for new phenomena in a signature suppressed in the standard model of elementary particles (SM), we compare the inclusive production of events containing a lepton, a photon, significant transverse momentum imbalance (MET), and a jet identified as containing a b-quark, to SM predictions. The search uses data produced in proton-antiproton collisions at 1.96 TeV corresponding to 1.9 fb-1 of integrated luminosity taken with the CDF detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. We find 28 lepton+photon+MET+b events versus an expectation of 31.0+4.1/-3.5 events. If we further require events to contain at least three jets and large total transverse energy, simulations predict that the largest SM source is top-quark pair production with an additional radiated photon, ttbar+photon. In the data we observe 16 ttbar+photon candidate events versus an expectation from SM sources of 11.2+2.3/-2.1. Assuming the difference between the observed number and the predicted non-top-quark total is due to SM top quark production, we estimate the ttg cross section to be 0.15 +- 0.08 pb.We compare the inclusive production of events containing a lepton (ℓ), a photon (γ), significant transverse momentum imbalance (E̸T), and a jet identified as containing a b-quark, to SM predictions. The search uses data produced in proton-antiproton collisions at √s=1.96  TeV corresponding to 1.9  fb-1 of integrated luminosity taken with the CDF detector. We find 28 ℓγbE̸T events versus an expectation of 31.0-3.5+4.1 events. If we further require events to contain at least three jets and large total transverse energy, the largest SM source is radiative top-quark pair production, tt̅ +γ. In the data we observe 16 tt̅ γ candidate events versus an expectation from SM sources of 11.2-2.1+2.3. Assuming the difference between the observed number and the predicted non-top-quark total of 6.8-2.0+2.2 is due to SM top-quark production, we estimate the tt̅ γ cross section to be 0.15±0.08  pb.Peer reviewe

Production of psi(2S) Mesons in ppbar Collisions at 1.96 TeV

submitted to Phys.Rev.D RCWe have measured the differential cross section for the inclusive production of psi(2S) mesons decaying to mu^{+} mu^{-1} that were produced in prompt or B-decay processes from ppbar collisions at 1.96 TeV. These measurements have been made using a data set from an integrated luminosity of 1.1 fb^{-1} collected by the CDF II detector at Fermilab. For events with transverse momentum p_{T} (psi(2S)) > 2 GeV/c and rapidity |y(psi(2S))| psi(2S)X) Br(psi(2S) -> mu^{+} mu^{-}) to be 3.29 +- 0.04(stat.) +- 0.32(syst.) nb.We have measured the differential cross section for the inclusive production of ψ(2S) mesons decaying to μ+μ- that were produced in prompt or B-decay processes from pp̅ collisions at 1.96 TeV. These measurements have been made using a data set from an integrated luminosity of 1.1  fb-1 collected by the CDF II detector at Fermilab. For events with transverse momentum pT(ψ(2S))>2  GeV/c and rapidity |y(ψ(2S))|<0.6 we measure the integrated inclusive cross section σ(pp̅ →ψ(2S)X)·Br(ψ(2S)→μ+μ-) to be 3.29±0.04(stat)±0.32(syst)  nb.Peer reviewe

Observation of the Omega_b^- and Measurement of the Properties of the Xi_b^- and Omega_b^-

17 pages, 10 figuresWe report the observation of the bottom, doubly-strange baryon Omega^-_b through the decay chain Omega^-_b -> J/psi Omega^-, where J/psi -> mu^+ mu^-, Omega^- -> Lambda K^-, and Lambda -> p pi^-, using 4.2 fb^{-1} of data from p\bar p collisions at sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV, and recorded with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. A signal is observed whose probability of arising from a background fluctuation is 4.0 * 10^{-8}, or 5.5 Gaussian standard deviations. The Omega^-_b mass is measured to be 6054.4 +/- 6.8 (stat.) +/- 0.9 (syst.) MeV/c^2. The lifetime of the Omega^-_b baryon is measured to be 1.13^{+0.53}_{-0.40}(stat.) +/- 0.02(syst.)$ ps. In addition, for the \Xi^-_b baryon we measure a mass of 5790.9 +/- 2.6(stat.) +/- 0.8(syst.) MeV/c^2 and a lifetime of 1.56^{+0.27}_{-0.25}(stat.) +/-0.02(syst.) ps. Under the assumption that the \Xi_b^- and \Omega_b^- are produced with similar kinematic distributions to the \Lambda^0_b baryon, we find sigma(Xi_b^-) B(Xi_b^- -> J/psi Xi^-)}/ sigma(Lambda^0_b) B(Lambda^0_b -> J/psi Lambda)} = 0.167^{+0.037}_{-0.025}(stat.) +/-0.012(syst.) and sigma(Omega_b^-) B(Omega_b^- -> J/psi Omega^-)/ sigma(Lambda^0_b) B(Lambda^0_b -> J/psi Lambda)} = 0.045^{+0.017}_{-0.012}(stat.) +/- 0.004(syst.) for baryons produced with transverse momentum in the range of 6-20 GeV/c.We report the observation of the bottom, doubly-strange baryon Ωb- through the decay chain Ωb-→J/ψΩ-, where J/ψ→μ+μ-, Ω-→ΛK-, and Λ→pπ-, using 4.2  fb-1 of data from pp̅ collisions at √s=1.96  TeV, and recorded with the Collider Detector at Fermilab. A signal is observed whose probability of arising from a background fluctuation is 4.0×10-8, or 5.5 Gaussian standard deviations. The Ωb- mass is measured to be 6054.4±6.8(stat)±0.9(syst)  MeV/c2. The lifetime of the Ωb- baryon is measured to be 1.13-0.40+0.53(stat)±0.02(syst)  ps. In addition, for the Ξb- baryon we measure a mass of 5790.9±2.6(stat)±0.8(syst)  MeV/c2 and a lifetime of 1.56-0.25+0.27(stat)±0.02(syst)  ps. Under the assumption that the Ξb- and Ωb- are produced with similar kinematic distributions to the Λb0 baryon, we find σ(Ξb-)B(Ξb-→J/ψΞ-)/σ(Λb0)B(Λb0→J/ψΛ)=0.167-0.025+0.037(stat)±0.012(syst) and σ(Ωb-)B(Ωb-→J/ψΩ-)/σ(Λb0)B(Λb0→J/ψΛ)=0.045-0.012+0.017(stat)± 0.004(syst) for baryons produced with transverse momentum in the range of 6–20  GeV/c.Peer reviewe

Precision Measurement of the X(3872) Mass in J/psi pi+ pi- Decays

We present an analysis of the mass of the X(3872) reconstructed via its decay to J/psi pi+ pi- using 2.4 fb^-1 of integrated luminosity from ppbar collisions at sqrt(s) = 1.96 TeV, collected with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. The possible existence of two nearby mass states is investigated. Within the limits of our experimental resolution the data are consistent with a single state, and having no evidence for two states we set upper limits on the mass difference between two hypothetical states for different assumed ratios of contributions to the observed peak. For equal contributions, the 95% confidence level upper limit on the mass difference is 3.6 MeV/c^2. Under the single-state model the X(3872) mass is measured to be 3871.61 +- 0.16 (stat) +- 0.19 (syst) MeV/c^2, which is the most precise determination to date.We present an analysis of the mass of the X(3872) reconstructed via its decay to J/ψπ+π- using 2.4  fb-1 of integrated luminosity from pp̅ collisions at √s=1.96  TeV, collected with the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. The possible existence of two nearby mass states is investigated. Within the limits of our experimental resolution the data are consistent with a single state, and having no evidence for two states we set upper limits on the mass difference between two hypothetical states for different assumed ratios of contributions to the observed peak. For equal contributions, the 95% confidence level upper limit on the mass difference is 3.6  MeV/c2. Under the single-state model the X(3872) mass is measured to be 3871.61±0.16(stat)±0.19(syst)  MeV/c2, which is the most precise determination to date.Peer reviewe

State owned enterprises as bribe payers: the role of institutional environment

Our paper draws attention to a neglected channel of corruption—the bribe payments by state-owned enterprises (SOEs). This is an important phenomenon as bribe payments by SOEs fruitlessly waste national resources, compromising public welfare and national prosperity. Using a large dataset of 30,249 firms from 50 countries, we show that, in general, SOEs are less likely to pay bribes for achieving organizational objectives owing to their political connectivity. However, in deteriorated institutional environments, SOEs may be subjected to potential managerial rent-seeking behaviors, which disproportionately increase SOE bribe propensity relative to privately owned enterprises. Specifically, our findings highlight the importance of fostering democracy and rule of law, reducing prevalence of corruption and shortening power distance in reducing the incidence of SOE bribery

Fluid Ontologies in the Search for MH370

This paper gives an account of the disappearance of Malaysian Airways Flight MH370 into the southern Indian Ocean in March 2014 and analyses the rare glimpses into remote ocean space this incident opened up. It follows the tenuous clues as to where the aeroplane might have come to rest after it disappeared from radar screens – seven satellite pings, hundreds of pieces of floating debris and six underwater sonic recordings – as ways of entering into and thinking about ocean space. The paper pays attention to and analyses this space on three registers – first, as a fluid, more-than-human materiality with particular properties and agencies; second, as a synthetic situation, a composite of informational bits and pieces scopically articulated and augmented; and third, as geopolitics, delineated by the protocols of international search and rescue. On all three registers – as matter, as data and as law – the ocean is shown to be ontologically fluid, a world defined by movement, flow and flux, posing intractable difficulties for human interactions with it

The Physics of the B Factories

This work is on the Physics of the B Factories. Part A of this book contains a brief description of the SLAC and KEK B Factories as well as their detectors, BaBar and Belle, and data taking related issues. Part B discusses tools and methods used by the experiments in order to obtain results. The results themselves can be found in Part C