Research of ultra-dispersed opal-quartz-carbonate bentonite clay for coating welding electrodes UONI-13/55

New single-layer and double-layer coatings of UONI-13/55 welding electrodes for welding low-carbon and low-alloy steels have been proposed. The coatings were applied with superfine ultradispersed opal-quartz-carbonate bentonite clay of the Taganskoye deposit of the East Kazakhstan region. Studies have confirmed that the use of new coatings can improve the welding and technological properties of electrodes and increase the strength and ductile characteristics, as well as the cold resistance of the deposited metal

Research of kinetics of zinc leaching with sulfuric acid from smithsonite

The study investigates the kinetics of zinc leaching from smithsonite with sulfuric acid in order to expand the zinc production feedstocks. The recovery rate of zinc from smithsonite into water-soluble zinc sulfate was found at different leaching time and temperature. Sulfuric acid concentration, its consumption and smithsonite particles size selected in this work for leaching of zinc from this mineral using the indicated solution allowed to determine the magnitude of “apparent” activation energy of the smithsonite reaction with the indicated acid, equal to 2,633 kJ / mol. The calculated value of E, shows that the process investigated is accompanied by diffusion phenomena

Investigation of the kinetics of sulphuric acid leaching of zinc from calamine

This article aims at the research of kinetics of the sulphuric acid leaching of zinc from calamine (hemimorphite) of Shaimerden deposits. The ratio of zinc extraction from calamine to water-soluble zinc sulphate was determined at various leaching durations and its temperatures. The concentration of the sulfuric acid solution, the flow rate of this solution and the size of the calamine particles, selected in the course of this work for leaching zinc from this mineral with the specified solution, made it possible to establish the value of the “apparent” activation energy of the reaction of calamine with sulfuric acid, amounting to 3,075 kJ / mol

Використання регресійного аналізу для прогнозування виживанністі хворих на рак шлунка

Цель работы – на основе применения математических методов обосновать возможность выживаемости больных раком желудка. В исследование включили 221 больного, радикально прооперированого в абдоминальном отделении КУ «Одесский областной онкологический диспансер» с 2007 по 2011 г. г. Продолжительность жизни данной группы больных измерена в месяцах. Из проанализированных факторов, клинически влияющих на выживаемость больных раком желудка ( F1 - возраст пациента; F2 - отдел желудка; F3 - G-дифференцировка опухоли.; F4 - инвазия в стенку желудка; F5 - экспрессия молекулярного фактора роста эндотелия сосудов VEGFR; F6 - экспрессия белка p53; F7 - экспрессия белка her2\new; F8 - инвазия в микронервы; F9 - микрососудистая инвазия; F10 - инвазия в соседние органы; F11 - объем лимфодиссекции; F12 - сумма пораженных лимфатических узлов; F13 - количество органов, удаленных/резецированных во время гастрэктомии/субтотальной резекции; F14 - генетический тип рака желудка), строго математически повлияли факторы 1, 10, 13. Получена формула для формальной оценки продолжительности жизни больных. Результаты носят предварительный характер.Метою даної роботи з'явився пошук шляхів прогнозування виживання хворих на рак шлунка. У дослідження було включено 221 хворий, які були радикально прооперовані в абдомінальному відділенні КУ «Одеський обласний онкологічний диспансер» з 2007 по 2011 роки. Тривалість життя даної групи хворих була виміряна в місцях. З наведених у статті чинників, клінічно впливають на виживаність хворих на рак шлунка (вік пацієнта; відділ шлунка; G-диференціювання пухлини; інвазія в стінку шлунка; експресія молекулярного фактора росту ендотелію судин VEGFR; експресія білка p53; експресія білка her2/new; інвазія в мікронерви; мікросудинна інвазія; інвазія в сусідні органи; обсяг лімфодіссекціі; сума уражених лімфатичних вузлів; кількість органів, видалених / резектованих під час резекції шлунка/субтотальної резекції; генетич кий тип раку шлунка), строго математично вплинули лише 1,10,13 чинники. Отримана формула для формальної оцінки тривалості хворих. Результати носять попередній характер.The objectives - to find the prediction techniques of gastric cancer patients survival. 221 patients having been radically operated on in the abdominal department of the Odessa Oncological Center during 2007 – 2011 were examined. Their life expectancy was measured in months. Such factors as the patient’s age, stomach department affected, G-differentiation of the tumor, depth of gastric wall invasion, the expression of the molecular growth factor VEGFR, expression of p53 protein, expression of her2/ new peptide, invasion into micronerves, microvascular invasion, invasion into neighboring organs, volume of lymph nodes dissection, amount of affected lymph nodes, number of organs removed / resected during gastrectomy / subtotal resection and genetic type of stomach cancer had been analyzed. By regressive analysis it has been proved that factors 1,10,13, i.e. a patient’s age, tumor’s invasion into neibouring organs and MBP influence upon the survival rate of the patients under study. On the basis of the data analyzed formula for formal evaluation of gastric cancer patients life expactancy was obtained. The results are preliminary

Integrating Genome-Wide Genetic Variations and Monocyte Expression Data Reveals Trans-Regulated Gene Modules in Humans

One major expectation from the transcriptome in humans is to characterize the biological basis of associations identified by genome-wide association studies. So far, few cis expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) have been reliably related to disease susceptibility. Trans-regulating mechanisms may play a more prominent role in disease susceptibility. We analyzed 12,808 genes detected in at least 5% of circulating monocyte samples from a population-based sample of 1,490 European unrelated subjects. We applied a method of extraction of expression patterns—independent component analysis—to identify sets of co-regulated genes. These patterns were then related to 675,350 SNPs to identify major trans-acting regulators. We detected three genomic regions significantly associated with co-regulated gene modules. Association of these loci with multiple expression traits was replicated in Cardiogenics, an independent study in which expression profiles of monocytes were available in 758 subjects. The locus 12q13 (lead SNP rs11171739), previously identified as a type 1 diabetes locus, was associated with a pattern including two cis eQTLs, RPS26 and SUOX, and 5 trans eQTLs, one of which (MADCAM1) is a potential candidate for mediating T1D susceptibility. The locus 12q24 (lead SNP rs653178), which has demonstrated extensive disease pleiotropy, including type 1 diabetes, hypertension, and celiac disease, was associated to a pattern strongly correlating to blood pressure level. The strongest trans eQTL in this pattern was CRIP1, a known marker of cellular proliferation in cancer. The locus 12q15 (lead SNP rs11177644) was associated with a pattern driven by two cis eQTLs, LYZ and YEATS4, and including 34 trans eQTLs, several of them tumor-related genes. This study shows that a method exploiting the structure of co-expressions among genes can help identify genomic regions involved in trans regulation of sets of genes and can provide clues for understanding the mechanisms linking genome-wide association loci to disease

Abdominal aortic aneurysm is associated with a variant in low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality and has a significant heritability. We carried out a genome-wide association discovery study of 1866 patients with AAA and 5435 controls and replication of promising signals (lead SNP with a p value < 1 × 10-5) in 2871 additional cases and 32,687 controls and performed further follow-up in 1491 AAA and 11,060 controls. In the discovery study, nine loci demonstrated association with AAA (p < 1 × 10-5). In the replication sample, the lead SNP at one of these loci, rs1466535, located within intron 1 of low-density-lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) demonstrated significant association (p = 0.0042). We confirmed the association of rs1466535 and AAA in our follow-up study (p = 0.035). In a combined analysis (6228 AAA and 49182 controls), rs1466535 had a consistent effect size and direction in all sample sets (combined p = 4.52 × 10-10, odds ratio 1.15 [1.10-1.21]). No associations were seen for either rs1466535 or the 12q13.3 locus in independent association studies of coronary artery disease, blood pressure, diabetes, or hyperlipidaemia, suggesting that this locus is specific to AAA. Gene-expression studies demonstrated a trend toward increased LRP1 expression for the rs1466535 CC genotype in arterial tissues; there was a significant (p = 0.029) 1.19-fold (1.04-1.36) increase in LRP1 expression in CC homozygotes compared to TT homozygotes in aortic adventitia. Functional studies demonstrated that rs1466535 might alter a SREBP-1 binding site and influence enhancer activity at the locus. In conclusion, this study has identified a biologically plausible genetic variant associated specifically with AAA, and we suggest that this variant has a possible functional role in LRP1 expression

New genetic loci link adipose and insulin biology to body fat distribution.

Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well-established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes, independent of overall adiposity. To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of body fat distribution and its molecular links to cardiometabolic traits, here we conduct genome-wide association meta-analyses of traits related to waist and hip circumferences in up to 224,459 individuals. We identify 49 loci (33 new) associated with waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for body mass index (BMI), and an additional 19 loci newly associated with related waist and hip circumference measures (P < 5 × 10(-8)). In total, 20 of the 49 waist-to-hip ratio adjusted for BMI loci show significant sexual dimorphism, 19 of which display a stronger effect in women. The identified loci were enriched for genes expressed in adipose tissue and for putative regulatory elements in adipocytes. Pathway analyses implicated adipogenesis, angiogenesis, transcriptional regulation and insulin resistance as processes affecting fat distribution, providing insight into potential pathophysiological mechanisms

Genome-wide association identifies nine common variants associated with fasting proinsulin levels and provides new insights into the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: Proinsulin is a precursor of mature insulin and C-peptide. Higher circulating proinsulin levels are associated with impaired β-cell function, raised glucose levels, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Studies of the insulin processing pathway could provide new insights about T2D pathophysiology. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We have conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association tests of ∼2.5 million genotyped or imputed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and fasting proinsulin levels in 10,701 nondiabetic adults of European ancestry, with follow-up of 23 loci in up to 16,378 individuals, using additive genetic models adjusted for age, sex, fasting insulin, and study-specific covariates. RESULTS: Nine SNPs at eight loci were associated with proinsulin levels (P < 5 × 10(-8)). Two loci (LARP6 and SGSM2) have not been previously related to metabolic traits, one (MADD) has been associated with fasting glucose, one (PCSK1) has been implicated in obesity, and four (TCF7L2, SLC30A8, VPS13C/C2CD4A/B, and ARAP1, formerly CENTD2) increase T2D risk. The proinsulin-raising allele of ARAP1 was associated with a lower fasting glucose (P = 1.7 × 10(-4)), improved β-cell function (P = 1.1 × 10(-5)), and lower risk of T2D (odds ratio 0.88; P = 7.8 × 10(-6)). Notably, PCSK1 encodes the protein prohormone convertase 1/3, the first enzyme in the insulin processing pathway. A genotype score composed of the nine proinsulin-raising alleles was not associated with coronary disease in two large case-control datasets. CONCLUSIONS: We have identified nine genetic variants associated with fasting proinsulin. Our findings illuminate the biology underlying glucose homeostasis and T2D development in humans and argue against a direct role of proinsulin in coronary artery disease pathogenesis