Developing digital competencies of nursing professionals in continuing education and training – a scoping review

IntroductionThe German health and care system is transforming due to advancing digitalization. New technological applications in nursing, such as social and assistance robotics, artificial intelligence and legal framework conditions are increasingly focused in numerous research projects. However, the approaches to digitalization in nursing are very different. When integrating technologies such as robotics and artificial intelligence into nursing, it is particularly important to ensure that ethical and human aspects are taken into account. A structured classification of the development of digitalization in nursing care is currently hardly possible. In order to be able to adequately deal with this digital transformation, the acquisition of digital competences in nursing education programs is pivotal. These include the confident, critical and creative use of information and communication technologies in a private and professional context. This paper focuses on the question which specific training offers already exist at national and international level for nursing professions to acquire digital competences.MethodsA scoping review according to the PRISMA scheme was conducted in the PubMed and CINAHL databases. The search period for the scoping review extended from 2017 to 2024.ResultsThe selection of the studies took place by inclusion and exclusion criteria and the content-related orientation of the publications. After reviewing the titles and abstracts, eight studies were included. Of these, four were published in German-speaking countries and another four in international English-language journals.DiscussionThe topic of digitization of the nursing professions and the question of how nurses can acquire digital competences is gaining international attention. Nevertheless, the research on explicit continuing education programs for nursing professions is still undifferentiated. No specific continuing education offer for the development of digital competences of nursing professionals was identified. Many authors remained at the meta-level when developing methodological concepts for the acquisition of digital competences. The systematic integration of digitalization into higher education and continuing vocational training is mentioned in the publications. The development of theory- and research-based educational frameworks, which can be used as a basis for curricula in nursing studies and continuing education, is highly recommendable

Sustainable integration of digitalisation in nursing education—an international scoping review

IntroductionTrainees and teachers at nursing schools as well as nursing professionals are increasingly facing new challenges as a result of the digital transformation. Opportunities for the entire care system exist in the improvement of care quality and communication between those involved. However, this change also harbours risks, such as the use of immature digital applications in the care sector, data theft and industrial espionage. In order to be able to exploit the potential of digitalisation despite these risks, it is necessary to integrate relevant aspects such as digital skills into nursing training. The aim of this study is to investigate the extent to which the sustainable integration of digitalisation in nursing education is discussed.MethodsThe methods of the systematic literature and database search were carried out in the form of a scoping review according to the PRISMA scheme. The PubMed and CINAHL databases were used for this purpose. The search period covered the years 2017–2023.FindingsAfter screening the titles and abstracts using inclusion and exclusion criteria, 13 studies were included in the synthesis of findings. The international literature focuses on content areas that highlight trends in digitalisation-related training in nursing. These focal points include concept development, considering the heterogeneity of demand constellations, as well as the reflexive reorientation of existing competences, whereby the technological competence of teachers is not disregarded. Other focal points relate to the initiation of digital skills in training and maintaining the employability of older nursing staff through professional development.DiscussionThe literature research shows that there is a rudimentary discussion about digitalisation and curricular developments in nursing training in an international context, while the discourse in the German-language literature is less advanced. Among the sustainability desiderata derived from the literature is the involvement of nursing professionals in the development, testing and implementation of digital technologies. Only through active cooperation between nursing professionals and nursing sciences can the topic of digitalisation be integrated into the education and training of professional nursing in a targeted and future-oriented manner, whereby the focus should always be on the ability to deal with digital technologies and the associated change

Analysis of shared heritability in common disorders of the brain

ience, this issue p. eaap8757 Structured Abstract INTRODUCTION Brain disorders may exhibit shared symptoms and substantial epidemiological comorbidity, inciting debate about their etiologic overlap. However, detailed study of phenotypes with different ages of onset, severity, and presentation poses a considerable challenge. Recently developed heritability methods allow us to accurately measure correlation of genome-wide common variant risk between two phenotypes from pools of different individuals and assess how connected they, or at least their genetic risks, are on the genomic level. We used genome-wide association data for 265,218 patients and 784,643 control participants, as well as 17 phenotypes from a total of 1,191,588 individuals, to quantify the degree of overlap for genetic risk factors of 25 common brain disorders. RATIONALE Over the past century, the classification of brain disorders has evolved to reflect the medical and scientific communities' assessments of the presumed root causes of clinical phenomena such as behavioral change, loss of motor function, or alterations of consciousness. Directly observable phenomena (such as the presence of emboli, protein tangles, or unusual electrical activity patterns) generally define and separate neurological disorders from psychiatric disorders. Understanding the genetic underpinnings and categorical distinctions for brain disorders and related phenotypes may inform the search for their biological mechanisms. RESULTS Common variant risk for psychiatric disorders was shown to correlate significantly, especially among attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD), and schizophrenia. By contrast, neurological disorders appear more distinct from one another and from the psychiatric disorders, except for migraine, which was significantly correlated to ADHD, MDD, and Tourette syndrome. We demonstrate that, in the general population, the personality trait neuroticism is significantly correlated with almost every psychiatric disorder and migraine. We also identify significant genetic sharing between disorders and early life cognitive measures (e.g., years of education and college attainment) in the general population, demonstrating positive correlation with several psychiatric disorders (e.g., anorexia nervosa and bipolar disorder) and negative correlation with several neurological phenotypes (e.g., Alzheimer's disease and ischemic stroke), even though the latter are considered to result from specific processes that occur later in life. Extensive simulations were also performed to inform how statistical power, diagnostic misclassification, and phenotypic heterogeneity influence genetic correlations. CONCLUSION The high degree of genetic correlation among many of the psychiatric disorders adds further evidence that their current clinical boundaries do not reflect distinct underlying pathogenic processes, at least on the genetic level. This suggests a deeply interconnected nature for psychiatric disorders, in contrast to neurological disorders, and underscores the need to refine psychiatric diagnostics. Genetically informed analyses may provide important "scaffolding" to support such restructuring of psychiatric nosology, which likely requires incorporating many levels of information. By contrast, we find limited evidence for widespread common genetic risk sharing among neurological disorders or across neurological and psychiatric disorders. We show that both psychiatric and neurological disorders have robust correlations with cognitive and personality measures. Further study is needed to evaluate whether overlapping genetic contributions to psychiatric pathology may influence treatment choices. Ultimately, such developments may pave the way toward reduced heterogeneity and improved diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders

Initiative zu Empowerment durch Partizipation. Bedarfsanalyse und Lösungswerkstatt regionaler KMU der Wolfsburg AG

Gegenstand des Teilprojekts der Ostfalia Hochschule für angewandte Wissenschaften bildete die explorative Bedarfsanalyse in Bezug auf die Vereinbarkeit von Pflege mit Berufstätigkeit. Im Auftrag der Wolfsburg AG wurden zu diesem Zweck Interviews und Gruppenworkshops durchgeführt. Dieser Bericht gibt in komprimierter Form die zentralen Ergebnisse wieder, die den Gegenstand von mehreren Lösungswerkstätten gebildet haben

„Müssen Sie jedes Mal einen Urlaubstag opfern?“ – Einblicke in die Care-Arbeit von Berufstätigen mit pflegerischer Verantwortung in der Perspektive einer kritischen Pflegewissenschaft

Zusammenfassung Vor dem Hintergrund des demografischen Wandels gewinnt die Übernahme der pflegerischen Verantwortung durch berufstätige Personen zunehmend an Bedeutung. Dabei besteht in Deutschland die Problematik der Vereinbarung von Erwerbsarbeit und Care-Arbeit unter den Bedingungen des subsidiär ausgerichteten Sozialstaats. Im Rahmen einer Re-Lektüre von Daten aus einer explorativen Studie wurden zu diesem Zweck einige Aspekte in der Perspektive einer kritischen Pflegewissenschaft herausgearbeitet. Diese adressiert u. a. die Lebenswirklichkeiten der betreffenden Menschen im Pflegegeschehen sowie Ungleichheiten im ambulanten pflegerischen Versorgungsgeschehen. Zu deren Bewältigung ist die rechtliche Anerkennung der Koordinations- und Organisationsarbeit durch pflegende und zugleich berufstätige Angehörige erforderlich. Abstract: “Sacrificing A Vacation Day Every Single Time?” – Insights Into The Care Work Of Employees As Caregivers In The Perspective Of A Critical Nursing Science The demographic change leads to an increased responsibility of employees as caregivers. Referring to the German subsidiary-oriented welfare state the compatibility of caregiving and employment is questionable. On the base of a reread­ing of results from an explanatory study some aspects have been worked out. This was done in the perspective of a critical nursing science, which primary addresses inequalities in nursing care. An adequate legal recognition of the coordination and organizational work of employees as caregivers is necessary

Eigenständig handeln in der Langzeitpflege.

Pflegefachpersonen aus Langzeitpflegeeinrichtungen formulieren nicht selten, dass vor allem hausinterne Vorgaben sie in der Ausübung ihrer Pflegefachlichkeit behindern. Rechtliche Restriktionen und/oder die Zuweisung der Tätigkeit in den ärztlichen Kompetenzbereich dienen als hinreichende Begründung. Ein im Kontext eines Forschungsprojektes erstelltes Rechtsgutachten stellt diese Begründungszusammenhänge in Frage. Diverse rechtliche Grundlagen ermöglichen und erwarten von Pflegefachpersonen, Verantwortung für eine bedarfsorientierte und rechtskonforme Versorgung der Bewohnenden in der stationären Langzeitpflege zu übernehmen

Multiplikator:innen-Schulung im Forschungsprojekt „Sektorenübergreifendes & integriertes Notfall- und Verfügungsmanagement für die letzte Lebensphase in der stationären Langzeitpflege (NOVELLE)"

Im Forschungsprojekt „Sektorenübergreifendes & integriertes Notfall- und Verfügungsmanagement für die letzte Lebensphase in stationärer Langzeitpflege“ (NOVELLE), das vom Gemeinsamen Bundesausschuss aus dem Innovationsfond (Förderkennzeichen: 01NVF18007) gefördert wurde, sind Handlungsempfehlungen für ausgewählte Notfallsituationen stationärer Pflegeeinrichtungen entwickelt worden. Die NOVELLE-Handlungsempfehlungen zielen darauf ab, Notfallsituationen pflegefachlich zu strukturieren und Entscheidungen bezüglich der weiteren Versorgung zu unterstützen. Die NOVELLE-Handlungsempfehlungen basieren auf pflegewissenschaftlicher, ethischer, rechtlicher und medizinischer Grundlage. Die Entwicklung erfolgte sowohl auf Basis von Literaturrecherchen als auch auf Erkenntnissen aus Workshops, Fokusgruppengesprächen und Interviews, die mit Vertreter:innen aus der beruflichen Praxis durchgeführt wurden. Es wurde eine ausführliche Langfassung der Handlungsempfehlungen als auch fünf zusammenfassende Kurzfassungen entwickelt. Des Weiteren wurde ein umfassender Projektbericht verfasst, welcher das Vorgehen im Projekt beschreibt. Zum besseren Verständnis der hier dargestellten Schulungskonzeption und Reflexion wird empfohlen, die Novelle-Handlungsempfehlungen und den Projektbericht begleitend zu konsultieren

Interdisziplinäre und berufsgruppenübergreifende entwickelte Handlungsempfehlungen für ausgewählte Notfallsituationen unter Berücksichtigung des Willens von Bewohner:innen

Medizinische Notfälle in Einrichtungen der stationären Langzeitpflege sind vergleichsweise häufig, doch die dabei ergriffenen Maßnahmen entsprechen oftmals nicht einem zuvor geäußerten Willen der Bewohner:innen. Eine mögliche Folge sind unerwünschte Notfallrettungseinsätze und Krankenhauszuweisungen, die eine Unterbrechung der pflegerischen Versorgung bedeuten und mit einer Verschlechterung des Gesundheitszustandes der Bewohner:innen einhergehen können. Denkbare Ursachen für dieses Vorgehen können die fehlende Rechtssicherheit bei Pflegefachpersonen und eine damit einhergehende Handlungsunsicherheit im Umgang mit Notfallsituationen sein. Hier setzt das Projekt „NOVELLE – Sektorenübergreifendes & integriertes Notfall- und Verfügungsmanagement für die letzte Lebensphase in stationärer Langzeitpflege“ an. Im Mittelpunkt des Projektes stehen Handlungsempfehlungen für ausgewählte medizinische Notfallsituationen in stationären Pflegeeinrichtungen, die den Patient:innen/Bewohner:innenwillen einbinden. Diese Handlungsempfehlungen wurden durch eine interdisziplinär zusammengesetzte Expert:innengruppe bestehend u.a. aus Pflegefachpersonen, Pflegewissenschaftler:innen, Allgemein- und Notfallmediziner:innen, Ethiker:innen und Rechtswissenschaftler:innen erarbeitet. Daran schließt sich die Implementierung und Erprobung der entwickelten Handlungsempfehlungen in Einrichtungen der stationären Langzeitpflege an. In diesem Kontext besteht die Vision des Projektes darin, dass mit dem Anwenden der Handlungsempfehlungen durch Pflegefachpersonen das systematische Handeln in Notfallsituationen verbessert und so die Sicherheit bei der Umsetzung des Bewohner:innenwillens in Pflegeeinrichtungen gesteigert wird

Analysis of Shared Heritability in Common Disorders of the Brain

Disorders of the brain can exhibit considerable epidemiological comorbidity and often share symptoms, provoking debate about their etiologic overlap. We quantified the genetic sharing of 25 brain disorders from genome-wide association studies of 265,218 patients and 784,643 control participants and assessed their relationship to 17 phenotypes from 1,191,588 individuals. Psychiatric disorders share common variant risk, whereas neurological disorders appear more distinct from one another and from the psychiatric disorders. We also identified significant sharing between disorders and a number of brain phenotypes, including cognitive measures. Further, we conducted simulations to explore how statistical power, diagnostic misclassification, and phenotypic heterogeneity affect genetic correlations. These results highlight the importance of common genetic variation as a risk factor for brain disorders and the value of heritability-based methods in understanding their etiology