Arboricity And Span In Fuzzy Chromatic Index

A fuzzy matching is a set of edges in which an edge does not incident on a vertex with same membership value. If every vertex of fuzzy graph is M-Plunged then the fuzzy matching is called as fair fuzzy matching. In this chapter, fuzzy coloring and fuzzy chromatic index are defined. The concept of Arboricity and span in fuzzy chromatic index are discussed in detail. Some theorems based on these concepts are proved

Survey, documentation and identification of entomofauna of cocoa, Theobroma cacao L. in major cocoa growing regions of South India

Survey, monitoring and documentation of entomofauna of cocoa was carried out in three cocoa growing states viz., Tamil Nadu, Kerala and Andhra Pradesh during 2014-2015. Results revealed that a total number of 23 species of insect pests and 13 species of natural enemies were documented and identified. Among the insect pests, 14, 2 and 7 species were sucking pests, borers and defoliators, respectively. Among the natural enemies, 7 species of predators and 6 species of parasitoids were documented and identified on different insect pests of cocoa. Among the insect pests, sucking pests were found to be predominant and maximum number of entomofauna were recorded in major coco growing areas of Tamil Nadu. From the results it was concluded that the list of entomofauna documented can enhance the knowledge on diversity of the entomofauna associated with cocoa in three different cocoa growing states. Sucking pests were found to be predominant and caused huge yield loss in Tamil Nadu and Kerala. While in Andhra Pradesh pod borer and bark eating caterpillar were found to be predominant causing severe yield loss. This information provides a base for development of location specific Integrated Pest Management module

Larvicidal action of Nux-vomica (Strychnus nux-vomica L.) against Diamond back moth (Plutella xylostella L.)

The present investigation reports on larvicidal efficacy of plant extracts of Nux-vomica, Strychnus nux-vomica against Diamond back moth (DBM). In this investigation shade dried and powdered nux-vomica plant sam-ples (leaves, root bark, stem bark, seed and fruit rind) were extracted with organic solvents ethanol, methanol, ace-tone, hexane and chloroform and also formulated as Emulsifiable Concentrates (EC) using surfactant and solvents. This formulated plant extracts were tested against third instar larvae of DBM for larvicidal efficacy using leaf disc bioassay method under laboratory condition. Among the five solvent extracts tested, hexane extracts of root bark 11.11 EC @ 2 % showed highest larval mortality of 76.66 % followed by seed 14.25 EC, leaf 16.66 EC, stem bark 12.50 EC and fruit rind 12.50 EC extracts exhibited maximum mortality @ 2 % concentration recording 66.66, 63.33, 56.66 and 40.00 per cent mortality respectively. Positive and negative control such as respective solvent and water showed 10.00 and 3.33 % larval mortality respectively. The results of these experiment clearly indicate that nux-vomica plant possess promising larvicidal action against diamond back moth

Environmental effects of ozone depletion, UV radiation and interactions with climate change : UNEP Environmental Effects Assessment Panel, update 2017

Peer reviewe

Lab view model for effective detection of diabetic retinopathy

Diabetic Retinopathy is a continuous damage of the retinal blood vessels caused by chronic “HYPERGLYCEMIA”. This can be caused by the problem of diabetes and it is of two types i.e Type 1, Type 2. At first, DR has no symptoms, if it is not treated it make lead to low vision and blindness. Diabetic retinopathy is one of the major reason for the blindness. As a result, adequate screening is required to detect diabetic retinopathy at an early stage. The study describes a Diabetic Retinopathy Screening System that ophthalmologists utilize as a major identifying tool to find Diabetic Retinopathy symptoms. The system uses functional forms like blood vessels, exudates, and microaneurysms in retinal pictures. By removing characteristics from divided images and using GLCM, the retinal images are divided and classed as normal or DR impacted images (Gray Level Co occurrence Matrix).The system is carried out and tested in “LAB VIEW” to justify and take measurements with less effort than traditional programming. The Lab view is the best choice for the beginners who do not have much or any experience with code or programming knowledge.&nbsp

A comparative study of bifidobacteria in human babies and adults

The composition and diversity of the gut microbiota are known to be different between babies and adults. The aim of this project was to compare the level of bifidobacteria between babies and adults and to investigate the influence of lifestyle factors on the level of this bacterium in the gut. During this study, the levels of bifidobacteria in 10 human babies below 2 years of age were compared with that of 10 human adults above 40 years. The level of bifidobacteria proved to be significantly higher in babies in comparison with adults. This investigation concluded that a combination of several factors, such as age, diet, and BMI, has an important effect on the level of bifidobacteria in adults, while in babies, a combination of diet and age may influence the level of intestinal bifidobacteria