Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) Phase 4 (2018) : Change management in allergic rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity using mobile technology

Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) has evolved from a guideline by using the best approach to integrated care pathways using mobile technology in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma multimorbidity. The proposed next phase of ARIA is change management, with the aim of providing an active and healthy life to patients with rhinitis and to those with asthma multimorbidity across the lifecycle irrespective of their sex or socioeconomic status to reduce health and social inequities incurred by the disease. ARIA has followed the 8-step model of Kotter to assess and implement the effect of rhinitis on asthma multimorbidity and to propose multimorbid guidelines. A second change management strategy is proposed by ARIA Phase 4 to increase self-medication and shared decision making in rhinitis and asthma multimorbidity. An innovation of ARIA has been the development and validation of information technology evidence-based tools (Mobile Airways Sentinel Network [MASK]) that can inform patient decisions on the basis of a self-care plan proposed by the health care professional.Peer reviewe

Adherence to treatment in allergic rhinitis using mobile technology. The MASK Study

Background: Mobile technology may help to better understand the adherence to treatment. MASK-rhinitis (Mobile Airways Sentinel NetworK for allergic rhinitis) is a patient-centred ICT system. A mobile phone app (the Allergy Diary) central to MASK is available in 22 countries. Objectives: To assess the adherence to treatment in allergic rhinitis patients using the Allergy Diary App. Methods: An observational cross-sectional study was carried out on all users who filled in the Allergy Diary from 1 January 2016 to 1 August 2017. Secondary adherence was assessed by using the modified Medication Possession Ratio (MPR) and the Proportion of days covered (PDC) approach. Results: A total of 12143 users were registered. A total of 6949 users reported at least one VAS data recording. Among them, 1887 users reported >= 7 VAS data. About 1195 subjects were included in the analysis of adherence. One hundred and thirty-six (11.28%) users were adherent (MPR >= 70% and PDC = 70% and PDC = 1.50) and 176 (14.60%) were switchers. On the other hand, 832 (69.05%) users were non-adherent to medications (MPR Conclusion and clinical relevance: Adherence to treatment is low. The relative efficacy of continuous vs on-demand treatment for allergic rhinitis symptoms is still a matter of debate. This study shows an approach for measuring retrospective adherence based on a mobile app. This also represents a novel approach for analysing medication-taking behaviour in a real-world setting.Peer reviewe

Electronic Energy Levels of Dysprosium(III) ions in Solution. Assigning the Emitting State and the Intraconfigurational 4f-4f Transitions in the Vis-NIR Region and Photophysical Characterization of Dy(III) in Water, Methanol, and Dimethyl Sulfoxide

Dysprosium­(III) ions are the third most luminescent lanthanide­(III) ions. Dy­(III) is used as dopant in optical fibers and as shift reagent in NMR imaging and is the element at the forefront of research in single-molecule magnets. Nonetheless, the excited state manifold of the dysprosium­(III) ion is not fully mapped and the nature of the emitting state has not been unequivocally assigned. In the work reported here, the photophysical properties of dysprosium­(III) triflate dissolved in H2O, MeOH, and DMSO have been studied in great detail. The solvates are symmetric, all oxygen donor atom complexes where the coordination number is 8 or 9. By comparing protonated and deuterated solvents, performing variable temperature spectroscopy, and determining the excited state lifetimes and luminescence quantum yields, the solution structure can be inferred. For the three complexes, the observed electronic energy levels were determined using absorption and emission spectroscopy. The Dy­(III) excited state manifolds of the three solvates differ from that reported by Carnall, in particular for the low lying 6F-states. It is shown that dysprosium­(III) complexes primarily luminesce from the 4F9/2 state, although thermal population of, and subsequent luminescence from the 4I15/2 state is observed. The intrinsic luminescence quantum yield is moderate (∼10%) in DMSO-d6 and is significantly reduced in protonated solvent as both C–H and O–H oscillators act as efficient quenchers of the 4F9/2 state. We are able to conclude that the emitting state in dysprosium­(III) is 4F9/2, that the mJ levels must be considered when determining electronic energy levels of dysprosium­(III), and that scrutiny of the transition probabilities may reveal the structure of dysprosium­(III) ions in solution

Versatile and Validated Optical Authentication System Based on Physical Unclonable Functions

Counterfeit consumer products, electronic components, and medicines generate heavy economic losses, pose a massive security risk, and endanger human lives on a daily basis. Combatting counterfeits requires incorporation of uncopiable or unclonable features in each and every product. By exploiting the inherent randomness of stochastic processes, an optical authentication system based on physical unclonable functions (PUFs) was developed. The system relies on placing unique tagsPUF-tagson the individual products. The tags can be created using commercial printing and coating technologies using several combinations of carrier materials and taggant materials. The authentication system was found to be independent of how contrast was generated, and examples of PUF-tags based on scattering, absorption, and luminescence were made. A version of the authentication using the combination of scattering-based PUF-tags and a smartphone-based reader was validated on a sample size of 9720 unique codes. With zero false positives in 29 154 matches, an encoding capacity of 2.5 × 10120, and a low cost of manufacture, the scattering-based authentication system was found to have the potential to solve the problem of counterfeit products

Using Chiral Auxiliaries to Mimic the Effect of Chiral Media on the Structure of Lanthanide(III) Complexes Common in Bioimaging and Diagnostic MRI

[Ln·DOTA]- complexes, and systems derived therefrom, are commonly used in MRI and optical bioimaging. These lanthanide(III) complexes are chiral and, in solution, they are present in eight forms, two sets of four uncapped and four capped forms. Each set of four consist of two sets of enatiomers, with the ligand backbone in either a square antiprismatic, SAP, or twisted square antiprismatic geometry, TSAP. This complex speciation is found in laboratory samples. To investigate speciation in biological media, when Ln·DOTA-like complexes interact with chiral biomolecules, six Eu·DOTA-monoamide complexes were prepared and investigated using 1D and 2D 1H NMR. To emulate the chirality of biological media, the amide pendant arm was modified with one or two chiral centers. It was known that a chiral center on the DOTA scaffold significantly influences the properties of the system. Here, it was found that chirality much further away from the metal changes the available conformational space, and that both chiral centers and cis/trans isomerism are important, a fact that, for the optically pure materials, led to the conclusion that sixteen forms had to be considered, instead of the eight forms necessary for DOTA. The results reported here clearly demonstrate the diverse speciation that must be considered when correlating an observation to a structure of a lanthanide(III) complex

Voxel-based evidence of perfusion normalization in glioblastoma patients included in a phase I\textendashII trial of radiotherapy/tipifarnib combination

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