Directional Selection on Tree Seedling Traits Driven by Experimental Drought Differs Between Mesic and Dry Populations

Original ResearchWe evaluated population differences and drought-induced phenotypic selection on four seedling traits of the Australian forest tree Eucalyptus pauciflora using a glasshouse drydown experiment. We compared dry and mesic populations and tested for directional selection on lamina length (reflecting leaf size), leaf shape, the node of ontogenetic transition to the petiolate leaf (reflecting the loss of vegetative juvenility), and lignotuber size (reflecting a recovery trait). On average, the dry population had smaller and broader leaves, greater retention of the juvenile leaf state and larger lignotubers than the mesic population, but the populations did not differ in seedling survival. While there was statistical support for directional selection acting on the focal traits in one or other population, and for differences between populations in selection gradient estimates for two traits, only one trait—lamina length—exhibited a pattern of directional selection consistent with the observed population differences being a result of past adaptation to reduce seedling susceptibility to acute drought. The observed directional selection for lamina length in the mesic population suggests that future increases in drought risk in the wild will shift the mean of the mesic population toward that of the dry population. Further, we provide evidence suggesting an early age trade-off between drought damage and recovery traits, with phenotypes which develop larger lignotubers early being more susceptible to drought death. Such trade-offs could have contributed to the absence of population mean differences in survival, despite marked differentiation in seedling traitsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

A violência domiciliar contra crianças e adolescentes e a responsabilidade dos profissionais de saúde: uma revisão bibliográfica

Objetivos: Discutir a violência contra crianças e adolescentes e a responsabilidade dos profissionais de saúde na identificação e notificação desses eventos. Fonte de dados: Foi realizado um levantamento bibliográfico no portal da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, de modo a identificar as publicações sobre o tema da violência contra crianças e adolescentes, incluindo termos relacionados à notificação de casos de maus-tratos. A pesquisa foi realizada de agosto a novembro de 2012 e foram selecionadas publicações no período de 2001 a 2012, além de material institucional do Ministério da Saúde e legislações pertinentes à temática pesquisada. Síntese de dados: O estudo demonstrou que a Política Nacional de Redução da Morbimortalidade por Acidentes e Violência tornou compulsória a notificação de todos os casos, suspeitos ou confirmados, de maus tratos, no intuito de desencadear um processo que visa interromper atitudes e comportamentos violentos por parte de qualquer agressor, além de promover cuidados sócio-sanitários voltados à proteção das vítimas. Contudo, por despreparo em lidar com tais situações, muitos profissionais deixam de realizar a notificação por acreditarem que a violência é um fato jurídico e de segurança pública, não caracterizando um problema de saúde. Conclusão: Conclui-se que há uma lacuna nas notificações e identificações desses casos pelos profissionais de saúde sendo, portanto, imprescindível a implementação de programas de educação permanente nos serviços

The Fourteenth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey and from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment

The fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV) has been in operation since July 2014. This paper describes the second data release from this phase, and the fourteenth from SDSS overall (making this, Data Release Fourteen or DR14). This release makes public data taken by SDSS-IV in its first two years of operation (July 2014-2016). Like all previous SDSS releases, DR14 is cumulative, including the most recent reductions and calibrations of all data taken by SDSS since the first phase began operations in 2000. New in DR14 is the first public release of data from the extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS); the first data from the second phase of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE-2), including stellar parameter estimates from an innovative data driven machine learning algorithm known as "The Cannon"; and almost twice as many data cubes from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at APO (MaNGA) survey as were in the previous release (N = 2812 in total). This paper describes the location and format of the publicly available data from SDSS-IV surveys. We provide references to the important technical papers describing how these data have been taken (both targeting and observation details) and processed for scientific use. The SDSS website (www.sdss.org) has been updated for this release, and provides links to data downloads, as well as tutorials and examples of data use. SDSS-IV is planning to continue to collect astronomical data until 2020, and will be followed by SDSS-V.Comment: SDSS-IV collaboration alphabetical author data release paper. DR14 happened on 31st July 2017. 19 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by ApJS on 28th Nov 2017 (this is the "post-print" and "post-proofs" version; minor corrections only from v1, and most of errors found in proofs corrected

DESAFIOS CLÍNICOS NA ENCEFALOPATIA HEPÁTICA: INTEGRAÇÃO DE CUIDADOS PSIQUIÁTRICOS E CIRÚRGICOS NO TRATAMENTO

This study addresses the integration of psychiatric and surgical care in managing hepatic encephalopathy, highlighting its importance in the multidisciplinary approach to the condition. The aim is to investigate the effectiveness of this approach in improving clinical outcomes for affected patients. The methodology involved a detailed literature review, using specific descriptors and rigorous inclusion criteria to identify relevant studies. The results highlight a significant improvement in patients' quality of life and a reduction in complications associated with hepatic encephalopathy with the multidisciplinary approach. In conclusion, this collaborative approach proves to be crucial for a more comprehensive and effective management of hepatic encephalopathy, promoting better clinical outcomes and higher quality of life.Este estudo aborda a integração de cuidados psiquiátricos e cirúrgicos na gestão da encefalopatia hepática, destacando sua importância na abordagem multidisciplinar da condição. O objetivo é investigar a eficácia dessa abordagem para melhorar os desfechos clínicos dos pacientes afetados. A metodologia envolveu uma revisão detalhada da literatura, utilizando descritores específicos e critérios de inclusão rigorosos para identificar estudos relevantes. Os resultados destacam uma melhoria significativa na qualidade de vida dos pacientes e uma redução nas complicações associadas à encefalopatia hepática com a abordagem multidisciplinar. Em conclusão, essa abordagem colaborativa demonstra ser fundamental para uma gestão mais abrangente e eficaz da encefalopatia hepática, promovendo melhores resultados clínicos e uma maior qualidade de vida

Search for pair-produced resonances decaying to jet pairs in proton-proton collisions at √s=8 TeV

Results are reported of a general search for pair production of heavy resonances decaying to pairs of hadronic jets in events with at least four jets. The study is based on up to 19.4 fb(-1) of integrated luminosity from proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV, recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC. Limits are determined on the production of scalar top quarks (top squarks) in the framework of R-parity violating supersymmetry and on the production of color-octet vector bosons (colorons). First limits at the LHC are placed on top squark production for two scenarios. The first assumes decay to a bottom quark and a light-flavor quark and is excluded for masses between 200 and 385 GeV, and the second assumes decay to a pair of light-flavor quarks and is excluded for masses between 200 and 350 GeV at 95% confidence level. Previous limits on colorons decaying to light-flavor quarks are extended to exclude masses from 200 to 835 GeV

The 16th Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: First Release from the APOGEE-2 Southern Survey and Full Release of eBOSS Spectra

This paper documents the 16th data release (DR16) from the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys (SDSS), the fourth and penultimate from the fourth phase (SDSS-IV). This is the first release of data from the Southern Hemisphere survey of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2); new data from APOGEE-2 North are also included. DR16 is also notable as the final data release for the main cosmological program of the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), and all raw and reduced spectra from that project are released here. DR16 also includes all the data from the Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey and new data from the SPectroscopic IDentification of ERosita Survey programs, both of which were co-observed on eBOSS plates. DR16 has no new data from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey (or the MaNGA Stellar Library "MaStar"). We also preview future SDSS-V operations (due to start in 2020), and summarize plans for the final SDSS-IV data release (DR17)

The 16th Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys: First Release from the APOGEE-2 Southern Survey and Full Release of eBOSS Spectra

This paper documents the 16th data release (DR16) from the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys (SDSS), the fourth and penultimate from the fourth phase (SDSS-IV). This is the first release of data from the Southern Hemisphere survey of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2); new data from APOGEE-2 North are also included. DR16 is also notable as the final data release for the main cosmological program of the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), and all raw and reduced spectra from that project are released here. DR16 also includes all the data from the Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey and new data from the SPectroscopic IDentification of ERosita Survey programs, both of which were co-observed on eBOSS plates. DR16 has no new data from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey (or the MaNGA Stellar Library "MaStar"). We also preview future SDSS-V operations (due to start in 2020), and summarize plans for the final SDSS-IV data release (DR17)

The 16th Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys : First Release from the APOGEE-2 Southern Survey and Full Release of eBOSS Spectra

This paper documents the 16th data release (DR16) from the Sloan Digital Sky Surveys (SDSS), the fourth and penultimate from the fourth phase (SDSS-IV). This is the first release of data from the Southern Hemisphere survey of the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2); new data from APOGEE-2 North are also included. DR16 is also notable as the final data release for the main cosmological program of the Extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS), and all raw and reduced spectra from that project are released here. DR16 also includes all the data from the Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey and new data from the SPectroscopic IDentification of ERosita Survey programs, both of which were co-observed on eBOSS plates. DR16 has no new data from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey (or the MaNGA Stellar Library "MaStar"). We also preview future SDSS-V operations (due to start in 2020), and summarize plans for the final SDSS-IV data release (DR17).Peer reviewe