330 research outputs found
1,2-Bis(4-nitrobenzyl)diselane
The title compound, C14H12N2O4Se2, is not chiral, but the molecules assume a chiral conformation in the solid state and crystallize as an aggregate. The central C—Se—Se—C torsion angle is 90.4 (2)°, while the two Se—Se—C—C fragments assume gauche conformations with values of −59.4 (5) and 67.5 (4)°. The dihedral angle between the two benzene rings is 80.74 (14)°
Alimentary canal of fifth instar larvae of Lymantria dispar (Lepidoptera: Erebidae, Lymatriinae)
Here, the alimentary canal of fifth instar larvae of the gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) was re-investigated with light microscopy (LM), and for the first time with laser scanning confocalmicroscopy (LSCM) and scanning electronmicroscopy (SEM). We describe morphological characteristics and provide morphometric data. Well-developed dilator muscles and Malpighian bladders suggest a high capacity for food propulsion, excretion, absorption, and detoxification. The epithelium of the alimentary canal of L. dispar is histologically simple and that of the midgut is composed of columnar, goblet, and regenerative cells. Particular arrangement of the intima of crop with a central ventral region recalling a ladder and numerous folds was detected, indicating the capability for a large increase in volume to store food. Numerous spinules were observed on the cuticular intima of pylorus and spinules of a different type were observed on the pyloric valve, and these might assist in propelling the feces
(±)-4a-(4-Nitrobenzyl)-2,3,4,4a-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole
The title molecule, C19H18N2O2, is built up from three fused rings, viz. phenyl, pyrrole and cyclohexane, linked to a nitrobenzyl group. The C atom bearing the nitrobenzyl group is chiral and the compound is a racemate (R/S). The dihedral angle between the nitrobenzyl and indole rings is 57.49 (5)°. The cyclohexane ring adopts a slightly distorted chair conformation
Anapole mediated giant photothermal nonlinearity in nanostructured silicon
Featured with a plethora of electric and magnetic Mie resonances, high index
dielectric nanostructures offer a versatile platform to concentrate
light-matter interactions at the nanoscale. By integrating unique features of
far-field scattering control and near-field concentration from radiationless
anapole states, here, we demonstrate a giant photothermal nonlinearity in
single subwavelength-sized silicon nanodisks. The nanoscale energy
concentration and consequent near-field enhancements mediated by the anapole
mode yield a reversible nonlinear scattering with a large modulation depth and
a broad dynamic range, unveiling a record-high nonlinear index change up to 0.5
at mild incident light intensities on the order of MW/cm2. The observed
photothermal nonlinearity showcases three orders of magnitude enhancement
compared with that of unstructured bulk silicon, as well as nearly one order of
magnitude higher than that through the radiative electric dipolar mode. Such
nonlinear scattering can empower distinctive point spread functions in confocal
reflectance imaging, offering the potential for far-field localization of
nanostructured Si with an accuracy approaching 40 nm. Our findings shed new
light on active silicon photonics based on optical anapoles
Dietary phytochemical and metabolic disease prevention: Focus on plant proteins
Plant-based functional foods have attracted increasing research interest to validate their use in preventing metabolic disease. Since it is increasingly recognized that inflammation, oxidative stress, and circadian rhythm play vital roles in various metabolic diseases, including diabetes, obesity and non-alcoholic liver disease, plant proteins, protein hydrolysates, and food extracts that intervene in these biological processes are promising dietary supplements to prevent metabolic diseases. Here, we reviewed the recent research on plant-based foods used for metabolic disease prevention and provided new perspectives regarding the current study gaps and future directions in this field
Multiphoton Quantum Optics and Quantum State Engineering
We present a review of theoretical and experimental aspects of multiphoton
quantum optics. Multiphoton processes occur and are important for many aspects
of matter-radiation interactions that include the efficient ionization of atoms
and molecules, and, more generally, atomic transition mechanisms;
system-environment couplings and dissipative quantum dynamics; laser physics,
optical parametric processes, and interferometry. A single review cannot
account for all aspects of such an enormously vast subject. Here we choose to
concentrate our attention on parametric processes in nonlinear media, with
special emphasis on the engineering of nonclassical states of photons and
atoms. We present a detailed analysis of the methods and techniques for the
production of genuinely quantum multiphoton processes in nonlinear media, and
the corresponding models of multiphoton effective interactions. We review
existing proposals for the classification, engineering, and manipulation of
nonclassical states, including Fock states, macroscopic superposition states,
and multiphoton generalized coherent states. We introduce and discuss the
structure of canonical multiphoton quantum optics and the associated one- and
two-mode canonical multiphoton squeezed states. This framework provides a
consistent multiphoton generalization of two-photon quantum optics and a
consistent Hamiltonian description of multiphoton processes associated to
higher-order nonlinearities. Finally, we discuss very recent advances that by
combining linear and nonlinear optical devices allow to realize multiphoton
entangled states of the electromnagnetic field, that are relevant for
applications to efficient quantum computation, quantum teleportation, and
related problems in quantum communication and information.Comment: 198 pages, 36 eps figure
AIDA directly connects sympathetic innervation to adaptive thermogenesis by UCP1
AIDA最早是由林圣彩教授团队首先鉴定和命名的。2007年林圣彩教授团队与孟安明院士团队合作发现AIDA在斑马鱼体轴发育中的功能(Rui, 2007)。2018年,林圣彩教授团队首次发现了AIDA在哺乳动物中的功能,即AIDA介导的内质网降解途径通过降解脂肪合成途径中的关键酶,而限制膳食脂肪在肠道的吸收这一内在抵御肥胖(Luo, 2018)。而本次成果揭示了AIDA在棕色脂肪组织中特定的功能。这些工作将AIDA引入了脂质应激代谢的重要环节,包括脂质吸收和依赖于脂质的产热过程。该论文的共同第一作者为生命科学学院博士生史猛和硕士生黄晓羽,林圣彩教授和林舒勇教授则为共同通讯作者。【Abstract】The sympathetic nervous system–catecholamine–uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) axis plays an essential role in non-shivering adaptive thermogenesis. However, whether there exists a direct effector that physically connects catecholamine signalling to UCP1 in response to acute cold is unknown. Here we report that outer mitochondrial membrane-located AIDA is phosphorylated at S161 by the catecholamine-activated protein kinase A (PKA). Phosphorylated AIDA translocates to the intermembrane space, where it binds to and activates the uncoupling activity of UCP1 by promoting cysteine oxidation of UCP1.Adipocyte-specific depletion of AIDA abrogates UCP1-dependent thermogenesis, resulting in hypothermia during acute cold exposure. Re-expression of S161A-AIDA, unlike wild-type AIDA, fails to restore the acute cold response in Aida-knockout mice.The PKA–AIDA–UCP1 axis is highly conserved in mammals, including hibernators. Denervation of the sympathetic postganglionic fibres abolishes cold-induced AIDA-dependent thermogenesis. These findings uncover a direct mechanistic link between sympathetic input and UCP1-mediated adaptive thermogenesis.We thank Y. Li, E. Gnaiger, T. Kuwaki, J. R. B. Lighton, E. T. Chouchani and D. Jiang for technical instruction; X. Li and X.-D. Jiang (Core Facility of Biomedical, Xiamen University) for raising the p-S161-AIDA antibody; the Xiamen University Laboratory Animal Center for the mouse in vitro fertilization service and all the other members of S.C.L. laboratory for their technical assistance. This work was supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Project of China (grant no. 2016YFA0502001) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant nos 31822027, 31871168, 31690101, 91854208 and 82088102), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (grant nos 20720190084 and 20720200069), Project ‘111’ sponsored by the State Bureau of Foreign Experts and Ministry of Education of China (grant no. BP2018017), the Youth Innovation Fund of Xiamen (grant no. 3502Z20206028), the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China (grant no. 2017J01364) and XMU Training Program of Innovation and Entrepreneurship for Undergraduates (grant no. 2019×0666).
该工作得到了厦门大学实验动物中心和生物医学学部仪器平台的重要协助和国家重点研究和发展项目,国家自然科学基金,厦门大学校长基金等的支持
Recommended from our members
Large-scale genetic study in East Asians identifies six new loci associated with colorectal cancer risk
Known genetic loci explain only a small proportion of the familial relative risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). We conducted the largest genome-wide association study in East Asians with 14,963 CRC cases and 31,945 controls and identified six new loci associated with CRC risk (P = 3.42 × 10−8 to 9.22 × 10−21) at 10q22.3, 10q25.2, 11q12.2, 12p13.31, 17p13.3 and 19q13.2. Two of these loci map to genes (TCF7L2 and TGFB1) with established roles in colorectal tumorigenesis. Four other loci are located in or near genes involved in transcription regulation (ZMIZ1), genome maintenance (FEN1), fatty acid metabolism (FADS1 and FADS2), cancer cell motility and metastasis (CD9) and cell growth and differentiation (NXN). We also found suggestive evidence for three additional loci associated with CRC risk near genome-wide significance at 8q24.11, 10q21.1 and 10q24.2. Furthermore, we replicated 22 previously reported CRC loci. Our study provides insights into the genetic basis of CRC and suggests new biological pathways
- …