Family, Peers and School Programs and the Influence on Juvenile Marijuana Use

Drug use has is a common form of deviance among adolescents. This paper focuses on the different ways that social institutions try to positively or negatively influence juveniles from becoming involved in drug use. I will provide evidence on school programs and give conclusions on the helpfulness of them. I will also write about the parent-child relationship and whether or not this is a main influence of substance abuse. Finally, the peer group will be analyzed to determine how much of an effect they might have. These three factors will be explored throughout the content of this literature review. By showing the effects of how family, peers and school programs influence drug and alcohol use, one will have a better understanding of why adolescents might or might not turn to these illegal activities. For the purpose of this paper, the main drug I will be focusing on will be marijuana. My research question asks what the different ways that family, peers and school programs influence drug use such as marijuana among adolescents. Through research of scholarly journal articles, I hypothesize that I will find both negative and positive effects that all three groups will have on drug use by a young person

Accelerating gravitational wave parameter estimation with multi-band template interpolation

Parameter estimation on gravitational wave signals from compact binary coalescence (CBC) requires the evaluation of computationally intensive waveform models, typically the bottleneck in the analysis. This cost will increase further as low frequency sensitivity in later second and third generation detectors motivates the use of longer waveforms. We describe a method for accelerating parameter estimation by exploiting the chirping behaviour of the signals to sample the waveform sparsely for portions where the full frequency resolution is not required. We demonstrate that the method can reproduce the original results with a waveform mismatch of $\leq 5\times 10^{-7}$, but with a waveform generation cost up to $\sim 50$ times lower for computationally costly frequency-domain waveforms starting from below 8 Hz

Hybrid Structure of Stretchable Interconnect for Reliable E-skin Application

This paper presents the methodology for realisation of stretchable interconnects based on hybrid thin film stack of spray-coated conductive polymer PEDOT: PSS and evaporated gold (Au) film. The PEDOT: PSS film, with its properties in electrical conductivity and mechanical softness, serves as a stress release buffer in the layered hybrid structure. With the serpentine-shape design, the stretchable interconnects can accommodate larger deformation in comparison with a straight line. The correlation between interconnects' morphology (i.e. cracks propagation) with their electrical behaviour has been studied through microscope in along with electrical characterisation under external strain. Furthermore, a comparison in failure strain among different serpentine-shaped designs has been studied. Higher level in stretchability of interconnects can be achieved with a larger arc degree in design. The fabricated stretchable interconnects can accommodate significant deformations up to 72% external strain while maintaining electrically conductive

Metal-organic dual layer structure for stretchable interconnects

This paper reports a novel method for obtaining stretchable interconnects using gold and organic material (PEDOT:PSS) in a dual-layer structure on PDMS substrate. With an appropriate design and carefully carried out microfabrication steps, the structure was successfully patterned into serpentine shape and highly stretchable interconnects were obtained. The fabricated interconnects can be stretched up to 170% of their original length while retaining an adequate level of conductivity

Printable stretchable interconnects

This article presents recent progress and a comprehensive overview of stretchable interconnects based on printable nanocomposites. Nanocomposite-based inks for printed stretchable interconnects have been categorized according to dispersed filler materials. They comprise of carbon-based fillers and metal-based fillers. Benefits in terms of excellent electrical performance and elastic properties make nanocomposites the ideal candidates for stretchable interconnect applications. Deeper analysis of nanocomposites-based stretchable interconnects includes the correlation between the size of fillers, percolation ratio, maximum electrical conductivity and mechanical elasticity. The key trends in the field have been highlighted using curve fitting methods on large data collected from the literature. Furthermore, a wide variety of applications for stretchable interconnects are presented

The Circadian Clock, the Immune System, and Viral Infections: The Intricate Relationship Between Biological Time and Host-Virus Interaction

Living beings spend their lives and carry out their daily activities interacting with environmental situations that present space-time variations and that involve contact with other life forms, which may behave as commensals or as invaders and/or parasites. The characteristics of the environment, as well as the processes that support the maintenance of life and that characterize the execution of activities of daily life generally present periodic variations, which are mostly synchronized with the light-dark cycle determined by Earth's rotation on its axis. These rhythms with 24-h periodicity, defined as circadian, influence events linked to the interaction between hosts and hosted microorganisms and can dramatically determine the outcome of this interplay. As for the various pathological conditions resulting from host-microorganism interactions, a particularly interesting scenario concerns infections by viruses. When a viral agent enters the body, it alters the biological processes of the infected cells in order to favour its replication and to spread to various tissues. Though our knowledge concerning the mutual influence between the biological clock and viruses is still limited, recent studies start to unravel interesting aspects of the clock-virus molecular interplay. Three different aspects of this interplay are addressed in this mini-review and include the circadian regulation of both innate and adaptive immune systems, the impact of the biological clock on viral infection itself, and finally the putative perturbations that the virus may confer to the clock leading to its deregulation

Investigating the Apparent Seismic Diffusivity of Near-Receiver Geology at Mount St. Helens Volcano, USA

Acknowledgments: The SAGES VALIDATE forum provided travel money for the discussion of the methodology within De Siena and Benson.Peer reviewedPublisher PD