490 research outputs found
Ultraviolet B radiation mediated generation of Platelet-activating factor agonists augments melanoma tumor growth
poster abstractPlatelet-activating factor (1-alkyl-2-acetyl-glycerophosphocholine; PAF) is a potent lipid mediator with diverse activities. Our previous studies have demonstrated that oxidized glycerophosphocholines (OxGPCs) that act as agonists for the Platelet-activating factor receptor (PAF-R) mediate ultraviolet B radiation (UVB) induced systemic immunosuppression in a process involving IL-10. However, the exact role of UVB-mediated systemic immunosuppression in pathophysiological processes remains unclear. The current studies sought to define whether UVB-induced systemic immunosuppression could modulate experimental murine melanoma tumor growth. Using a murine UVB model of systemic immunosuppression, we demonstrate that UVB exposure to a remote site from skin implanted with subcutaneous B16F10 melanoma results in enhanced tumor growth in C57BL/6 (wild-type) mice but not in PAF-R-deficient mice. We further show that intraperitoneal injection of the PAF agonist carbamoylPAF (CPAF) mimicked the UVB effect. Interestingly, neutralizing antibody against IL-10 blocked both CPAF- and UVB-mediated augmentation of B16F10 tumor growth. The next studies were designed to define whether the PAF-R effect was due to direct effects on B16F10 cells. Of note, B16F10 cells lack functional PAF-R expression. To address this question, we first generated PAF-R expressing B16F10 (B16-PAFR) and its vector control B16-MSCV cells by retroviral transduction and confirmed the presence of PAF-R in B16-PAF-R cells by intracellular Ca2+ flux in response to CPAF and qRT-PCR. Transplantation of B16-PAFR cells into mice did not result in an increased rate of tumor growth over control B16-MSCV cells either alone, or in response to UVB or CPAF. These studies provide a novel unreported effect of UVB-mediated PAF agonists, namely, that they can augment melanoma tumor growth via IL-10
Quark Hadron Phase Transition and Hybrid Stars
We investigate the properties of hybrid stars consisting of quark matter in
the core and hadron matter in outer region. The hadronic and quark matter
equations of state are calculated by using nonlinear Walecka model and chiral
colour dielectric (CCD) model respectively. We find that the phase transition
from hadron to quark matter is possible in a narrow range of the parameters of
nonlinear Walecka and CCD models. The transition is strong or weak first order
depending on the parameters used. The EOS thus obtained, is used to study the
properties of hybrid stars. We find that the calculated hybrid star properties
are similar to those of pure neutron stars.Comment: 25 pages in LaTex and 9 figures available on request, IP/BBSR/94-3
An observation of spin-valve effects in a semiconductor field effect transistor: a novel spintronic device
We present the first spintronic semiconductor field effect transistor.
The injector and collector contacts of this device were made from magnetic
permalloy thin films with different coercive fields so that they could be
magnetized either parallel or antiparallel to each other in different applied
magnetic fields. The conducting medium was a two dimensional electron gas
(2DEG) formed in an AlSb/InAs quantum well.
Data from this device suggest that its resistance is controlled by two
different types of spin-valve effect: the first occurring at the
ferromagnet-2DEG interfaces; and the second occuring in direct propagation
between contacts.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
Single Spin Asymmetry in Polarized Proton-Proton Elastic Scattering at GeV
We report a high precision measurement of the transverse single spin
asymmetry at the center of mass energy GeV in elastic
proton-proton scattering by the STAR experiment at RHIC. The was measured
in the four-momentum transfer squared range \GeVcSq, the region of a significant interference between the
electromagnetic and hadronic scattering amplitudes. The measured values of
and its -dependence are consistent with a vanishing hadronic spin-flip
amplitude, thus providing strong constraints on the ratio of the single
spin-flip to the non-flip amplitudes. Since the hadronic amplitude is dominated
by the Pomeron amplitude at this , we conclude that this measurement
addresses the question about the presence of a hadronic spin flip due to the
Pomeron exchange in polarized proton-proton elastic scattering.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure
Anisotropic flow of charged hadrons, pions and (anti-)protons measured at high transverse momentum in Pb-Pb collisions at TeV
The elliptic, , triangular, , and quadrangular, , azimuthal
anisotropic flow coefficients are measured for unidentified charged particles,
pions and (anti-)protons in Pb-Pb collisions at TeV
with the ALICE detector at the Large Hadron Collider. Results obtained with the
event plane and four-particle cumulant methods are reported for the
pseudo-rapidity range at different collision centralities and as a
function of transverse momentum, , out to GeV/.
The observed non-zero elliptic and triangular flow depends only weakly on
transverse momentum for GeV/. The small dependence
of the difference between elliptic flow results obtained from the event plane
and four-particle cumulant methods suggests a common origin of flow
fluctuations up to GeV/. The magnitude of the (anti-)proton
elliptic and triangular flow is larger than that of pions out to at least
GeV/ indicating that the particle type dependence persists out
to high .Comment: 16 pages, 5 captioned figures, authors from page 11, published
version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/186
Centrality dependence of charged particle production at large transverse momentum in Pb-Pb collisions at TeV
The inclusive transverse momentum () distributions of primary
charged particles are measured in the pseudo-rapidity range as a
function of event centrality in Pb-Pb collisions at
TeV with ALICE at the LHC. The data are presented in the range
GeV/ for nine centrality intervals from 70-80% to 0-5%.
The Pb-Pb spectra are presented in terms of the nuclear modification factor
using a pp reference spectrum measured at the same collision
energy. We observe that the suppression of high- particles strongly
depends on event centrality. In central collisions (0-5%) the yield is most
suppressed with at -7 GeV/. Above
GeV/, there is a significant rise in the nuclear modification
factor, which reaches for GeV/. In
peripheral collisions (70-80%), the suppression is weaker with almost independently of . The measured nuclear
modification factors are compared to other measurements and model calculations.Comment: 17 pages, 4 captioned figures, 2 tables, authors from page 12,
published version, figures at
http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/284
Measurement of charm production at central rapidity in proton-proton collisions at TeV
The -differential production cross sections of the prompt (B
feed-down subtracted) charmed mesons D, D, and D in the rapidity
range , and for transverse momentum GeV/, were
measured in proton-proton collisions at TeV with the ALICE
detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The analysis exploited the hadronic
decays DK, DK, DD, and their charge conjugates, and was performed on a
nb event sample collected in 2011 with a
minimum-bias trigger. The total charm production cross section at TeV and at 7 TeV was evaluated by extrapolating to the full phase space
the -differential production cross sections at TeV
and our previous measurements at TeV. The results were compared
to existing measurements and to perturbative-QCD calculations. The fraction of
cdbar D mesons produced in a vector state was also determined.Comment: 20 pages, 5 captioned figures, 4 tables, authors from page 15,
published version, figures at
http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/307
Particle-yield modification in jet-like azimuthal di-hadron correlations in Pb-Pb collisions at = 2.76 TeV
The yield of charged particles associated with high- trigger
particles ( GeV/) is measured with the ALICE detector in
Pb-Pb collisions at = 2.76 TeV relative to proton-proton
collisions at the same energy. The conditional per-trigger yields are extracted
from the narrow jet-like correlation peaks in azimuthal di-hadron correlations.
In the 5% most central collisions, we observe that the yield of associated
charged particles with transverse momenta GeV/ on the
away-side drops to about 60% of that observed in pp collisions, while on the
near-side a moderate enhancement of 20-30% is found.Comment: 15 pages, 2 captioned figures, 1 table, authors from page 10,
published version, figures at
http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/350
Effect of event selection on jetlike correlation measurement in d+Au collisions at sNN=200 GeV
AbstractDihadron correlations are analyzed in sNN=200 GeV d+Au collisions classified by forward charged particle multiplicity and zero-degree neutral energy in the Au-beam direction. It is found that the jetlike correlated yield increases with the event multiplicity. After taking into account this dependence, the non-jet contribution on the away side is minimal, leaving little room for a back-to-back ridge in these collisions
J/ψ polarization in p+p collisions at s=200 GeV in STAR
AbstractWe report on a polarization measurement of inclusive J/ψ mesons in the di-electron decay channel at mid-rapidity at 2<pT<6 GeV/c in p+p collisions at s=200 GeV. Data were taken with the STAR detector at RHIC. The J/ψ polarization measurement should help to distinguish between different models of the J/ψ production mechanism since they predict different pT dependences of the J/ψ polarization. In this analysis, J/ψ polarization is studied in the helicity frame. The polarization parameter λθ measured at RHIC becomes smaller towards high pT, indicating more longitudinal J/ψ polarization as pT increases. The result is compared with predictions of presently available models
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