Impact of high-pressure homogenization on the cell integrity of Tetradesmus obliquus and seed germination

ABSTRACT: Microalgae have almost unlimited applications due to their versatility and robustness to grow in different environmental conditions, their biodiversity and variety of valuable bioactive compounds. Wastewater can be used as a low-cost and readily available medium for microalgae, while the latter removes the pollutants to produce clean water. Nevertheless, since the most valuable metabolites are mainly located inside the microalga cell, their release implies rupturing the cell wall. In this study, Tetradesmus obliquus grown in 5% piggery effluent was disrupted using high-pressure homogenization (HPH). Effects of HPH pressure (100, 300, and 600 bar) and cycles (1, 2 and 3) were tested on the membrane integrity and evaluated using flow cytometry and microscopy. In addition, wheat seed germination trials were carried out using the biomass at different conditions. Increased HPH pressure or number of cycles led to more cell disruption (75% at 600 bar and 3 cycles). However, the highest increase in wheat germination and growth (40-45%) was observed at the lowest pressure (100 bar), where only 46% of the microalga cells were permeabilised, but not disrupted. Non-treated T. obliquus cultures also revealed an enhancing effect on root and shoot length (up to 40%). The filtrate of the initial culture also promoted shoot development compared to water (21%), reinforcing the full use of all the process fractions. Thus, piggery wastewater can be used to produce microalgae biomass, and mild HPH conditions can promote cell permeabilization to release sufficient amounts of bioactive compounds with the ability to enhance plant germination and growth, converting an economic and environmental concern into environmentally sustainable applications.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Trigonometria: conhecimento de conteúdo e de ensino fundamentados em uma revisão sistemática de literatura

A trigonometria é requisito para outros conhecimentos da matemática e de distintas áreas da ciência. Embora esse tema integre grande parte do currículo da escolaridade básica, para pesquisadores da educação matemática, pouco é efetivamente apreendido por alunos. Esse contexto motivou um estudo bibliográfico e descritivo baseado em uma revisão sistemática de literatura visando identificar: conhecimentos de professores acerca de conteúdos de trigonometria e seus requisitos e estratégias de ensino de trigonometria que vêm sendo implementadas na educação básica. Dez trabalhos atenderam aos critérios de inclusão e exclusão impostos pelo protocolo. Os resultados, em termos de conhecimento de conteúdo, sinalizam compreensão limitada sobre os conceitos de Trigonometria pelos professores. Quanto às estratégias de ensino, os trabalhos investigados enfatizam situações didáticas, materiais manipuláveis e recursos tecnológicos. Pela importância do tema para a comunidade escolar e acadêmico-científica, recomendamos investigações que examinem conhecimentos já existentes criando estratégias para abordagem do tema

CONTAMINAÇÃO POR AGROTÓXICOS E SEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR EM HORTAS COMUNITÁRIAS DA CIDADE DE PALMAS-TO

Urban community gardens are a great incentive to generate income and healthy eating, because in these it is forbidden to use any pesticide in their vegetable production. These products have a strong interference in the quality of life of the human population, and bring direct consequences for public health, due to residual contamination in food. This work aimed to research urban community gardens in Palmas-TO, through a mapping of these sites, application of a questionnaire with emphasis in, a diagnosis of production, use and handling of pesticides in these environments, as well as detection of Cypermethrin, in cabbage samples produced in these sites, by CG-MS (Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry). It was found that although the producers did not indicate the use of these substances, contrary to the reports of local inspection agencies, the presence of Cypermethrin as a contaminant was detected in 87.5% of the analyzed samples. These results bring a great concern about the health of workers, and food security of the population that consumes such foods.Los huertos comunitarios urbanos son un gran incentivo para generar ingresos y alimentación saludable, pues en estos está prohibido utilizar cualquier pesticida en su producción vegetal. Estos productos tienen una fuerte interferencia en la calidad de vida de la población humana, y traen consecuencias directas para la salud pública, debido a la contaminación residual en los alimentos. Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo investigar los jardines comunitarios urbanos en Palmas-TO, a través de un mapeo de estos sitios, la aplicación de un cuestionario con énfasis, en un diagnóstico de producción, uso y manejo de pesticidas en estos ambientes, así como la detección de cipermetrina, en muestras de col producidas en estos sitios, por CG-MS (Cromatografía de gases acoplada a espectrometría de masas). Se encontró que aunque los productores no indicaron el uso de estas sustancias, según lo previsto en los informes de los organismos de inspección locales, se detectó la presencia de cipermetrina como contaminante en el 87,5% de las muestras analizadas. Estos resultados traen una gran preocupación por la salud de los trabajadores, y la seguridad alimentaria de la población que consume dichos alimentosAs hortas comunitárias urbanas são um grande incentivo a geração de renda e a alimentação saudável, pois nestas é proibido o uso de qualquer agrotóxico nas suas produções de hortaliças. Estes produtos têm forte interferência na qualidade de vida da população humana, e trazem consequências diretas para a saúde pública, pela contaminação residual nos alimentos. Este trabalho objetivou a pesquisa em hortas comunitárias urbanas em Palmas-TO, através de um mapeamento desses locais, aplicação de questionário com ênfase, num diagnóstico de produção, uso e manuseio de agrotóxicos nestes ambientes, assim como detecção de Cipermetrina, em amostras de couve produzidas nestes locais, por CG-EM (Cromatografia gasosa acoplada a espectrometria de massas). Verificou-se que embora os produtores não apontassem a utilização dessas substâncias, em contraponto aos relatos de órgãos de fiscalização dos locais, foram detectados a presença de Cipermetrina como contaminante em 87,5% das amostras analisadas. Estes resultados trazem uma enorme preocupação frente a saúde dos trabalhadores, e segurança alimentar da população que consome tais alimentos. &nbsp

Athos project - technical assistance for social housing

O projeto ATHOS se propõe a atuar contra os impactos da COVID-19 para a população que vive em situação de vulnerabilidade social, por meio de ações de caráter interdisciplinar, intersetorial e interinstitucional. No âmbito da Habitação de Interesse Social (HIS), contempla os direitos constitucionais à saúde, à moradia e à cidade, que têm sido comprometidos diante da segregação socioespacial urbana, do estrangulamento de infraestruturas e da degradação ambiental. As famílias de baixa renda estão expostas a condições de precariedade, insalubridade e superlotação das suas habitações, o que potencializa a sua vulnerabilidade à contaminação pela COVID-19

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Differential cross section measurements for the production of a W boson in association with jets in proton–proton collisions at √s = 7 TeV

Measurements are reported of differential cross sections for the production of a W boson, which decays into a muon and a neutrino, in association with jets, as a function of several variables, including the transverse momenta (pT) and pseudorapidities of the four leading jets, the scalar sum of jet transverse momenta (HT), and the difference in azimuthal angle between the directions of each jet and the muon. The data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 5.0 fb[superscript −1]. The measured cross sections are compared to predictions from Monte Carlo generators, MadGraph + pythia and sherpa, and to next-to-leading-order calculations from BlackHat + sherpa. The differential cross sections are found to be in agreement with the predictions, apart from the pT distributions of the leading jets at high pT values, the distributions of the HT at high-HT and low jet multiplicity, and the distribution of the difference in azimuthal angle between the leading jet and the muon at low values.United States. Dept. of EnergyNational Science Foundation (U.S.)Alfred P. Sloan Foundatio

Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good

Juxtaposing BTE and ATE – on the role of the European insurance industry in funding civil litigation

One of the ways in which legal services are financed, and indeed shaped, is through private insurance arrangement. Two contrasting types of legal expenses insurance contracts (LEI) seem to dominate in Europe: before the event (BTE) and after the event (ATE) legal expenses insurance. Notwithstanding institutional differences between different legal systems, BTE and ATE insurance arrangements may be instrumental if government policy is geared towards strengthening a market-oriented system of financing access to justice for individuals and business. At the same time, emphasizing the role of a private industry as a keeper of the gates to justice raises issues of accountability and transparency, not readily reconcilable with demands of competition. Moreover, multiple actors (clients, lawyers, courts, insurers) are involved, causing behavioural dynamics which are not easily predicted or influenced. Against this background, this paper looks into BTE and ATE arrangements by analysing the particularities of BTE and ATE arrangements currently available in some European jurisdictions and by painting a picture of their respective markets and legal contexts. This allows for some reflection on the performance of BTE and ATE providers as both financiers and keepers. Two issues emerge from the analysis that are worthy of some further reflection. Firstly, there is the problematic long-term sustainability of some ATE products. Secondly, the challenges faced by policymakers that would like to nudge consumers into voluntarily taking out BTE LEI

Impacts of the Tropical Pacific/Indian Oceans on the Seasonal Cycle of the West African Monsoon

The current consensus is that drought has developed in the Sahel during the second half of the twentieth century as a result of remote effects of oceanic anomalies amplified by local land–atmosphere interactions. This paper focuses on the impacts of oceanic anomalies upon West African climate and specifically aims to identify those from SST anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Oceans during spring and summer seasons, when they were significant. Idealized sensitivity experiments are performed with four atmospheric general circulation models (AGCMs). The prescribed SST patterns used in the AGCMs are based on the leading mode of covariability between SST anomalies over the Pacific/Indian Oceans and summer rainfall over West Africa. The results show that such oceanic anomalies in the Pacific/Indian Ocean lead to a northward shift of an anomalous dry belt from the Gulf of Guinea to the Sahel as the season advances. In the Sahel, the magnitude of rainfall anomalies is comparable to that obtained by other authors using SST anomalies confined to the proximity of the Atlantic Ocean. The mechanism connecting the Pacific/Indian SST anomalies with West African rainfall has a strong seasonal cycle. In spring (May and June), anomalous subsidence develops over both the Maritime Continent and the equatorial Atlantic in response to the enhanced equatorial heating. Precipitation increases over continental West Africa in association with stronger zonal convergence of moisture. In addition, precipitation decreases over the Gulf of Guinea. During the monsoon peak (July and August), the SST anomalies move westward over the equatorial Pacific and the two regions where subsidence occurred earlier in the seasons merge over West Africa. The monsoon weakens and rainfall decreases over the Sahel, especially in August.Peer reviewe

Search for stop and higgsino production using diphoton Higgs boson decays

Results are presented of a search for a "natural" supersymmetry scenario with gauge mediated symmetry breaking. It is assumed that only the supersymmetric partners of the top-quark (stop) and the Higgs boson (higgsino) are accessible. Events are examined in which there are two photons forming a Higgs boson candidate, and at least two b-quark jets. In 19.7 inverse femtobarns of proton-proton collision data at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV, recorded in the CMS experiment, no evidence of a signal is found and lower limits at the 95% confidence level are set, excluding the stop mass below 360 to 410 GeV, depending on the higgsino mass