Curso teórico online de primeiros socorros na escola: percepção dos professores da educação básica

Introduction: At school, accidents are often witnessed by the teacher, who is responsible for the children and adolescents. Although the literature indicates the relevance of first aid courses, it is necessary to understand the perceptions of course participants, as the protagonists in this learning process, to adapt the training actions and the technologies used, since health education can drastically reduce unintentional injury rates. Objective: To understand the teacher perceptions in a private elementary school regarding the online course on first aid theoretical fundamentals. Methods: This is a qualitative and descriptive study that was developed in a private elementary school in the south of Minas Gerais, Brazil. the data collection was from January to March 2022. The study population consisted of ten teachers, who participated in the online extension course “Theoretical Fundamentals of first aid in schools”. The data collection was done through a semi-structured interview, mediated by remote technology, and the information was analyzed using Thematic Analysis. Results: The analysis resulted in two themes and a subtheme respectively: “First aid as a new topic for elementary school teachers”; “Contributions of the online course: new learning in first aid” and “The lack of practical classes as a limitation of the teaching strategy”. Conclusion: The online course has emerged as a useful resource for training teachers in first aid, expanding knowledge, and disclosing a field for reflection on school safety. However, the lack of practical content is identified as a limitation of the strategy, as it does not provide opportunities for the development of psychomotor skills.Introducción: En la escuela, los accidentes suelen ser presenciados por la persona docente, quien es el responsable de la persona menor de edad. Aunque la literatura indica la relevancia de los cursos de primeros auxilios, es necesario comprender la visión de quienes participan del curso. Al ser protagonistas del proceso de aprendizaje, se deben adaptar las acciones de formación y las tecnologías utilizadas, ya que la educación en salud puede reducir drásticamente las tasas de lesiones no intencionales. Objetivo: Conocer las percepciones del cuerpo docente de una escuela privada de educación básica sobre el curso en línea de fundamentos teóricos de primeros auxilios. Metodología: Se trata de un estudio cualitativo y descriptivo que se llevó a cabo en un centro privado de educación básica en el sur de Minas Gerais, Brasil. La recopilación de datos tuvo lugar de enero a marzo de 2022. La población de estudio estuvo constituida por diez docentes, que participaron del curso de extensión en línea “Fundamentos teóricos de los primeros auxilios en la escuela”. La recolección de datos se realizó a través de una entrevista semiestructurada, mediada por tecnología remota y el análisis de los datos se llevó a cabo mediante análisis temático. Resultados: El trabajo interpretativo resultó en dos temas y un subtema respectivamente: “Los primeros auxilios como objeto nuevo para los docentes de educación básica”, “Aportes del curso en línea: nuevos aprendizajes en primeros auxilios” y “La falta de clases prácticas como límite de la estrategia docente”.  Conclusión: El curso en línea surgió como un recurso útil para la capacitación de profesores en primeros auxilios, ampliando el conocimiento y abriendo un campo para la reflexión sobre la seguridad escolar. Sin embargo, la falta de contenido práctico se señala como una limitación de la estrategia, ya que no ofrece oportunidades para el desarrollo de habilidades psicomotoras.Introdução: Na escola os acidentes normalmente são testemunhados pelo professor, que é a figura responsável pelas crianças e adolescentes. Embora a literatura indique a relevância dos cursos em primeiros socorros, torna-se necessário entender a visão dos cursistas, como protagonistas do processo de aprendizagem, para adequar as ações formativas e as tecnologias utilizadas, uma vez que a educação em saúde pode reduzir drasticamente as taxas de lesões não intencionais. Objetivo: Conhecer as percepções dos professores de uma escola de educação básica privada a respeito do curso online de fundamentos teóricos de primeiros-socorros.  Método: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo e descritivo. O estudo foi realizado em um centro de educação básica privado do Sul de Minas Gerais, Brasil. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre os meses de janeiro a março de 2022. A população de estudo foi constituída por dez professores, que realizaram o curso de extensão online “Fundamentos teóricos de primeiros-socorros na escola”. A coleta de dados foi realizada por meio de entrevista semiestruturada, mediada por tecnologia remota e a análise foi feita por meio da Análise Temática. Resultados: O trabalho interpretativo resultou em dois temas e um subtema respectivamente: “Primeiros socorros como um novo objeto para os professores da educação básica”; “Contribuições do curso online: novas aprendizagens em primeiros socorros”; “A falta de aulas práticas como limite da estratégia de ensino”. Conclusão: O curso online despontou-se como recurso útil para capacitação de professores em primeiros socorros, amplia o conhecimento e abre um campo para reflexão sobre a segurança do ambiente escolar. Contudo, a ausência de conteúdo prático é apontada como um limite da estratégia, porque não oportuniza o desenvolvimento das habilidades psicomotoras

Soil evaluation for pineapple cultivation (ananás comosus) in the municipality of Teotônio Vilela, Alagoas / Avaliação do solo para cultivação de abacaxi (ananás comosus) no município de Teotônio Vilela, Alagoas

Soil fertility is one of the crucial factors for agriculture, which has as its main objective the increase of its production. This is why it is extremely important to know the nutritional requirement of the cultivar. The present study aimed to evaluate soil fertility in the municipality of Teotônio Vilela – Alagoas, in the Laudelino farm, emphasizing the quantification of the nutrients needed to guarantee the agricultural productivity for the pineapple crop (Ananás comosus). For this purpose, a random sampling of soil was initiated in the area 1.0 hectare in the layer of 0-20 cm of depth. Fifteen samples were collected (each sample with approximately 0.5 DM ³ of soil) from simple collection were mixed to compose a single composite sample and, from this, 1.0 kg of soil was withdrawn for posterior soil fertility analyses. Carried out in the soil Laboratory of the Agrarian Sciences Center (ECSC) of the Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL) located in the municipality of Rio Largo, AL. We analyzed the potential hydrogenionic (pH), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K +) accessible; Calcium (Ca + 2) and magnesium (Mg + 2) exchangeable; Exchangeable aluminum saturation (m%), CTC cation exchange capacity at pH 7.0 (T); Base sum (V%) and Organic matter (OM). It was observed that the results showed the following values: Ca + 2 contents (3.42 Cmolc/DM ³), CTC (T) (10.73 Cmolc/DM ³); K + (110 mg/DM ³), Mg + 2 (2.53 Cmolc/DM ³), Al + 3 (0.03 Cmolc/DM ³), MO (14.1 g/kg), P (5.0 mg/DM ³), M% (0.0), pH (5.6) and V% (59.0). From the results found, it is concluded that it will not be necessary to apply limestone to increase the base saturation to 60%, because 59% as found in the soil already satimakes nutritional need of the culture in question. In addition to this correction, it is also recommended the dosage of 160 kg of P2O5 and 40 kg of nitrogen (N) per hectare, through the incorporation in the soil of 800 kg/ha in the formulation 05-20-0. However, organic fertilization between 30 and 50 t/ha of curable corral manure, if possible 30 days before planting can elevate redendimento of the cultivar. It is noteworthy that its application is insexpenable to the culture by promoting better development to the plant and the fruit. 

Determinants of intensive insulin therapeutic regimens in patients with type 1 diabetes: data from a nationwide multicenter survey in Brazil

Background: To evaluate the determinants of intensive insulin regimens (ITs) in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).Methods: This multicenter study was conducted between December 2008 and December 2010 in 28 public clinics in 20 Brazilian cities. Data were obtained from 3,591 patients (56.0% female, 57.1% Caucasian). Insulin regimens were classified as follows: group 1, conventional therapy (CT) (intermediate human insulin, one to two injections daily); group 2 (three or more insulin injections of intermediate plus regular human insulin); group 3 (three or more insulin injections of intermediate human insulin plus short-acting insulin analogues); group 4, basal-bolus (one or two insulin injections of long-acting plus short-acting insulin analogues or regular insulin); and group 5, basal-bolus with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). Groups 2 to 5 were considered IT groups.Results: We obtained complete data from 2,961 patients. Combined intermediate plus regular human insulin was the most used therapeutic regimen. CSII was used by 37 (1.2%) patients and IT by 2,669 (90.2%) patients. More patients on IT performed self-monitoring of blood glucose and were treated at the tertiary care level compared to CT patients (p < 0.001). the majority of patients from all groups had HbA1c levels above the target. Overweight or obesity was not associated with insulin regimen. Logistic regression analysis showed that economic status, age, ethnicity, and level of care were associated with IT (p < 0.001).Conclusions: Given the prevalence of intensive treatment for T1D in Brazil, more effective therapeutic strategies are needed for long term-health benefits.Farmanguinhos/Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz/National Health MinistryBrazilian Diabetes SocietyFundacao do Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de JaneiroConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Unit Diabet, BR-20551030 Rio de Janeiro, BrazilBaurus Diabet Assoc, São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo State, Diabet Unit, São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ Hosp Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, BrazilUniv Hosp São Paulo, Diabet Unit, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniv Fed Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, BrazilSanta Casa Misericordia, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilSanta Casa Misericordia São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, BrazilHosp Geral de Bonsucesso, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilHosp Univ Clementino Fraga Filho IPPMG, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniv Hosp São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilFac Ciencias Med Santa Casa São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Inst Crianca, Hosp Clin, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Fac Med Ribeirao Preto, Hosp Clin, Ribeirao Preto, BrazilAmbulatorio Fac Estadual Med Sao Jose Rio Preto, Ribeirao Preto, BrazilEscola Paulista Med, Ctr Diabet, Ribeirao Preto, BrazilClin Endocrinol Santa Casa Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Estadual Londrina, Londrina, BrazilUniv Fed Parana, Hosp Clin, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilInst Crianca Com Diabet Rio Grande Sul, Rio Grande Do Sul, RS, BrazilGrp Hosp Conceicao, Inst Crianca Com Diabet, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilHosp Univ Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, BrazilInst Diabet Endocrinol Joinville, Joinville, BrazilHosp Reg Taguatinga, Brasilia, DF, BrazilHosp Geral Goiania, Goiania, Go, BrazilCtr Diabet & Endocrinol Estado Bahia, Goiania, Go, BrazilUniv Fed Maranhao, Sao Luis, BrazilCtr Integrado Diabet & Hipertensao Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, BrazilUniv Fed Sergipe, Aracaju, BrazilHosp Univ Alcides Carneiro, Campina Grande, BrazilHosp Univ Joao de Barros Barreto, Belem, Para, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo State, Diabet Unit, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Hosp São Paulo, Diabet Unit, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Hosp São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilEscola Paulista Med, Ctr Diabet, Ribeirao Preto, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Health-related quality of life in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the different geographical regions of Brazil : data from the Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group

Background: In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) management, enhancing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is as important as good metabolic control and prevention of secondary complications. This study aims to evaluate possible regional differences in HRQoL, demographic features and clinical characteristics of patients with T1DM in Brazil, a country of continental proportions, as well as investigate which variables could influence the HRQoL of these individuals and contribute to these regional disparities. Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, multicenter study performed by the Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group (BrazDiab1SG), by analyzing EuroQol scores from 3005 participants with T1DM, in 28 public clinics, among all geographical regions of Brazil. Data on demography, economic status, chronic complications, glycemic control and lipid profile were also collected. Results: We have found that the North-Northeast region presents a higher index in the assessment of the overall health status (EQ-VAS) compared to the Southeast (74.6 ± 30 and 70.4 ± 19, respectively; p < 0.05). In addition, North- Northeast presented a lower frequency of self-reported anxiety-depression compared to all regions of the country (North-Northeast: 1.53 ± 0.6; Southeast: 1.65 ± 0.7; South: 1.72 ± 0.7; Midwest: 1.67 ± 0.7; p < 0.05). These findings could not be entirely explained by the HbA1c levels or the other variables examined. Conclusions: Our study points to the existence of additional factors not yet evaluated that could be determinant in the HRQoL of people with T1DM and contribute to these regional disparities

Repercussões do Sars-Cov-2 no âmbito da cirurgia geral e medicina de emergência: uma revisão

Na China, em dezembro de 2019, foram relatados os primeiros casos da patologia respiratória&nbsp; COVID-19, doença causado pelo SARS-CoV-2, um RNA vírus. A propagação foi veloz e global, de maneira que a Organização Mundial de Saúde definiu como pandemia em março de 2020. A doença tem manifestação clínica variada, com enfermos assintomáticos ou manifestando quadro crítico, apresentando alta transmissibilidade e letalidade considerável. Simultaneamente, indivíduos com indicação cirúrgica, de origem traumática ou não, tiveram seus atendimentos eletivos paralisados e houve queda nos índices de intervenções de cunho emergencista, tanto devido o medo do indivíduo procurar um serviço de saúde e ser contaminado pelo coronavírus, quanto por outros fatores. Essa revisão teve como objetivo averiguar como a pandemia acometeu serviços de cirurgia geral de emergência, bem como elucidar os preditores e fatores que ocasionaram mudanças no manejo e intervenções cirúrgicas durante o surto de SARS-CoV-2

Regional differences in clinical care among patients with type 1 diabetes in Brazil: Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group

Background\ud To determine the characteristics of clinical care offered to type 1 diabetic patients across the four distinct regions of Brazil, with geographic and contrasting socioeconomic differences. Glycemic control, prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors, screening for chronic complications and the frequency that the recommended treatment goals were met using the American Diabetes Association guidelines were evaluated.\ud \ud Methods\ud This was a cross-sectional, multicenter study conducted from December 2008 to December 2010 in 28 secondary and tertiary care public clinics in 20 Brazilian cities in north/northeast, mid-west, southeast and south regions. The data were obtained from 3,591 patients (56.0% females and 57.1% Caucasians) aged 21.2 ± 11.7 years with a disease duration of 9.6 ± 8.1 years (<1 to 50 years).\ud \ud Results\ud Overall, 18.4% patients had HbA1c levels <7.0%, and 47.5% patients had HbA1c levels ≥ 9%. HbA1c levels were associated with lower economic status, female gender, age and the daily frequency of self-blood glucose monitoring (SBGM) but not with insulin regimen and geographic region. Hypertension was more frequent in the mid-west (32%) and north/northeast (25%) than in the southeast (19%) and south (17%) regions (p<0.001). More patients from the southeast region achieved LDL cholesterol goals and were treated with statins (p<0.001). Fewer patients from the north/northeast and mid-west regions were screened for retinopathy and nephropathy, compared with patients from the south and southeast. Patients from the south/southeast regions had more intensive insulin regimens than patients from the north/northeast and mid-west regions (p<0.001). The most common insulin therapy combination was intermediate-acting with regular human insulin, mainly in the north/northeast region (p<0.001). The combination of insulin glargine with lispro and glulisine was more frequently used in the mid-west region (p<0.001). Patients from the north/northeast region were younger, non-Caucasian, from lower economic status, used less continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion, performed less SBGM and were less overweight/obese (p<0.001).\ud \ud Conclusions\ud A majority of patients, mainly in the north/northeast and mid-west regions, did not meet metabolic control goals and were not screened for diabetes-related chronic complications. These results should guide governmental health policy decisions, specific to each geographic region, to improve diabetes care and decrease the negative impact diabetes has on the public health system.We thank Mrs. Karianne Aroeira Davidson, Mrs. Anna Maria Ferreira, Mrs. Elisangela Santos and Sandro Sperandei for their technical assistance.This work was supported by grants from Farmanguinhos/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/National Health Ministry, the Brazilian Diabetes Society, Fundação do Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Brasil

Diversity and ethics in trauma and acute care surgery teams: results from an international survey

Background Investigating the context of trauma and acute care surgery, the article aims at understanding the factors that can enhance some ethical aspects, namely the importance of patient consent, the perceptiveness of the ethical role of the trauma leader, and the perceived importance of ethics as an educational subject. Methods The article employs an international questionnaire promoted by the World Society of Emergency Surgery. Results Through the analysis of 402 fully filled questionnaires by surgeons from 72 different countries, the three main ethical topics are investigated through the lens of gender, membership of an academic or non-academic institution, an official trauma team, and a diverse group. In general terms, results highlight greater attention paid by surgeons belonging to academic institutions, official trauma teams, and diverse groups. Conclusions Our results underline that some organizational factors (e.g., the fact that the team belongs to a university context or is more diverse) might lead to the development of a higher sensibility on ethical matters. Embracing cultural diversity forces trauma teams to deal with different mindsets. Organizations should, therefore, consider those elements in defining their organizational procedures. Level of evidence Trauma and acute care teams work under tremendous pressure and complex circumstances, with their members needing to make ethical decisions quickly. The international survey allowed to shed light on how team assembly decisions might represent an opportunity to coordinate team member actions and increase performance

Penilaian Kinerja Keuangan Koperasi di Kabupaten Pelalawan

This paper describe development and financial performance of cooperative in District Pelalawan among 2007 - 2008. Studies on primary and secondary cooperative in 12 sub-districts. Method in this stady use performance measuring of productivity, efficiency, growth, liquidity, and solvability of cooperative. Productivity of cooperative in Pelalawan was highly but efficiency still low. Profit and income were highly, even liquidity of cooperative very high, and solvability was good

Search for stop and higgsino production using diphoton Higgs boson decays

Results are presented of a search for a "natural" supersymmetry scenario with gauge mediated symmetry breaking. It is assumed that only the supersymmetric partners of the top-quark (stop) and the Higgs boson (higgsino) are accessible. Events are examined in which there are two photons forming a Higgs boson candidate, and at least two b-quark jets. In 19.7 inverse femtobarns of proton-proton collision data at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV, recorded in the CMS experiment, no evidence of a signal is found and lower limits at the 95% confidence level are set, excluding the stop mass below 360 to 410 GeV, depending on the higgsino mass

Juxtaposing BTE and ATE – on the role of the European insurance industry in funding civil litigation

One of the ways in which legal services are financed, and indeed shaped, is through private insurance arrangement. Two contrasting types of legal expenses insurance contracts (LEI) seem to dominate in Europe: before the event (BTE) and after the event (ATE) legal expenses insurance. Notwithstanding institutional differences between different legal systems, BTE and ATE insurance arrangements may be instrumental if government policy is geared towards strengthening a market-oriented system of financing access to justice for individuals and business. At the same time, emphasizing the role of a private industry as a keeper of the gates to justice raises issues of accountability and transparency, not readily reconcilable with demands of competition. Moreover, multiple actors (clients, lawyers, courts, insurers) are involved, causing behavioural dynamics which are not easily predicted or influenced. Against this background, this paper looks into BTE and ATE arrangements by analysing the particularities of BTE and ATE arrangements currently available in some European jurisdictions and by painting a picture of their respective markets and legal contexts. This allows for some reflection on the performance of BTE and ATE providers as both financiers and keepers. Two issues emerge from the analysis that are worthy of some further reflection. Firstly, there is the problematic long-term sustainability of some ATE products. Secondly, the challenges faced by policymakers that would like to nudge consumers into voluntarily taking out BTE LEI