Tardigrades as potential bioindicators in biological wastewater treatment plants

The aim of this study was the evaluation of the relationship between the presence of tardigrades and various levels of sewage pollution in different tanks of a wastewater treatment plant. The study was carried out in the wastewater treatment plant located near Poznań (Poland) during one research season. The study was conducted in a system consisting of three bioreactor tanks and a secondary clarifier tank, sampled at regular time periods. The presence of one tardigrade species, Thulinius ruffoi, was recorded in the samples. The tardigrades occurred in highest abundance in the tanks containing wastewater with a higher nutrient load. Thulinius ruffoi was mainly present in well-oxygenated activated sludge and its abundance was subject to seasonal fluctuations; however, its preference for more polluted tanks seems to be consistent across the year. Although more detailed experimental study is needed to support the observations, our data indicate that T. ruffoi has a high potential to be used as a bioindicator of nutrient load changes

Nursing care for a patient diagnosed with eating disorders in the form of anorexia

Introduction: Nowadays, the problem of eating disorders is becoming more and more common in the society. It affects not only the youth but also adults. The canons of beauty presented by tabloids or advertisements become a benchmark of value for many people who, in pursuit of a perfect figure, are willing to make many sacrifices even at the expense of their own health and life. It is estimated that about 8 – 9% of the population is affected by eating disorders in the form of anorexia or bulimia. Mortality constitutes about 20% of diagnosed cases. A timely diagnosed disorder can be treated mainly with the help of appropriate therapeutic techniques, which allows symptoms to resolve in a significant number of patients. Aim: The aim of the study is to present the tasks of a nurse in care for a patient with diagnosed eating disorders in the form of anorexia. Methods and materials: The study was based on the individual case study method. The adopted research techniques were as follows: the interview, nursing observation, measurements and the analysis of the patient’s medical record documentation. The following research tools were used for the study: the Individual Nursing Care Card, the NRS for pain assessment, the MNA for nutrition status and the Beck Depression Inventory. Findings: During the research process, eight nursing diagnoses based on the patient's health issues were made. Conclusions: Nursing problems in the care of a patient diagnosed with eating disorders in the form of anorexia arise from the disease and the accompanying complications

The tasks of a nurse in care for a patient after breast augmentation surgery by the implant placement method

Introduction. Breast augmentation is an increasingly frequent surgical intervention performed in women. This medical procedure is performed in the operating theatre or treatment room under general anesthesia. The doctor makes an incision, creates a pocket in the breast tissue and places an implant. The cut is closed with surgical sutures. A breast augmentation procedure, like any surgical procedure, is associated with the risk of complications. A nurse as a member of a therapeutic team is obliged to provide the highest quality care, prevent complications and perform therapeutic, rehabilitative, educational, preventive and health promotion functions. Aim. The aim of the study is to determine the tasks of a nurse in caring for a patient after a breast augmentation procedure by the implant placement method. Methods and materials. The study was based on the case study method, the research techniques included an interview, nursing observation, measurement and a documentation analysis. The research tools used for the study included the Individual Nursing Care Card, the Visual Analogue Scale - VAS, risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting – the Apfel score. Findings. Nine nursing diagnoses based on the patient's health issues were made during the research process. Conclusions. The nursing problems of the patient after the breast augmentation procedure by the implant placement method result from the procedure itself and hospitalization

Nursing care of a patient diagnosed with cholecystolithiasis, treated by laparoscopic surgery

Introduction. Cholecystolithiasis is one of the most common abdominal disorders. Asymptomatic cholecystolithiasis treatment is not undertaken, when clinical symptoms of the disease occur, it is usually treated by laparoscopic or classical cholecystectomy. Currently, a laparoscopic method is recognized as the most beneficial and safest method for removing bile deposits. Aim. The aim of the study is to show the nursing problems of a patient diagnosed with cholecystolithiasis, treated by laparoscopic surgery. Methods and materials. The study was based on the individual case study method, using research techniques such as observation, nursing interview, documentation analysis and measurement. The research tools used for the study are the Individual Nursing Care Card, the Visual Analogue Scale - VAS and the Apfel Score to assess the risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Findings and conclusions: During the research process, 7 nursing diagnoses were made regarding health problems of the hospitalization period of a patient diagnosed with cholecystolithiasis, treated by a laparoscopic method. The patient after a surgery involving the removal of the gallbladder suffers from pain caused by tissue disruption, nausea, dizziness and anxiety manifested mainly in the evening, making it difficult for the patient to sleep soundly

Tasks of a nurse in the care of a patient with urolithiasis treated with percutaneous nephrolithotripsy

Introduction. Contemporarily urolithiasis is a serious problem in nephrology. This disease is conditioned by many factors, including climatic, geographical, ethnic and genetic. The most important ones, however, include diet and the composition of urine excreted. Urolithiasis can be symptomatic and asymptomatic. There are many methods of its treatment. The most commonly used methods are pharmacological and surgical ones, and modern treatment methods are also on their increase. Untreated urolithiasis can lead to many complications. Aim. The aim of the study was to determine the tasks of a nurse in the care of a patient with urolithiasis treated with percutaneous nephrolithotripsy. Methods and materials. The individual case method was used in the study, using the following research techniques: nursing interview, observation, measurement and documentation analysis. The research tools used for the study include the Individual Nursing Care Card, the Visual Analogue Scale - VAS, risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting- the Apfel score. Findings. Nine nursing diagnoses based on the patient's health issues were made during the study process. Conclusions. The nursing problems concerning the patient result from surgery and hospitalization

Azimuthal anisotropy of charged jet production in root s(NN)=2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions

We present measurements of the azimuthal dependence of charged jet production in central and semi-central root s(NN) = 2.76 TeV Pb-Pb collisions with respect to the second harmonic event plane, quantified as nu(ch)(2) (jet). Jet finding is performed employing the anti-k(T) algorithm with a resolution parameter R = 0.2 using charged tracks from the ALICE tracking system. The contribution of the azimuthal anisotropy of the underlying event is taken into account event-by-event. The remaining (statistical) region-to-region fluctuations are removed on an ensemble basis by unfolding the jet spectra for different event plane orientations independently. Significant non-zero nu(ch)(2) (jet) is observed in semi-central collisions (30-50% centrality) for 20 <p(T)(ch) (jet) <90 GeV/c. The azimuthal dependence of the charged jet production is similar to the dependence observed for jets comprising both charged and neutral fragments, and compatible with measurements of the nu(2) of single charged particles at high p(T). Good agreement between the data and predictions from JEWEL, an event generator simulating parton shower evolution in the presence of a dense QCD medium, is found in semi-central collisions. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe

Production of He-4 and (4) in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S=2.76 TeV at the LHC

Results on the production of He-4 and (4) nuclei in Pb-Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-S = 2.76 TeV in the rapidity range vertical bar y vertical bar <1, using the ALICE detector, are presented in this paper. The rapidity densities corresponding to 0-10% central events are found to be dN/dy4(He) = (0.8 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.3 (syst)) x 10(-6) and dN/dy4 = (1.1 +/- 0.4 (stat) +/- 0.2 (syst)) x 10(-6), respectively. This is in agreement with the statistical thermal model expectation assuming the same chemical freeze-out temperature (T-chem = 156 MeV) as for light hadrons. The measured ratio of (4)/He-4 is 1.4 +/- 0.8 (stat) +/- 0.5 (syst). (C) 2018 Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Pseudorapidity and transverse-momentum distributions of charged particles in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

The pseudorapidity (eta) and transverse-momentum (p(T)) distributions of charged particles produced in proton-proton collisions are measured at the centre-of-mass energy root s = 13 TeV. The pseudorapidity distribution in vertical bar eta vertical bar <1.8 is reported for inelastic events and for events with at least one charged particle in vertical bar eta vertical bar <1. The pseudorapidity density of charged particles produced in the pseudorapidity region vertical bar eta vertical bar <0.5 is 5.31 +/- 0.18 and 6.46 +/- 0.19 for the two event classes, respectively. The transverse-momentum distribution of charged particles is measured in the range 0.15 <p(T) <20 GeV/c and vertical bar eta vertical bar <0.8 for events with at least one charged particle in vertical bar eta vertical bar <1. The evolution of the transverse momentum spectra of charged particles is also investigated as a function of event multiplicity. The results are compared with calculations from PYTHIA and EPOS Monte Carlo generators. (C) 2015 CERN for the benefit of the ALICE Collaboration. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).Peer reviewe

Centrality evolution of the charged-particle pseudorapidity density over a broad pseudorapidity range in Pb-Pb collisions at root s(NN)=2.76TeV

Peer reviewe