Cutting height of 15 or 50 cm applied to two corn hybrids and effects on yield and quality of the silage and of the lower stalk left by the high cutting

This trial evaluated the effect of cutting heights of 15 or 50 cm of two corn hybrids (Pioneer 37P73 and Dekalb 615), on dry matter (DM) yield and the nutritional quality of silages and lower stalks left by the higher cutting. The two hybrids were sown in small plots in a completely randomized design with three replications. At the half milk line stage of maturity, 20 plants per plot were manually cut at 15-cm height, in 10 plants of which the portion of stalk below 35 cm was separated to simulate the lower stalk that would be left in the field by the 50-cm height cut. Six plants per plot (including lower stalks from the high cutting) were used to determine dry weight and morphological components (leaf, stalk, husk, and grain). The remaining plants of each plot were ensiled in plastic containers of 5 L capacity. For the in situ study, samples of the silages and lower stalks were incubated for 0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 48, and 72 h in two 350 kg steers. Plants of the Pioneer hybrid were 24% heavier and had a higher proportion of grain than those of Dekalb, although the latter had a higher proportion of leaves. The 50-cm cutting resulted in a 15% reduction in yield, but a concomitant increase of similar magnitude in the proportion of grain, with no difference between the two hybrids. Silage resulting from the 50-cm cutting was higher in contents of DM (39.7 vs. 33.6%) and starch (35.8 vs. 29.6%) and lower in content of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (35.8 vs. 39.0%). Neither cutting height nor hybrid affected the kinetics of in vitro gas production, but the higher cut improved the in situ degradation rate (4.65 vs. 3.08%/h) and the effective degradability (56.1 vs. 51.0%, at kp = 5%/h: DE-5). The hybrids did not differ in lower stalk weight, leaf/stem proportion or nutritive quality (NDF = 63.9%; DE-5 = 41.1%), the latter values being lower than those of the 15-cm cut silage. It is concluded that the hybrids had little effect on the variables under study, and although the 50-cm cut occasioned a yield loss, this was offset by improved silage quality and the additional biomass of the lower stalk, which could be an extra benefit in periods of forage shortage

Relevamiento de arañas en la Unidad de Internación de personas privadas de libertad número 6 "Punta de Rieles": una experiencias educativa

La experiencia educativa y de investigación se realizóen contexto de encierro con seis personas privadas delibertad y un monitor en territorio. Se relevaron arañas entres sitios de la Unidad penitenciaria: alojamiento deprivados de libertad, campo en abandono y huertaorgánica. Se manejó la hipótesis de que la diversidad severía influenciada por disturbios ambientales producidospor humanos. Los participantes fueron formados en losconceptos básicos del método científico, aplicado alestudio de la diversidad y composición de la araneofaunalocal. Se realizaron muestreos estacionales durante unaño, se recolectó y acondicionó el material. Seidentificaron 682 arañas pertenecientes a 18 familias. Seencontró mayor riqueza en campo en abandono y menoren vivienda, por tanto, se corroboró la hipótesis. Enverano se encontró la mayor abundancia de arañas. Lasfamilias más representadas fueron Lycosidae yLinyphiidae. El número de familias por estación fue similar,aunque varió en su composición. Se encontró actividadreproductiva en seis familias, la mayoría en primavera yverano. Este trabajo permitió un rico intercambio y fue undesafío educativo, debido a las restricciones deinfraestructura y materiales permitidos en la unidadpenitenciaria. Se generó el trabajo en un clima de respetoy responsabilidad

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth

In the adult, the human intestine houses myriads of microorganisms, quantitatively up to 100 trillion and qualitatively over 500 species of bacteria, exceeding the number of host somatic cells by at least one order of magnitude. Actually, it remains a mystery as to how the intestine is able to contain such large quantities of bacteria without evident harm to the host. However, it is well known that a very complex symbiotic relationship between the intestinal microflora and the host insures mutual advantages for both partners. Despite the recent advances in immunology and microbiology, the possibility of studying human intestinal microflora is limited by great inter-individual variability and difficulties in creating standard conditions to uniform the samples. However, there are clinical conditions which are useful to explain the role of intestinal bacteria in the human gut. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is a good example, because this is a microbial alteration of intestinal microflora, in absence of pathogenic bacteria and severe dysregulation of the immune system. On the other hand, the pathogenesis and clinical aspects of SIBO could clarify the complex and bi-directional relationship between the microbiota and the host

Residual cardiovascular risk, use of standard care treatments, and achievement of treatment goals in patients with cardiovascular disease

Background: Residual risk management in patients with previous cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a relevant issue. Objectives: 1) to assess the residual risk of patients with CVD using the new scores developed to predict recurrent CVD events (SMART score/SMART-REACH model); 2) to determine the use of therapies with cardiovascular benefit and the achievement of therapeutic goals in patients with very high residual risk. Methods: A multicenter, descriptive, cross-sectional study was performed. Individuals over 18 years of age with CVD were included consecutively. The 10-year risk of recurrent events was estimated using the SMART score and the SMART-REACH model. A value ≥ 30% was considered “very high risk”. Results: In total, 296 patients (mean age 68.2 ± 9.4 years, 75.7% men) were included. Globally, 32.43% and 64.53% of the population was classified as very high risk by the SMART score and the SMART-REACH model, respectively. Among patients classified as very high risk by the SMART score, 45.7% and 33.3% were treated with high-intensity statins and reached the goal of LDL-C <55 mg/dL, respectively. The results were similar when evaluating very high patients according to the SMART-REACH model (high-intensity statins: 59.7%; LDL-C <55 mg/dL: 43.9%). Few very high-risk patients with diabetes were receiving glucose-lowering drugs with demonstrated cardiovascular benefit. Conclusion: In this secondary prevention population, the residual risk was considerable. Underutilization of standard care treatments and failure to achieve therapeutic goals were evident even in subjects with very high residual risk

Letras, 1982, nº 5 (número completo)

Contenido: El teatro de Jean Giraudoux (En su centenario) / Arturo Berenguer Carisomo – Augusto Raúl Cortazar; ecotipo del humanista de nuestro tiempo / Olga Fernández Latour de Botas – Sentido de la palabra en distintas civilizaciones y épocas / Lidia Beatriz Ciapparelli – Rasgos picarescos en los comienzos de la narrativa hispanoamericana / María Teresa Corvatta – La pedagogía de la personalidad en la obra de Ramón Llull / Juan Cuatrecasas – Entrevista imaginaria a Eugenio Montale / María Elena Chiapasco – “Sobre el oficio de escribir” de Luis Rosales / Teresa Iris Giovacchini – Aproximaciones a Benito Lynch y su obra / María Luisa Montero – Góngora o la realidad transpuesta / Juan Tobías Nápoli – Renovado interés erudito en nuestro Cantar de Mio Cid / Boris Osés – Los latines del Almirante / Gerardo H. Pagés – Lázaro: la metáfora del nombre / Alicia Parodi – Turbación en el amante a través de “La Celestina” / Iván Marco Pelicaric – Un retablo poético en la lírica contemporánea / Lía Noemí Uriarte Rebaudi – Reseñas bibliográfica