El fenómeno del dopaje desde la perspectiva de las Ciencias Sociales Odile

En este libro se recoge una selección de las comunicaciones presentadas en el IV Congreso Internacional ‘Deporte, Dopaje y Sociedad’ que se celebró en Madrid del 26 de febrero al 1 de marzo de 2014 y que fue organizado conjuntamente por la Universidad Politécnica de Madrid y la Agencia Española de Protección de la Salud en el Deporte. Los textos están escritos en español, francés e inglés y abordan el estudio del fenómeno del dopaje desde el ámbito especifico de las Ciencias Humanas y Sociales a través de disciplinas como Historia, Derecho, Sociología, Psicología, Economía, Ciencias de la Información y otras disciplinas relacionadas

The Ninth Data Release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: First Spectroscopic Data from the SDSS-III Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey

The Sloan Digital Sky Survey III (SDSS-III) presents the first spectroscopic data from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS). This ninth data release (DR9) of the SDSS project includes 535,995 new galaxy spectra (median z=0.52), 102,100 new quasar spectra (median z=2.32), and 90,897 new stellar spectra, along with the data presented in previous data releases. These spectra were obtained with the new BOSS spectrograph and were taken between 2009 December and 2011 July. In addition, the stellar parameters pipeline, which determines radial velocities, surface temperatures, surface gravities, and metallicities of stars, has been updated and refined with improvements in temperature estimates for stars with T_eff<5000 K and in metallicity estimates for stars with [Fe/H]>-0.5. DR9 includes new stellar parameters for all stars presented in DR8, including stars from SDSS-I and II, as well as those observed as part of the SDSS-III Sloan Extension for Galactic Understanding and Exploration-2 (SEGUE-2). The astrometry error introduced in the DR8 imaging catalogs has been corrected in the DR9 data products. The next data release for SDSS-III will be in Summer 2013, which will present the first data from the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) along with another year of data from BOSS, followed by the final SDSS-III data release in December 2014.Comment: 9 figures; 2 tables. Submitted to ApJS. DR9 is available at http://www.sdss3.org/dr

The Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey of SDSS-III

The Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) is designed to measure the scale of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) in the clustering of matter over a larger volume than the combined efforts of all previous spectroscopic surveys of large scale structure. BOSS uses 1.5 million luminous galaxies as faint as i=19.9 over 10,000 square degrees to measure BAO to redshifts z<0.7. Observations of neutral hydrogen in the Lyman alpha forest in more than 150,000 quasar spectra (g<22) will constrain BAO over the redshift range 2.15<z<3.5. Early results from BOSS include the first detection of the large-scale three-dimensional clustering of the Lyman alpha forest and a strong detection from the Data Release 9 data set of the BAO in the clustering of massive galaxies at an effective redshift z = 0.57. We project that BOSS will yield measurements of the angular diameter distance D_A to an accuracy of 1.0% at redshifts z=0.3 and z=0.57 and measurements of H(z) to 1.8% and 1.7% at the same redshifts. Forecasts for Lyman alpha forest constraints predict a measurement of an overall dilation factor that scales the highly degenerate D_A(z) and H^{-1}(z) parameters to an accuracy of 1.9% at z~2.5 when the survey is complete. Here, we provide an overview of the selection of spectroscopic targets, planning of observations, and analysis of data and data quality of BOSS.Comment: 49 pages, 16 figures, accepted by A

The Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey of SDSS-III

The Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) is designed to measure the scale of baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) in the clustering of matter over a larger volume than the combined efforts of all previous spectroscopic surveys of large-scale structure. BOSS uses 1.5 million luminous galaxies as faint as i = 19.9 over 10,000 deg(2) to measure BAO to redshifts z < 0.7. Observations of neutral hydrogen in the Ly alpha forest in more than 150,000 quasar spectra (g < 22) will constrain BAO over the redshift range 2.15 < z < 3.5. Early results from BOSS include the first detection of the large-scale three-dimensional clustering of the Ly alpha forest and a strong detection from the Data Release 9 data set of the BAO in the clustering of massive galaxies at an effective redshift z = 0.57. We project that BOSS will yield measurements of the angular diameter distance d(A) to an accuracy of 1.0% at redshifts z = 0.3 and z = 0.57 and measurements of H(z) to 1.8% and 1.7% at the same redshifts. Forecasts for Ly alpha forest constraints predict a measurement of an overall dilation factor that scales the highly degenerate D-A(z) and H-1(z) parameters to an accuracy of 1.9% at z similar to 2.5 when the survey is complete. Here, we provide an overview of the selection of spectroscopic targets, planning of observations, and analysis of data and data quality of BOSS

Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV: Mapping the Milky Way, Nearby Galaxies, and the Distant Universe

We describe the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV), a project encompassing three major spectroscopic programs. The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment 2 (APOGEE-2) is observing hundreds of thousands of Milky Way stars at high resolution and high signal-to-noise ratios in the near-infrared. The Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) survey is obtaining spatially resolved spectroscopy for thousands of nearby galaxies (median $z\sim 0.03$). The extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) is mapping the galaxy, quasar, and neutral gas distributions between $z\sim 0.6$ and 3.5 to constrain cosmology using baryon acoustic oscillations, redshift space distortions, and the shape of the power spectrum. Within eBOSS, we are conducting two major subprograms: the SPectroscopic IDentification of eROSITA Sources (SPIDERS), investigating X-ray AGNs and galaxies in X-ray clusters, and the Time Domain Spectroscopic Survey (TDSS), obtaining spectra of variable sources. All programs use the 2.5 m Sloan Foundation Telescope at the Apache Point Observatory; observations there began in Summer 2014. APOGEE-2 also operates a second near-infrared spectrograph at the 2.5 m du Pont Telescope at Las Campanas Observatory, with observations beginning in early 2017. Observations at both facilities are scheduled to continue through 2020. In keeping with previous SDSS policy, SDSS-IV provides regularly scheduled public data releases; the first one, Data Release 13, was made available in 2016 July

The Eleventh and Twelfth Data Releases of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey: Final Data from SDSS-III

The third generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-III) took data from 2008 to 2014 using the original SDSS wide-field imager, the original and an upgraded multi-object fiber-fed optical spectrograph, a new near-infrared high-resolution spectrograph, and a novel optical interferometer. All of the data from SDSS-III are now made public. In particular, this paper describes Data Release 11 (DR11) including all data acquired through 2013 July, and Data Release 12 (DR12) adding data acquired through 2014 July (including all data included in previous data releases), marking the end of SDSS-III observing. Relative to our previous public release (DR10), DR12 adds one million new spectra of galaxies and quasars from the Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (BOSS) over an additional 3000 deg2 of sky, more than triples the number of H-band spectra of stars as part of the Apache Point Observatory (APO) Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE), and includes repeated accurate radial velocity measurements of 5500 stars from the Multi-object APO Radial Velocity Exoplanet Large-area Survey (MARVELS). The APOGEE outputs now include the measured abundances of 15 different elements for each star. In total, SDSS-III added 5200 deg2 of ugriz imaging; 155,520 spectra of 138,099 stars as part of the Sloan Exploration of Galactic Understanding and Evolution 2 (SEGUE-2) survey; 2,497,484 BOSS spectra of 1,372,737 galaxies, 294,512 quasars, and 247,216 stars over 9376 deg2; 618,080 APOGEE spectra of 156,593 stars; and 197,040 MARVELS spectra of 5513 stars. Since its first light in 1998, SDSS has imaged over 1/3 of the Celestial sphere in five bands and obtained over five million astronomical spectra. \ua9 2015. The American Astronomical Society

The virtual education of antidoping as a strategy to develop the culture of fair play in the Mexican sport : A gender study

El propósito del estudio fue analizar el nivel de conocimiento y dominio sobre el doping que tienen las deportistas élite en México, para emprender acciones que permitan educar a los deportistas y su equipo de entrenamiento en el juego limpio, a través de acciones psicopedagógicas que faciliten un aprendizaje significativo, evitando que las deportistas usen de manera voluntaria o involuntaria sustancias y métodos prohibidos. Las pregunta principal que orientó la investigación fue la siguiente: ¿Qué nivel de conocimiento y dominio sobre el doping tienen las deportistas élite en México?. Para la investigación de campo, se elaboró un cuestionario de 22 preguntas para explorar el nivel de conocimiento y dominio que tenían los deportistas considerados élite por pertenecer a la selección estatal o nacional de los deportes de gimnasia olímpica, tiro con arco y hockey sobre pasto. Las respuestas encontradas demuestran que en algunos aspectos existe desconocimiento en materia de dopaje, y se devela la necesidad de profundizar en el programa de educación antidoping. Se manifiesta que la ignorancia que existe en diferentes aspectos, pone en riesgo a los deportistas en el uso inconsciente de sustancias y métodos prohibidos en el deporteThe purpose of this study is to analyze the level of knowledge and awareness on doping among elite female athletes in Mexico in order to educate women athletes and training teams on fair play, through psychopedagogical actions that facilitate meaningful learning, preventing athletes from voluntarily or involuntarily using prohibited methods or substances. The main question that guided the research was: What level of knowledge and awareness on doping do elite female athletes have in Mexico? For the field research, we designed a questionnaire with 22 questions to explore the level of knowledge and awareness that elite athletes belonging to the State or National team sports of gymnastics, archery, and field hockey have. The answers show that not much is known about some aspects of doping, and this reveals the need for further education on antidoping programs. It is stated that this ignorance on the matter is a threat to athletes who may unconsciously use prohibited substances and methods in spor

La educación virtual antidoping como estrategia para desarrollar la cultura del juego limpio en el deporte mexicano: un estudio de género

The purpose of this study is to analyze the level of knowledge and awareness on doping among elite female athletes in Mexico in order to educate women athletes and training teams on fair play, through psychopedagogical actions that facilitate meaningful learning, preventing athletes from voluntarily or involuntarily using prohibited methods or substances. The main question that guided the research was: What level of knowledge and awareness on doping do elite female athletes have in Mexico? For the field research, we designed a questionnaire with 22 questions to explore the level of knowledge and awareness that elite athletes belonging to the State or National team sports of gymnastics, archery, and field hockey have. The answers show that not much is known about some aspects of doping, and this reveals the need for further education on antidoping programs. It is stated that this ignorance on the matter is a threat to athletes who may unconsciously use prohibited substances and methods in sport.El propósito del estudio fue analizar el nivel de conocimiento y dominio sobre el doping que tienen las deportistas élite en México, para emprender acciones que permitan educar a los deportistas y su equipo de entrenamiento en el juego limpio, a través de acciones psicopedagógicas que faciliten un aprendizaje significativo, evitando que las deportistas usen de manera voluntaria o involuntaria sustancias y métodos prohibidos. Las pregunta principal que orientó la investigación fue la siguiente: ¿Qué nivel de conocimiento y dominio sobre el doping tienen las deportistas élite en México?. Para la investigación de campo, se elaboró un cuestionario de 22 preguntas para explorar el nivel de conocimiento y dominio que tení­an los deportistas considerados élite por pertenecer a la selección estatal o nacional de los deportes de gimnasia olí­mpica, tiro con arco y hockey sobre pasto. Las respuestas encontradas demuestran que en algunos aspectos existe desconocimiento en materia de dopaje, y se devela la necesidad de profundizar en el programa de educación antidoping. Se manifiesta que la ignorancia que existe en diferentes aspectos, pone en riesgo a los deportistas en el uso inconsciente de sustancias y métodos prohibidos en el deporte

Percepción de los deportistas del clima motivacional generado por los padres de familia

El objetivo de la presente investigación es determinar cuál es la percepción de los deportistas del clima motivacional generado por los padres de familia. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 100 jugadores de béisbol de la liga unison con edades comprendidas entre los 11 y los 14 años (M=11.98, DT=.87), para la recolección de datos se utilizará el Cuestionario de Clima Motivacional Iniciado por los Padres. Se usaron los 12 ítems para examinar tres dimensiones del clima motivacional. Los resultados mostraron que con respecto al clima de preocupación generado por los padres, el padre (M = 2.59, DT = 1.06) desempeña un papel más dominante que la madre (M = 2.30, DT = .86), sin encontrar diferencia entre los padres, en el clima generado de obtención de éxito sin esfuerzo ni en el aprendizaje/disfrute. Se puede concluir que los padres de familia desempeñan un papel muy importante al momento de apoyar a sus hijos en el deporte, en este caso, en el béisbol, siendo el padre el que genera un clima que induce a la preocupación en los deportistas