Evaluación del proceso de coagulación de los ácidos húmicos (AHs) en presencia de Fe³⁺

En esta investigación se realizó la extracción de un ácidos húmico (AHs) de un suelo de Atotonilco (estado de Hidalgo), empleando Na₂P₂O₇.10H₂O e NaOH como agentes extractantes. El análisis fisicoquímico del ácido húmico extraído (AH-A), utilizando diferentes métodos y técnicas analíticas mostro que sus características alifáticas y poliácidas fueron similares comparadas con el ácido húmico comercial (AH-CH). Con respecto a su capacidad de coagulación con iones de Fe³⁺, evaluada por medio de lecturas de potencial zeta se evidenció que existe una rápida interacción de los AHs con este metal. Incrementa su coagulación al aumentar la concentración del metal y a un pH mayor de 4, debido a la desprotonación de los grupos carboxílicos (-COOH) principalmente, que bajo estas condiciones pueden coordinarse, reduciendo la carga neta negativa y permitiendo así que tales complejos se aproximen entre sí e interactúen a través de puentes de hidrógeno. Con estos resultados se pudo demostrar la afinidad de los AHs con Fe³⁺ y su importancia en el transporte de nutrientes en sistemas ambientales.In this research the extraction of a humic acid (HAs) from a soil of Atotonilco (Hidalgo state) were performed using Na₂P₂O₇.10H,O and NaOH as extracting agents. Physicochemical analysis of extracted humic acid (HA-A), were obtained using differents analytical methods and techniques showed that their polyacidic and aliphatic characteristics was similar compared with the commercial humic acid (HA-CH). In regard to its ability to coagulation with Fe³⁺ions, evaluated through zeta potential values, it was shown that there is a rapid interaction of the HAs with this metal. Coagulation increases at higher metal concentration and an pH higher than 4, because of the greater deprotonation of carboxylic groups (-COOH) principally, that can coordinate under these conditions, reducing the net negative charge and enabling such complexes approach one another and interact through hydrogen bonding. It could be demonstrated the affinity of AHs with Fe³⁺ and their importance in nutrient transport in environmental systems

Ibérico (Iberian) Pig

The main characteristics of the Iberian breed, an autochthonous pig breed of the Iberian Peninsula, are presented in this chapter along with the results of a literature review on productive traits. Reproductive performance was estimated by sow age at first parturition, litters per sow and year, piglets alive per litter, piglet weight at birth and at weaning, percentage of stillborn per litter, mortality at weaning, lactation length and farrowing interval. For growth performance, average daily gain and daily feed intake during lactation and in different growing phases are provided. Carcass traits were evaluated by age and weight at slaughter, hot carcass weight, carcass yield, backfat thickness measurements, muscle thickness and loin eye area. Meat quality traits of longissimus muscle (pH, objective colour measurements and intramuscular fat) were also assessed. The main part of the studies considered simulated practical production conditions in Iberian pig rearing although others evaluated a defined growing period, sometimes quite far from the usual commercial slaughter weight of this breed. Therefore, some figures should be interpreted with caution. Although a considerable number of studies on Iberian pig were included in the current review, scientific papers on reproductive performance and some meat quality parameters are still rather scarce

CRÓNICAS DE LA UNIVERSIDAD AUTÓNOMA DEL ESTADO DE MÉXICO

La Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México una institución múltiple, constituida por áreas diferentes, orientadas, cada una de ellas, al cumplimiento de labores específicas, de acuerdo con la estructura jurídica que le señalan su propia ley y los diferentes reglamentos derivados de la misma. En consecuencia, la urdimbre funcional de sus actividades diversas puede ser expresada, de una manera sencilla, mediante el siguiente esquema: - Área educativo-académica. - Área de investigaciones genéricas. - Área de comunicación y difusión cultura. - Área administrativa. - Área de proyección universitaria hacia la sociedad

Local pig breeds: Nutritional requirements, innovative practices and local feeding resources as challenges in project TREASURE

TREASURE is a research and innovation project of European Union’s Horizon 2020 programme which is devoted to traditional genetic resources in pig production with aim to improve their potentials for enhanced use. Studying and improving management of local pig breeds in their production systems is one of the challenges in which we address their performances and nutrition with special attention on locally available feeding resources and innovative practices aiming to improved welfare. For that purpose 15 experiments on 12 breeds were designed in the project, which are hereafter shortly presented. Their concepts and main objectives with some highlights on already available results are described. © 2017, University of Zagreb. All rights reserved

Local Pig Breeds: Nutritional Requirements, Innovative Practices and Local Feeding Resources as Challenges in Project TREASURE

TREASURE is a research and innovation project of European Union’s Horizon 2020 programme which is devoted to traditional genetic resources in pig production with aim to improve their potentials for enhanced use. Studying and improving management of local pig breeds in their production systems is one of the challenges in which we address their performances and nutrition with special attention on locally available feeding resources and innovative practices aiming to improved welfare. For that purpose 15 experiments on 12 breeds were designed in the project, which are hereafter shortly presented. Their concepts and main objectives with some highlights on already available results are described

Social Network–Based Recruitment Successfully Reveals HIV-1 Transmission Networks Among High-Risk Individuals in El Salvador

HIV in Central America is concentrated among certain groups such as men who have sex with men (MSM) and female sex workers (FSW). We compared social recruitment chains and HIV transmission clusters from 699 MSM and 757 FSW to better understand factors contributing to ongoing HIV transmission in El Salvador

A review of application of multi-criteria decision making methods in construction

Construction is an area of study wherein making decisions adequately can mean the difference between success and failure. Moreover, most of the activities belonging to this sector involve taking into account a large number of conflicting aspects, which hinders their management as a whole. Multi-criteria decision making analysis arose to model complex problems like these. This paper reviews the application of 22 different methods belonging to this discipline in various areas of the construction industry clustered in 11 categories. The most significant methods are briefly discussed, pointing out their principal strengths and limitations. Furthermore, the data gathered while performing the paper are statistically analysed to identify different trends concerning the use of these techniques. The review shows their usefulness in characterizing very different decision making environments, highlighting the reliability acquired by the most pragmatic and widespread methods and the emergent tendency to use some of them in combination

Comparison of seven prognostic tools to identify low-risk pulmonary embolism in patients aged <50 years

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