STRATEGI KOMUNIKASI PEMASARAN ASURANSI JIWA BERSAMA BUMIPUTERA 1912 CABANG BANDA ACEH DALAM MENARIK MINAT NASABAH

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini berjudul Strategi Komunik asi Pemasaran Asuransi Jiwa Bumiputera 1912 cabang Banda Aceh dalam Menarik Minat Nasabah. Permasalahan y ang diangkat dari penelitian ini adalah pada strategi komunikasi pemasaran khususnya pada model komunikasi massa dalam menarik minat nasabah. Untuk mengetahui strategi komunikasi pemasaran yang digunakan Asuransi Jiwa Bersama Bumiputera 1912 cabang Banda aceh dalam menarik minat nasabah. Teori y ang di gunakan adalah Teori Model AIDDA, dimanadalam penggunaanny a AIDDA adalah akronim dari kata-kata Attention(perhatian), Interest (minat atau ketertarikan), Desire (hasrat), Descision(keputusan) dan Action (tindakan/kegiatan). Teori ini adalah salah satu teori yang menggambarkan proses terbentuknya suatu minat dan terjadinya tindakan sebagai efek dari hal komunikatif yang menarik. Metode penelitian menggunakan metodedeskriptif kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian deskriptif . Alat pengumpulan datapada penelitian ini berupa wawancara terstruktur dan studi dokumentasi. Subjekinforman dalam penelitian mengambil teknik purposif. Berdasarkan hasilwawancara terhadap informan diketahui bahwa strategi pemasaran perusahaan Asuransi Jiwa Bersama Bumiputera 1912 cabang Banda aceh dilakukan menggunakan system mix promotion yang terdiri dari empat komponen utama yaitu periklanan (advertising), promosi penjualan (sales promotion), penjualan tatap muka (personal selling) dan publisitas (publicity). Penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa proses dari penggunaan sistem mix promotion merupakan awal dari penentuan Model AIDDA kemudian dari hasil akhir model adalah nasabah akan mengikuti tindakan yaitu bergabung dalam asuransi tersebut atau tidak.Kata Kunci: Komunikasi Pemasaran, Asuransi Jiwa , Bumiputera 1912,cabang Banda Aceh , Teori Mo de l A ID D

A Hybrid Model of Machine Learning Model and Econometrics’ Model to Predict Volatility of KSE-100 Index

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to predict the volatility of the KSE-100 index using econometric and machine learning models. It also designs hybrid models for volatility forecasting by combining these two models in three different ways. Methodology: Estimations and forecasting are based on an econometric model GARCH (Generalized Auto Regressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity) and a machine learning model NNAR (Neural Network Auto-Regressive model). The hybrid models designed with GARCH and NNAR include GARCH-based NNAR, NNAR-based GARCH, and the linear combination of GARCH and NNAR. Findings: In a comparison of the forecasting results of the KSE-100 index over different periods, the least RMSE is found in a linear combination of NNAR and GARCH, followed by NNAR, GARCH, NNAR based GARCH, and GARCH based NNAR models. Conclusion: The study concludes that the hybrid model designed with a linear combination of GARCH and NNAR performs better among all the models in forecasting the volatility of the KSE-100 index

A Hybrid Model of Machine Learning Model and Econometrics’ Model to Predict Volatility of KSE-100 Index

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to predict the volatility of the KSE-100 index using econometric and machine learning models. It also designs hybrid models for volatility forecasting by combining these two models in three different ways. Methodology: Estimations and forecasting are based on an econometric model GARCH (Generalized Auto Regressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity) and a machine learning model NNAR (Neural Network Auto-Regressive model). The hybrid models designed with GARCH and NNAR include GARCH-based NNAR, NNAR-based GARCH, and the linear combination of GARCH and NNAR. Findings: In a comparison of the forecasting results of the KSE-100 index over different periods, the least RMSE is found in a linear combination of NNAR and GARCH, followed by NNAR, GARCH, NNAR based GARCH, and GARCH based NNAR models. Conclusion: The study concludes that the hybrid model designed with a linear combination of GARCH and NNAR performs better among all the models in forecasting the volatility of the KSE-100 index

Hubungan Iklim Dengan Kejadian Penyakit Leptospirosis Di Indonesia: Literatur Review

Leptospirosis is a direct zoonosis where transmission occurs directly, without the use of other vectors, and humans are accidental hosts that are unintentionally related to infective animals or Leptospira contaminated material. Leptospirosis is a public health problem throughout the world, especially tropical and subtropical countries that have high rainfall, and is also a major problem in temperate regions. Leptospirosis is zoonosis due to Leptospira bacteria. Leptospirosis is a whole world with a broad spectrum of animals as its host. Infection that occurs in humans that occurs, after contact with air or other materials contaminated with animal waste. The aim is to study the relationship with the incidence of leptospirosis. The method used in this article is a literature review. Library sources used in preparation of literature review use journal articles from 2015 to 2017, the process of searching through Google Scholar articles. Journal discussion results show air temperature, humidity, increase in rainfall, air pH, and flood events have an influence on leptospirosis. Relationship between events with leptospirosis. The conclusion in this journal explains that there is a relationship between complications and the incidence of leptospirosis

Role of microRNAs in non-functioning pituitary adenoma

Non-functioning pituitary adenomas account for 30% of anterior pituitary tumours. Based on their inability to secrete hormones, these are often diagnosed incidentally or due to pressure symptoms. Understanding the pathogenesis of these adenomas can provide insight into factors leading to its progression and serving as biomarkers for early recognition. A literature search was performed in the current narrative review for articles published in PubMed for the last 10 years till January 2020 on micro-ribonucleic acid involved in the pathogenesis of non-functioning pituitary adenomas. Of the 478 articles found, 21(4.4%) were filtered. In total, 106 micro-ribonucleic acids were identified, 25(23.5%) of which appeared in more than one study. Among them, 7(28%)were up-regulated, 11(44%) down-regulated, and 7(28%) were either up- or down-regulated. Micro- ribonucleic acids allow the screening, diagnosis and treatment of diseases in a relatively easy and inexpensive manner. This can revolutionise tumour management in the years ahead, especially in resource-constrained low- and middle-income countries

Investigating the practices of project governance in public sector infrastructure program in Pakistan

The governance of public sector infrastructure projects became an important area of interest in the literature on project management. Today, it is a focal point for policymakers to ensure successful appraisal and implementation of government-sponsored programs. This paper aims to investigate the current practices of project governance (PG) for steering the public sector infrastructure program in Pakistan. An empirical investigation was carried out among professionals of public sector organizations involved in different infrastructure development projects. Latent construct of PG was validated through second-order confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and quantified the three dimensions of PG, i.e., portfolio direction (PD), sponsorship, effectiveness, and efficiency (SEE), and disclosure and reporting (DR) through the relative importance index (RII) method. The result showed that DR is among the least practicing dimension having RII = 0.55, while PD and SEE have shown similar prevalence with RII = 0.70 and 0.69, respectively. Overall, the most practicing item in the PG was "the alignment of portfolios with objectives and strategy" whereas the lowest practicing item relates to the "completeness of project information distribution due to the multi-layered bureaucratic system." The findings of this study will guide the decision makers to take appropriate measures for enhancing the effectiveness of PG in Pakistan

How to punish cyber criminals: a study to investigate the target and consequence based punishments for malware attacks in UK, USA, China, Ethiopia & Pakistan

Numerous research studies have highlighted the exponential growth of malware attacks worldwide, posing a significant threat to society. Cybercriminals are becoming increasingly merciless and show no signs of pity towards individuals or organizations. It is evident that cyber criminals will stop at nothing to gain unauthorized access to confidential information. To effectively combat malware attacks, strict cyber laws are necessary, and the use of malware is punishable in many countries. However, the literature has not addressed whether these penalties create deterrence or not. This research article has addressed this gap. In this study, the effectiveness of criminal laws related to malware-related crimes in various jurisdictions was analyzed using the doctrinal research methodology. The cyber laws of the USA, UK, Ethiopia, Pakistan, and China were examined to determine whether the penalties imposed for these crimes are appropriate given the severity of the harm caused. The study concludes that malware penalties should take into account the creation or use of malicious code, targeting individuals or organizations, and the magnitude of consequences, regardless of whether mens rea is present or not

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

Burnout among surgeons before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: an international survey

Background: SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had many significant impacts within the surgical realm, and surgeons have been obligated to reconsider almost every aspect of daily clinical practice. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study reported in compliance with the CHERRIES guidelines and conducted through an online platform from June 14th to July 15th, 2020. The primary outcome was the burden of burnout during the pandemic indicated by the validated Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure. Results: Nine hundred fifty-four surgeons completed the survey. The median length of practice was 10 years; 78.2% included were male with a median age of 37 years old, 39.5% were consultants, 68.9% were general surgeons, and 55.7% were affiliated with an academic institution. Overall, there was a significant increase in the mean burnout score during the pandemic; longer years of practice and older age were significantly associated with less burnout. There were significant reductions in the median number of outpatient visits, operated cases, on-call hours, emergency visits, and research work, so, 48.2% of respondents felt that the training resources were insufficient. The majority (81.3%) of respondents reported that their hospitals were included in the management of COVID-19, 66.5% felt their roles had been minimized; 41% were asked to assist in non-surgical medical practices, and 37.6% of respondents were included in COVID-19 management. Conclusions: There was a significant burnout among trainees. Almost all aspects of clinical and research activities were affected with a significant reduction in the volume of research, outpatient clinic visits, surgical procedures, on-call hours, and emergency cases hindering the training. Trial registration: The study was registered on clicaltrials.gov "NCT04433286" on 16/06/2020

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication