Genetic Delimitation of Fall Armyworm Parasitoids Isolated in Maize in Durango, Mexico

The fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda Smith (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is the main pest that attacks maize crops in Durango, Mexico. For its biological control, it is desired to use the parasitoids of the Braconidae family; however, its identification is quite complex due to the lack of taxonomic keys that describe the complete morphological characters or are well-defined. It is necessary to study their genetic characters to estimate the variation within populations and species. For this, DNA extraction and amplification by PCR were carried out, as well as the sequencing of a fragment of subunit I of the cytochrome c oxidase (COI) gene. In Chelonus sp., morphological variability was observed between Ch. insularis and Ch. sonorensis, their genetic distances were conspecific, indicating that they probably belong to the same lineage. In Meteorus, taxonomically two species were found that had not been reported for Durango: M. laphygmae and M. arizonensis; however, the genetic distance between these and the species reported in the Genbank® could indicate that it is a single species. These results showed the high morphological and genetic variability in these braconids, probably due to evolutionary and climatic changes

Segregación estacional por sexo y edad de venado cola blanca en poblaciones de vida libre y encierro en Durango, México

White-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) is a species with great economic and ecological relevance in Mexico, since it is the main game species in the country. Therefore, it is necessary to obtain reliable demographic data to improve its management. However, animal segregation movements could bias the population density estimations and demographic trends. This work aimed to analyse seasonal segregation by sex and age in free-living and fenced populations of white-tailed deer based on faecal groups. Fresh faecal groups of white-tailed deer were collected in two Wildlife Conservation Management Units (UMA in Spanish) located in Durango, Mexico: Salvador Allende and Molinillos. Faecal groups were collected every two weeks during 13 months for each UMA (from March 1st, 2015 to March 31st, 2016 for Salvador Allende, and from October 1st, 2015 to October 31st, 2016). The length and width of 10 faecal pellets were measured and the mean volume was calculated for each faecal group. Then, faecal groups were assigned to an age and sex category by a fuzzy set clustering technique. DNA was isolated from faecal pellets and a fragment of the SRY gene was amplified to determine the sex of the animals that deposited the faecal groups, in order to compare with the information obtained with the morphometric data of the pellets. The spatial-temporal data taken from faecal groups and the identification of age and sex were used for spatial sexual segregation coefficient (CSSE) calculation. Data about temperature, precipitation, photoperiod and vegetal cover were obtained for every season. A total of 351 fresh faecal groups were collected for both UMAs, in general, more faeces belonging to females. A lower number of faecal groups was collected in Salvador Allende (112). In both UMAs the lowest number of faecal groups was found in summer. The largest number of faecal groups was found in winter in Salvador Allende and in autumn in Molinillos. Statistic differences between segregation index between seasons was found. The sexual segregation index was higher in summer in both UMA (0.910 for Salvador Allende and 0.943 for Molinillos) when fawning occurred. By contrast, the lowest value was observed in winter (0.339) for Salvador Allende and in autumn (0.130) for Molinillos, when the breeding season occurred. Generally, reproductive behaviour determined age and sexual segregation. The highest proportion of faecal groups of juveniles was observed in spring and autumn in Salvador Allende and in summer in Molinillos. There was no correlation between sexual segregation index and environmental variables. It is necessary to consider variations in the segregation patterns in each season, since they can affect the population estimations based on the faecal counting technique. It is recommended to make the population estimates in seasons which spatial sexual segregation coefficient shows the highest and the lowest values.El venado cola blanca (Odocoileus virginianus) es una especie con valor económico, dado que es la especie cinegética más importante del país, por lo que es indispensable contar con datos confiables sobre su demografía para su mejor manejo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar la segregación estacional por sexo y edad, a partir de grupos fecales, en dos grupos de venado cola blanca, uno en vida libre (UMA Salvador Allende, 3200 ha) y el otro en un encierro (UMA Molinillos, 300 ha) ubicados en el estado de Durango. Se colectaron grupos fecales para cada UMA cada dos semanas por 13 meses (del 1° de marzo 2015 al 31 de marzo 2016 en Salvador Allende y del 1° de octubre 2015 al 31 de octubre 2016 en Molinillos). Se midió el largo y ancho de 10 pellets fecales por grupo fecal y se calculó el volumen medio, para asignar los grupos fecales a una categoría de edad y sexo mediante la técnica de agrupamiento de conjuntos difusos (fuzzy sets). Se aisló ADN de los pellets fecales y se amplificó un fragmento del gen SRY para determinar el sexo de los animales que depositaron los grupos fecales y comparar con los resultados obtenidos de las medidas morfométricas de los pellets. Los datos espaciotemporales tomados de los grupos fecales, así como su identificación de edad y sexo, se utilizaron para calcular el grado de segregación sexual espacial (CSSE) en cada UMA. Se colectaron 351 grupos fecales frescos para ambas UMA durante todas las épocas del año, encontrando más grupos pertenecientes a hembras. En la población de vida libre se colectó un menor número de grupos fecales (112) que en la población en encierro (273). El grado de segregación espacial fue estadísticamente diferente entre épocas del año siendo mayores en verano en ambas UMA (0.910 para Salvador Allende y 0.943 en Molinillos) cuando ocurren los nacimientos. Los valores más bajos se presentaron en invierno (0.339) en Salvador Allende y en otoño (0.130) en Molinillos, cuando ocurre el celo, lo que indica que el CSSE estuvo regido por el comportamiento reproductivo. No se observó correlación entre el índice de segregación espacial y las variables ambientales. Hay que considerar las variaciones debidas a la segregación sexual y edad en cada época del año, ya que pueden afectar los resultados de estimaciones de población mediante la técnica de conteo de grupos fecales, dependiendo de la época en que se realicen, por lo que se recomienda llevar a cabo las estimaciones de población tanto en la época donde se presente el valor más alto de segregación sexual espacial, como en el más bajo para evitar sobreestimaciones

Contribución al desarrollo social a través de la extensión universitaria

La Universidad Tecnológica de Pereira (UTP), a través de la Vicerrectoría de Investigaciones Innovación y Extensión, busca promover la extensión universitaria como una estrategia que permite el intercambio, la aplicación y la integración del conocimiento científico, tecnológico, artístico y cultural; al igual que la vinculación con la realidad social, cultural, económica y productiva de la región y del país, al darle valor a las capacidades institucionales y al generar una articulación e integración entre la docencia y la investigación, la cual permita la identificación de problemáticas y la propuesta de alternativas de solución; además de las oportunidades en el sector externo para realizar intervenciones y alianzas que conduzcan a fortalecer y aportar al desarrollo económico, cultural y el bienestar de la comunidad en general. En este sentido, para el año 2018 se ofertó, a los miembros de la comunidad universitaria, la «Convocatoria interna para la financiación de proyectos de extensión social, cultural y artístico» cuya ejecución se realizaría en el año 2019 y cuyo objetivo era fomentar el desarrollo de proyectos de carácter social, cultural, artístico, los cuales permitieran la solución y transformación de problemáticas que involucraran o beneficiaran sectores de diferentes comunidades. En esta convocatoria fueron financiados catorce proyectos que involucran a diferentes estamentos de la sociedad civil en torno al planteamiento y a la discusión de problemáticas, conflictos y sus posibles soluciones, así como a la identificación de oportunidades de progresos tecnológicos, ambientales, educativos o de creación artística, los cuales involucren o beneficien sectores de diferentes comunidades

Bose-Einstein correlations of charged hadrons in proton-proton collisions at s\sqrt s = 13 TeV

Bose-Einstein correlations of charged hadrons are measured over a broad multiplicity range, from a few particles up to about 250 reconstructed charged hadrons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV. The results are based on data collected using the CMS detector at the LHC during runs with a special low-pileup configuration. Three analysis techniques with different degrees of dependence on simulations are used to remove the non-Bose-Einstein background from the correlation functions. All three methods give consistent results. The measured lengths of homogeneity are studied as functions of particle multiplicity as well as average pair transverse momentum and mass. The results are compared with data from both CMS and ATLAS at $\sqrt{s}$ = 7 TeV, as well as with theoretical predictions.[graphic not available: see fulltext]Bose-Einstein correlations of charged hadrons are measured over a broad multiplicity range, from a few particles up to about 250 reconstructed charged hadrons in proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV. The results are based on data collected using the CMS detector at the LHC during runs with a special low-pileup configuration. Three analysis techniques with different degrees of dependence on simulations are used to remove the non-Bose-Einstein background from the correlation functions. All three methods give consistent results. The measured lengths of homogeneity are studied as functions of particle multiplicity as well as average pair transverse momentum and mass. The results are compared with data from both CMS and ATLAS at $\sqrt{s} =$ 7 TeV, as well as with theoretical predictions

Search for dark matter in events with a leptoquark and missing transverse momentum in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV

A search is presented for dark matter in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of root s= 13 TeV using events with at least one high transverse momentum (p(T)) muon, at least one high-p(T) jet, and large missing transverse momentum. The data were collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC in 2016 and 2017, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 77.4 fb(-1). In the examined scenario, a pair of scalar leptoquarks is assumed to be produced. One leptoquark decays to a muon and a jet while the other decays to dark matter and low-p(T) standard model particles. The signature for signal events would be significant missing transverse momentum from the dark matter in conjunction with a peak at the leptoquark mass in the invariant mass distribution of the highest p(T) muon and jet. The data are observed to be consistent with the background predicted by the standard model. For the first benchmark scenario considered, dark matter masses up to 500 GeV are excluded for leptoquark masses m(LQ) approximate to 1400 GeV, and up to 300 GeV for m(LQ) approximate to 1500 GeV. For the second benchmark scenario, dark matter masses up to 600 GeV are excluded for m(LQ) approximate to 1400 GeV. (C) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Search for an L-mu - L-tau gauge boson using Z -> 4 mu events in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

A search for a narrow Z' gauge boson with a mass between 5 and 70 GeV resulting from an L-mu - L-tau U (1) local gauge symmetry is reported. Theories that predict such a particle have been proposed as an explanation of various experimental discrepancies, including the lack of a dark matter signal in direct-detection experiments, tension in the measurement of the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon, and reports of possible lepton flavor universality violation in B meson decays. A data sample of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV is used, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 77.3 fb(-1) recorded in 2016 and 2017 by the CMS detector at the LHC. Events containing four muons with an invariant mass near the standard model Z boson mass are analyzed, and the selection is further optimized to be sensitive to the events that may contain Z -> Z'mu mu -> 4 mu decays. The event yields are consistent with the standard model predictions. Upper limits of 10(-8)-10(-7) at 95% confidence level are set on the product of branching fractions B(Z -> Z'mu mu)B(Z' -> mu mu), depending on the Z' mass, which excludes a Z' boson coupling strength to muons above 0.004-0.3. These are the first dedicated limits on L-mu - L-tau models at the LHC and result in a significant increase in the excluded model parameter space. The results of this search may also be used to constrain the coupling strength of any light Z' gauge boson to muons. (C) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.Peer reviewe

Measurement of electroweak WZ boson production and search for new physics in WZ + two jets events in pp collisions at √s=13TeV

A measurement of WZ electroweak (EW) vector boson scattering is presented. The measurement is performed in the leptonic decay modes WZ→ℓνℓ′ℓ′, where ℓ,ℓ′=e,μ. The analysis is based on a data sample of proton-proton collisions at √s=13 TeV at the LHC collected with the CMS detector and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The WZ plus two jet production cross section is measured in fiducial regions with enhanced contributions from EW production and found to be consistent with standard model predictions. The EW WZ production in association with two jets is measured with an observed (expected) significance of 2.2 (2.5) standard deviations. Constraints on charged Higgs boson production and on anomalous quartic gauge couplings in terms of dimension-eight effective field theory operators are also presented

Studies of Beauty Suppression via Nonprompt D-0 Mesons in Pb-Pb Collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

The transverse momentum spectra of D-0 mesons from b hadron decays are measured at midrapidity (vertical bar y vertical bar D-0 yield is found to be suppressed in the measured p(T) range from 2 to 100 GeV/c as compared to pp collisions. The suppression is weaker than that of prompt D-0 mesons and charged hadrons for p(T) around 10 GeV/c. While theoretical calculations incorporating partonic energy loss in the quark-gluon plasma can successfully describe the measured B -> D-0 suppression at higher p(T), the data show an indication of larger suppression than the model predictions in the range of 2 <p(T) <5 GeV/c.Peer reviewe

Observation of the χb1(3P)\chi_{b1}(3P) and χb2(3P)\chi_{b2}(3P) and measurement of their masses

The $\chi_{b1}(3P)$ and $\chi_{b2}(3P)$ states are observed through their $\gamma(3S)_\gamma$ decays, using an event sample of proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS experiment at the CERN LHC. The data were collected at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV and correspond to an integrated luminosity of $80.0  fb^{−1}$. The$\gamma(3S)$ mesons are identified through their dimuon decay channel, while the low-energy photons are detected after converting to $e^+e ^−$ pairs in the silicon tracker, leading to a $\chi_{b1}(3P)$ mass resolution of 2.2 MeV. This is the first time that the J=1 and 2 states are well resolved and their masses individually measured: $10513.42±0.41(stat)±0.18(syst)  MeV$ and $10524.02±0.57(stat)±0.18(syst)  MeV$; they are determined with respect to the world-average value of the $\gamma(3S)$ mass, which has an uncertainty of 0.5 MeV. The mass splitting is measured to be $10.60±0.64(stat)±0.17(syst)  MeV$

Performance of missing transverse momentum reconstruction in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV using the CMS detector

The performance of missing transverse momentum ((p) over right arrow (miss)(T)) reconstruction algorithms for the CMS experiment is presented, using proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected at the CERN LHC in 2016. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1). The results include measurements of the scale and resolution of (p) over right arrow (miss)(T), and detailed studies of events identified with anomalous (p) over right arrow (miss)(T). The performance is presented of a (p) over right arrow (miss)(T) reconstruction algorithm that mitigates the effects of multiple proton-proton interactions, using the "pileup per particle identification" method. The performance is shown of an algorithm used to estimate the compatibility of the reconstructed (p) over right arrow (miss)(T) with the hypothesis that it originates from resolution effects.Peer reviewe