Conocimiento nutricional y hábitos alimenticios de la Selección Brasileña de Fútbol Sala

Introduction: Futsal is a sport that requires nutritional support to support the high-energy expenditure and significant loss of fluids and electrolytes during training and matches. It is important that high-level athletes follow appropriate, evidence-based nutrition. To our knowledge, there is a lack of data on the eating habits and nutrition knowledge of Futsal players. Therefore, this study aims to describe the nutritional knowledge and eating habits of players of the national Brazilian Futsal Team. A secondary aim was to translate the Abridged Nutrition for Sport Questionnaire into Portuguese for use in Portuguese-speaking athletes. Material and methods: This is a cross-sectional and descriptive study. The evaluations were carried out during the preparation period of the Brazilian Futsal Team for the FIFA Futsal World Cup 2020 qualifiers.  We evaluated anthropometry (weight, height, body mass index) nutritional knowledge (assessed using a translated version of the Abridged Nutrition for Sport Knowledge Questionnaire) and eating habits (assessed using a validated Brazilian FFQ), as well as supplement use. The translation of the ANSKQ was undertaken using previous validated forward-backward translation procedures. Results: The mean total correct score on the ANSKQ was 12 out of a possible 35 (34.45%). The mean total correct score on the ANSKQ was 12 out of a possible 35 (34.45%). Players had a statistically significantly higher score for “General Nutrition” knowledge than Sports Nutrition Knowledge (47.27% vs 28.53%, p<0.005). Futsal players had infrequent consumption of the food group "Milk and dairy products", and frequent consumption of "Snacks" as well as fruits. Regarding dietary supplements, 46% of athletes said they consume, or previously consumed, with Whey Protein being the most common supplement. Conclusions: There is room from improvement in athletes nutrition knowledge, especially sports specific knowledge. Futsal players may also require education on appropriate supplement use and dietary intake.Introducción: El fútbol sala es un deporte que requiere un apoyo nutricional para soportar el alto gasto energético y pérdida significativa de líquidos y electrolitos durante los entrenamientos y partidos. Por tanto, este estudio tiene como objetivo describir el conocimiento nutricional y los hábitos alimenticios de los jugadores de la Selección Brasileña de Fútbol Sala. Un objetivo secundario fue traducir el Cuestionario abreviado de conocimiento sobre Nutrición para el deporte (ANSKQ) para su uso en atletas que hablan portugués. Material y métodos: Se trata de un estudio descriptivo y transversal. Las evaluaciones ocurrieron durante el período de preparación de la Selección Brasileña de Fútbol Sala para las eliminatorias del Mundial de Fútbol Sala FIFA 2020. Evaluamos la antropometría (peso, altura, índice de masa corporal), el conocimiento nutricional (versión traducida del ANSKQ) y los hábitos alimentarios (FFQ brasileño validado), así como el uso de suplementos. La traducción del ANSKQ se llevó a cabo utilizando procedimientos de traducción previamente validados. Resultados: La puntuación media de aciertos en el ANSKQ fue de 12 (de 35) (34.45%). Los jugadores obtuvieron una puntuación estadísticamente significativa más alta en el conocimiento de “Nutrición general” que en el Conocimiento de nutrición deportiva (47,27% frente a 28,53%, p <0,005). Los jugadores de fútbol sala tenían un consumo poco frecuente del grupo "Leche y productos lácteos", y un consumo frecuente de "Snacks" y frutas. A respecto de los suplementos alimenticios, el 46% de los deportistas afirmaron consumir, o haber consumido, siendo la proteína de suero el suplemento más habitual. Conclusiones: Hay margen de mejora en el conocimiento nutricional de los atletas, especialmente en los conocimientos específicos de nutrición deportiva. Los jugadores de fútbol sala también pueden requerir orientación sobre el uso apropiado de suplementos y la ingesta dietética

Body dissatisfaction in youth of a high school school in Porto Alegre

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as percepções da imagem corporal de 133 estudantes de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 15 e 19 anos de uma escola pública estadual de Ensino Médio de Porto Alegre-RS. Cada participante indicou a silhueta mais parecida com seu corpo e a mais desejada numa Escala de Silhuetas (Kakeshita, 2008). O Ãndice de Massa Corporal foi calculado para cada indivíduo. A insatisfação corporal foi identificada a partir da diferença entre os escores das silhuetas auto percebida e desejada em comparação à silhueta real. A maioria dos participantes apresentou estado nutricional eutrófico, 74,4%, sendo 21,1% deles com sobrepeso e apenas 4,5% de baixo peso para a idade. Os achados mostraram que há insatisfação corporal entre os escolares e que há diferença entre a insatisfação dos sexos masculino e feminino, principalmente com relação à escolha das silhuetas. Os estudantes de ambos os sexos perceberam sua imagem corporal menor do que realmente é. No entanto, as estudantes do sexo feminino ainda desejavam uma silhueta menor, visto que perceberam os tamanhos de seus corpos significativamente maiores do que os tamanhos desejados, diferente dos estudantes do sexo masculino, que não demonstraram essa diferença significativa entre silhueta percebida e desejada. Os resultados da pesquisa são compatíveis com outros estudos na literatura.The objective of this study was to analyze body image perceptions of 133 students of both sexes, aged 15 to 19 of a public high school in Porto Alegre-RS. Each participant indicated the silhouette most similar to his\her body and the most desired one on a Scale of Silhouettes (Kakeshita, 2008). The Body Mass Index was calculated for each individual. Body dissatisfaction was identified from the difference between the scores of the self-perceived silhouettes and the appearance compared to the actual silhouette. The majority of the participants presented normal nutritional status, 74.4%, where 21.1% of them were overweight and only 4.5% presented low weight for age. The findings showed that there is body dissatisfaction among the children of this school and that there is a difference between male and female dissatisfaction, especially regarding the choice of the silhouettes. Students of both sexes perceived their lower body image than it really is. However, female students still wanted a smaller silhouette, as they perceived their body sizes significantly larger than desired sizes, unlike male students, who did not demonstrate this significant difference between perceived and desired silhouette. The results of this research are compatible with other studies in the literature

Estado nutricional, nível de atividade física e aptidão física relacionada à saúde de estudantes do ensino fundamental de uma escola particular de Porto Alegre

Introduction: The rise of overweight children and adolescents, low levels of physical activity and health-related physical fitness has become a concern for health entities and the school environment. Objective: To evaluate the nutritional status, the level of physical activity and health-related physical fitness of students in the final years of elementary school. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 173 male and female students at a private school in Porto Alegre. BMI (body mass index), WHtR (waist-to-height ratio) and% BF (percentage of fat), physical activity level, extracurricular sport activity, health-related physical fitness was evaluated. For data analysis, descriptive statistics was used and for inferential analysis, the independent t test, chi-square test, covariance analysis, Pearson's r test were used, with a significance level of p <0.05. Results: In BMI and WHtR most students were classified in the “Healthy Zone†and% CG “Not Highâ€. When analyzing the level of physical activity, the number of “Assets†was higher (79.2%). In cardiorespiratory fitness, 79.7% of girls are in the “Health Risk Zoneâ€. Boys who practice extracurricular sports showed better levels of cardiorespiratory fitness. The girls perform better on the flexibility test. Conclusion: Boys are more “active†than girls, have better levels of cardiorespiratory fitness and greater abdominal endurance, while girls have excelled in flexibility. Still, 30% of the students were overweight.Introdução: O aumento de crianças e adolescentes com excesso de peso, baixos níveis de atividade física e de aptidão física relacionada à saúde tem se tornado uma preocupação para entidades de saúde e ambiente escolar. Objetivo: Avaliar o estado nutricional, o nível de atividade física e aptidão física relacionada à saúde de escolares, dos anos finais do Ensino Fundamental. Métodos: Foi desenvolvido um estudo descritivo, com corte transversal, com 173 alunos, de ambos os sexos, em uma escola privada de Porto Alegre. Foram avaliados o IMC (índice de massa corporal), a RCE (relação cintura estatura) e o %GC (percentual de gordura), nível de atividade física, prática de atividade esportiva extracurricular, aptidão física relacionada à saúde. Para análise dos dados foi utilizada estatística descritiva e para análise inferencial foi utilizado o teste t independente, teste qui-quadrado, análise de covariância, teste r de Pearson, sendo o nível de significância de p<0,05. Resultados: Em ao IMC e RCE a maior parte dos estudantes foi classificada na “Zona Saudável†e %GC “Não Elevadoâ€. Ao analisar o nível de atividade física, o número de “Ativos†foi superior (79,2%). Na aptidão cardiorrespiratória, 79,7% das meninas se encontram na “Zona de Risco à Saúdeâ€. Os meninos que praticam atividade esportiva extracurricular apresentaram melhores níveis de aptidão cardiorrespiratória. As meninas melhores desempenho no teste de flexibilidade. Conclusão: Meninos são mais “Ativos†que as meninas, melhores níveis de aptidão cardiorrespiratória e maior resistência abdominais, enquanto as meninas destacaram-se na flexibilidade. Ainda, 30% dos escolares apresentaram excesso de peso

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Search for heavy resonances decaying to two Higgs bosons in final states containing four b quarks

A search is presented for narrow heavy resonances X decaying into pairs of Higgs bosons (H) in proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC at root s = 8 TeV. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb(-1). The search considers HH resonances with masses between 1 and 3 TeV, having final states of two b quark pairs. Each Higgs boson is produced with large momentum, and the hadronization products of the pair of b quarks can usually be reconstructed as single large jets. The background from multijet and t (t) over bar events is significantly reduced by applying requirements related to the flavor of the jet, its mass, and its substructure. The signal would be identified as a peak on top of the dijet invariant mass spectrum of the remaining background events. No evidence is observed for such a signal. Upper limits obtained at 95 confidence level for the product of the production cross section and branching fraction sigma(gg -> X) B(X -> HH -> b (b) over barb (b) over bar) range from 10 to 1.5 fb for the mass of X from 1.15 to 2.0 TeV, significantly extending previous searches. For a warped extra dimension theory with amass scale Lambda(R) = 1 TeV, the data exclude radion scalar masses between 1.15 and 1.55 TeV

Measurement of the top quark forward-backward production asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric and chromomagnetic moments in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV

Abstract The parton-level top quark (t) forward-backward asymmetry and the anomalous chromoelectric (d̂ t) and chromomagnetic (μ̂ t) moments have been measured using LHC pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, collected in the CMS detector in a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb−1. The linearized variable AFB(1) is used to approximate the asymmetry. Candidate t t ¯ events decaying to a muon or electron and jets in final states with low and high Lorentz boosts are selected and reconstructed using a fit of the kinematic distributions of the decay products to those expected for t t ¯ final states. The values found for the parameters are AFB(1)=0.048−0.087+0.095(stat)−0.029+0.020(syst),μ̂t=−0.024−0.009+0.013(stat)−0.011+0.016(syst), and a limit is placed on the magnitude of | d̂ t| < 0.03 at 95% confidence level. [Figure not available: see fulltext.