First-Principles Study of 180⁰ Domain Walls in BaTiO₃: Mixed Bloch-Néel-Ising Character

The 180⁰ ferroelectric domain walls (FDWs) have long been regarded as purely Ising type in ferroelectrics, but recent theoretical works suggested that they can also have Néel- and/or Bloch-like rotations. Using a combination of first-principles calculations with phase-field simulations, we studied the 180⁰ FDWs on different crystallographic planes in prototypical ferroelectric perovskite BaTiO3. The polarization profiles of 180 FDWs on (100) and (410) planes revealed that the (100)- and (410)-FDWs both exhibit Néel-like character besides their intrinsic Ising character, while the (410)-FDW also simultaneously shows a Bloch-like oblique of ~6 nm, as a consequence of the deviation of polarization gradient from the high symmetry direction. Due to the existence of the Néel-like component of polarization, 180⁰ FDWs in BaTiO3 exhibit a multilayer charge redistribution and thus may strongly trap charged defects

Sparse Recovery for Bistatic MIMO Radar Imaging in the Presence of Array Gain Uncertainties

A sparse recovery based transmit-receive angle imaging scheme is proposed for bistatic multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar. The redundancy of the transmit and receive angles in the same range cell is exploited to construct the sparse model. The imaging is then performed by compressive sensing method with consideration of both the transmit and receive array gain uncertainties. An additional constraint is imposed on the inverse of the transmit and receive array gain errors matrices to make the optimization problem of the CS solvable. The image of the targets can be reconstructed using small number of snapshots in the case of large array gain uncertainties. Simulation results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed scheme

Flexoelectricity and Ferroelectric Domain Wall Structures: Phase-Field Modeling and DFT Calculations

We show that flexoelectric effect is responsible for the non-Ising character of a 180° ferroelectric domain wall. The wall, long considered being of Ising type, contains both Bloch- and Néel-type polarization components. Using the example of classic ferroelectric BaTiO3, and by incorporating the flexoelectric effect into a phase-field model, it is demonstrated that the flexoelectric effect arising from stress inhomogeneity around the domain wall leads to the additional Bloch and Néel polarization components. The magnitudes of these additional components are two or three magnitudes smaller than the Ising component, and they are determined by the competing depolarization and flexoelectric fields. Our results from phase-field model are consistent with the atomistic scale calculations. The results prove the critical role of flexoelectricity in defining the internal structure of ferroelectric domain walls

Intestinal Absorption and First-Pass Metabolism of Polyphenol Compounds in Rat and Their Transport Dynamics in Caco-2 Cells

<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Polyphenols, a group of complex naturally occurring compounds, are widely distributed throughout the plant kingdom and are therefore readily consumed by humans. The relationship between their chemical structure and intestinal absorption, transport, and first-pass metabolism remains unresolved, however.</p> <h3>Methods</h3><p>Here, we investigated the intestinal absorption and first-pass metabolism of four polyphenol compounds, apigenin, resveratrol, emodin and chrysophanol, using the <em>in vitro</em> Caco-2 cell monolayer model system and <em>in situ</em> intestinal perfusion and <em>in vivo</em> pharmacokinetic studies in rats, so as to better understand the relationship between the chemical structure and biological fate of the dietary polyphenols.</p> <h3>Conclusion</h3><p>After oral administration, emodin and chrysophanol exhibited different absorptive and metabolic behaviours compared to apigenin and resveratrol. The differences in their chemical structures presumably resulted in differing affinities for drug-metabolizing enzymes, such as glucuronidase and sulphatase, and transporters, such as MRP2, SGLT1, and P-glycoprotein, which are found in intestinal epithelial cells.</p> </div

Systematic analysis of the necroptosis index in pan-cancer and classification in discriminating the prognosis and immunotherapy responses of 1716 glioma patients

Necroptosis is a programmed form of necrotic cell death that serves as a host gatekeeper for defense against invasion by certain pathogens. Previous studies have uncovered the essential role of necroptosis in tumor progression and implied the potential for novel therapies targeting necroptosis. However, no comprehensive analysis of multi-omics data has been conducted to better understand the relationship between necroptosis and tumor. We developed the necroptosis index (NI) to uncover the effect of necroptosis in most cancers. NI not only correlated with clinical characteristics of multiple tumors, but also could influence drug sensitivity in glioma. Based on necroptosis-related differentially expressed genes, the consensus clustering was used to classify glioma patients into two NI subgroups. Then, we revealed NI subgroup I were more sensitive to immunotherapy, particularly anti-PD1 therapy. This new NI-based classification may have prospective predictive factors for prognosis and guide physicians in prioritizing immunotherapy for potential responders

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Search for heavy resonances decaying to two Higgs bosons in final states containing four b quarks

A search is presented for narrow heavy resonances X decaying into pairs of Higgs bosons (H) in proton-proton collisions collected by the CMS experiment at the LHC at root s = 8 TeV. The data correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb(-1). The search considers HH resonances with masses between 1 and 3 TeV, having final states of two b quark pairs. Each Higgs boson is produced with large momentum, and the hadronization products of the pair of b quarks can usually be reconstructed as single large jets. The background from multijet and t (t) over bar events is significantly reduced by applying requirements related to the flavor of the jet, its mass, and its substructure. The signal would be identified as a peak on top of the dijet invariant mass spectrum of the remaining background events. No evidence is observed for such a signal. Upper limits obtained at 95 confidence level for the product of the production cross section and branching fraction sigma(gg -> X) B(X -> HH -> b (b) over barb (b) over bar) range from 10 to 1.5 fb for the mass of X from 1.15 to 2.0 TeV, significantly extending previous searches. For a warped extra dimension theory with amass scale Lambda(R) = 1 TeV, the data exclude radion scalar masses between 1.15 and 1.55 TeV

MUSiC : a model-unspecific search for new physics in proton-proton collisions at root s=13TeV

Results of the Model Unspecific Search in CMS (MUSiC), using proton-proton collision data recorded at the LHC at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1), are presented. The MUSiC analysis searches for anomalies that could be signatures of physics beyond the standard model. The analysis is based on the comparison of observed data with the standard model prediction, as determined from simulation, in several hundred final states and multiple kinematic distributions. Events containing at least one electron or muon are classified based on their final state topology, and an automated search algorithm surveys the observed data for deviations from the prediction. The sensitivity of the search is validated using multiple methods. No significant deviations from the predictions have been observed. For a wide range of final state topologies, agreement is found between the data and the standard model simulation. This analysis complements dedicated search analyses by significantly expanding the range of final states covered using a model independent approach with the largest data set to date to probe phase space regions beyond the reach of previous general searches.Peer reviewe

Measurement of prompt open-charm production cross sections in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

The production cross sections for prompt open-charm mesons in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13TeV are reported. The measurement is performed using a data sample collected by the CMS experiment corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 29 nb(-1). The differential production cross sections of the D*(+/-), D-+/-, and D-0 ((D) over bar (0)) mesons are presented in ranges of transverse momentum and pseudorapidity 4 < p(T) < 100 GeV and vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2.1, respectively. The results are compared to several theoretical calculations and to previous measurements.Peer reviewe

Measurement of B-c(2S)(+) and B-c*(2S)(+) cross section ratios in proton-proton collisions at root s=13 TeV

Peer reviewe