The Effect of Neuropriming and Focus of Attention on Amateur Standing Long Jump Performance

International Journal of Exercise Science 15(1): 1472-1480, 2022. Non-invasive brain stimulation has been prominent in recent neurophysiology research. The use of brain stimulation has not been examined in combination with the focus of attention paradigm, an established motor control tool. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of both brain stimulation and focus of attention on the outcome performance, peak force, lower extremity joint kinematics, and projection angle of a standing long jump. Forty-one participants were assigned to either the brain stimulation group or placebo group via a counterbalance design based on leg length and jump distance. Participants were only accepted if they had not previously trained in the standing long jump. On a second day, participants performed a standing long jump under control, external, and internal attentional foci after having undergone either a single session of brain stimulation or a placebo warm-up. Five total jumps were performed: one baseline jump followed by two for each attentional focus condition. The results indicated that an external focus of attention and control conditions created a reduced projection angle compared to an internal focus of attention and that brain stimulation did not have any effects on the performance of a standing long jump after a single session. There were no changes evident between hip, knee, and ankle joint angles, force production, or jump distance between any of the conditions or groups

Structured Operational Semantics for Graph Rewriting

Process calculi and graph transformation systems provide models of reactive systems with labelled transition semantics. While the semantics for process calculi is compositional, this is not the case for graph transformation systems, in general. Hence, the goal of this article is to obtain a compositional semantics for graph transformation system in analogy to the structural operational semantics (SOS) for Milner's Calculus of Communicating Systems (CCS). The paper introduces an SOS style axiomatization of the standard labelled transition semantics for graph transformation systems. The first result is its equivalence with the so-called Borrowed Context technique. Unfortunately, the axiomatization is not compositional in the expected manner as no rule captures "internal" communication of sub-systems. The main result states that such a rule is derivable if the given graph transformation system enjoys a certain property, which we call "complementarity of actions". Archetypal examples of such systems are interaction nets. We also discuss problems that arise if "complementarity of actions" is violated.Comment: In Proceedings ICE 2011, arXiv:1108.014

Emissão de gases de efeito estufa (GEE) pela pecuária: situação e perspectivas para criação de um mercado de crédito de carbono

O mercado mundial de carbono desenvolveu-se rapidamente com\ud a ratificação do Protocolo de Quioto, sendo considerado como base para a\ud implantação deste mercado. O objetivo do presente estudo foi analisar a\ud situação e perspectivas da emissão de gases de efeito estufa (GEE) pela\ud pecuária, e a possível criação de um mercado de crédito de carbono. Pelos\ud dados levantados, pode-se afirmar que o Brasil tem um grande potencial para\ud a criação deste mercado, por possuir o maior rebanho bovino comercial do\ud mundo e importante participação na emissão de GEE, principalmente o metano.\ud Com um horizonte de crescimento para o setor, a melhora da eficiência técnica\ud e a utilização dos preceitos de sustentabilidade são fatores importantes para\ud quem almeja um desenvolvimento sólido e sustentável.Os organizadores autorizam a reprodução total ou parcial deste trabalho, para qualquer meio convencional ou eletrônico, para fins de estudo e pesquisa, desde que citada a fonte

Optimasi Portofolio Resiko Menggunakan Model Markowitz MVO Dikaitkan dengan Keterbatasan Manusia dalam Memprediksi Masa Depan dalam Perspektif Al-Qur`an

Risk portfolio on modern finance has become increasingly technical, requiring the use of sophisticated mathematical tools in both research and practice. Since companies cannot insure themselves completely against risk, as human incompetence in predicting the future precisely that written in Al-Quran surah Luqman verse 34, they have to manage it to yield an optimal portfolio. The objective here is to minimize the variance among all portfolios, or alternatively, to maximize expected return among all portfolios that has at least a certain expected return. Furthermore, this study focuses on optimizing risk portfolio so called Markowitz MVO (Mean-Variance Optimization). Some theoretical frameworks for analysis are arithmetic mean, geometric mean, variance, covariance, linear programming, and quadratic programming. Moreover, finding a minimum variance portfolio produces a convex quadratic programming, that is minimizing the objective function ðð¥with constraintsð ð 𥠥 ðandð´ð¥ = ð. The outcome of this research is the solution of optimal risk portofolio in some investments that could be finished smoothly using MATLAB R2007b software together with its graphic analysis

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements